Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.4.3.13 (lysyl oxidase)
 1,248 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Collagen biosynthesis was analyzed in C57BL/6J mice homozygous for the high-growth locus. Plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were significantly elevated in high-growth mice at all ages studied (3 wk-6 mo); IGF-binding proteins were also elevated. Skin biopsies were obtained from mice aged 3, 6, and 9 wk under halothane anesthesia. Mice were killed at 6 mo of age. Collagen, expressed per weight of tissue, was significantly increased in all tissues from high-growth mice, as was collagen cross-linking, expressed as moles of cross-link per mole of collagen. Expression of types I and III collagen, lysyl oxidase, and lysyl hydroxylase was increased in all tissues analyzed. There was a preferential increase in type III expression relative to type I expression. Rate and extent of accumulation of collagen in granulation tissue were measured in polyvinyl alcohol sponges implanted subcutaneously; collagen accumulation was significantly greater in the high-growth mice. These results suggest that 1) elevated circulating IGF-1 may increase collagen deposition both in normal tissue as well as in granulation tissue by increasing collagen gene expression, 2) IGF-1 may increase collagen cross-linking by stimulating expression of lysyl oxidase, and 3) the preferential increase in dihydroxylated cross-links observed in high-growth mice may be due to the stimulation of lysyl hydroxylase expression by IGF-1. In summary, elevated levels of IGF-1 appear to affect collagen both quantitatively and qualitatively, primarily through their effects on gene expression of collagen and of those enzymes responsible for posttranslational modifications of collagen.
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PMID:Effects of elevated circulating IGF-1 on the extracellular matrix in "high-growth" C57BL/6J mice. 885 93

Although the inguinal hernia is among the most commonly encountered and well-described health problems all over the world, the etiology is still controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels in direct and indirect inguinal hernia patients. Plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels obtained from patients operated under spinal anesthesia with primary direct (group I, n = 55, 45 male, mean age = 45.68 yr) and indirect (group II, n = 55, 40 male, mean age = 38.57 yr) hernias were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Significantly lower plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels were detected in group I in comparison to group II (p < 0.001). Both plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels were significantly lower in males when we compare the patients according to their sex characteristics, including both direct and indirect hernia groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Age was not a significant factor. The plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels were significantly lower in direct hernia patients in comparison to indirect hernia patients. Copper is a cofactor of lysyl oxidase, an important enzyme in collagen tissue metabolism, so there might be a defect in the collagen synthesis of direct hernia patients because of the decreased activity of the lysyl oxidase. Further investigations are necessary to clarify this concept.
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PMID:Comparison of the plasma and hernia sac tissue copper levels in direct and indirect inguinal hernia patients. 1632 59

Previous data from spaceflight studies indicate that injured muscle and bone heal slowly and abnormally compared with ground controls, strongly suggesting that ligaments or tendons may not repair optimally as well. Thus the objective of this study was to investigate the biochemical and molecular gene expression of the collagen extracellular matrix in response to medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury repair in hindlimb unloaded (HLU) rodents. Male rats were assigned to 3- and 7-wk treatment groups with three subgroups each: sham control, ambulatory healing (Amb-healing), and HLU-healing groups. Amb- and HLU-healing animals underwent bilateral surgical transection of their MCLs, whereas control animals were subjected to sham surgeries. All surgeries were performed under isoflurane anesthesia. After 3 wk or 7 wk of HLU, rats were euthanized and MCLs were surgically isolated and prepared for molecular or biochemical analyses. Hydroxyproline concentration and hydroxylysylpyridinoline collagen cross-link contents were measured by HPLC and showed a substantial decrement in surgical groups. MCL tissue cellularity, quantified by DNA content, remained significantly elevated in all HLU-healing groups vs. Amb-healing groups. MCL gene expression of collagen type I, collagen type III, collagen type V, fibronectin, decorin, biglycan, lysyl oxidase, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, measured by real-time quantitative PCR, demonstrated differential expression in the HLU-healing groups compared with Amb-healing groups at both the 3- and 7-wk time points. Together, these data suggest that HLU affects dense fibrous connective tissue wound healing and confirms previous morphological and biomechanical data that HLU inhibits the ligament repair processes.
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PMID:Temporal extracellular matrix adaptations in ligament during wound healing and hindlimb unloading. 1769 62