Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.4.1.2 (glutamate dehydrogenase)
 4,380 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Quantitative cytochemical methods in functionally different rat brain formations (sensomotor cortex, visual cortex, nucleus caudatus, hippocampus) showed the peculiarities of the effect of tuftsin on the activity of some enzymes (the oxidative, neurotransmitter and protein metabolism enzymes) 15 min and 3 days after its single administration. No changes of activity of neurotransmitter metabolism enzymes (monoamine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase) were registered cytochemically. The specificity of the neuro-tropical effect of tuftsin on protein (activity of aminopeptidase and acid phosphatase) and oxidative (activity of glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) metabolism in different functional brain systems is discussed.
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PMID:[A cytochemical study of the effect of tuftsin on the enzyme activity in functionally different formations of the brain in rats]. 184 60

In two groups of Wistar rats differing in horizontal motor activity in an open field, there was a dramatic lowering of that parameter after 2 weeks of administration of L-DOPA in the daily dose 50 mg/kg bw. The lowering in each group turned out different. Interferometric and cytophotometric studies of layers III and IV neurons of the sensorimotor cortex, n. caudatus and n. accumbens, made it possible to detect changes in the area of cytoplasm and neuronal nuclei, in their protein content, in aminopeptidase, glutamate dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. The intensity and tendencies of the changes varied in both groups animals. It is concluded that excess dopamine produces an effect on the plastic and oxidative types of neuronal metabolism in the indicated structures.
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PMID:[Neurochemical aspects of the cortical-subcortical interrelations after activation of the dopamine system with L-dopa]. 196 3

Using quantitative cytochemical technique a study was made of the effect of the synthetic analog of the Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH2 on the content and concentration of proteins and on the activity of enzymes (aminopeptidase, glutamate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase) in neurons of the brain motor cortex and nucleus caudatus of rabbits and rats. The essential changes of the parameters used were registered 3 days after neuropeptide injection. A 30 minutes effects of the synthetic analog of enkephalins in protein metabolism was not so pronounced as a 3 days effect, the former being observed only in neurons of the brain motor cortex. Long-lasting effects of the neuropeptide Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH2 on the metabolism in brain are discussed.
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PMID:[Cytochemical research on the effect of a synthetic enkephalin analog on the protein content and enzyme activity of neurons]. 406 Feb 31

Cell bodies of cardio-vascular receptors localized in the ganglion nodosum of rabbits exposed to experimental emotional stress were studied with the light and electron microscope and histochemically. Under emotional stress some rabbits demonstrated almost unchanged arterial pressure and only a small increase in heart rate, while other animals displayed strongly marked disturbances of their blood circulation leading to the acute heart deficiency at the end of the experiment. In the stress-resistant rabbits, microscopic anatomy and ultrastructure of neurons indicated their increased activity. Activities of lysosomal enzymes--acid phosphatase and aminopeptidase--were found to be at the control level, while the activity of mitochondrial enzyme--glutamate dehydrogenase--was slightly increased. On the other hand morphological evidence of severe hyperactivity and exhaustion was revealed in neurons of the stress-predisposed rabbits. Moreover the activities of all three enzymes studied were significantly increased. These results indicate correlation between the structural and metabolic changes occurring under experimental emotional stress in nodosal neurons and the extent of hemodynamic changes.
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PMID:Changes in ganglion nodosum neurons associated with stress-related cardiac deficiency. 770 77

In the course of a long-term L-DOPA administration (14 days) and 2 weeks after its cessation the activities of some protein enzymes (aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase), neuromediator (MAO, ACE) and oxidative (glutamate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) metabolism were studied by quantitative cytochemical methods in brain motor structures (sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus) and in structures not directly related to motor functions (hippocampus) of rats with high and low motor activity. After L-DOPA (madapar) cessation significant changes were revealed in the formation of motor system of the brain, primarily in the group of rats with low motor activity. It is suggested that a decrease in MAO activity after madapar cessation may be responsible for dyskinesia arising after cessation of L-DOPA preparations treatment.
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PMID:[Pathochemical changes in the motor structures of the brain under the influence of the administration of L-DOPA preparations and their withdrawal (experimental research)]. 790 Apr 46

Peculiarities of the CNS response to chronic treatment with L-DOPA were revealed by quantitative cytochemical methods in August (stress-sensitive) and Wistar (emotionally resistant) rats. In August rats L-DOPA administration caused aminopeptidase activity increase in sensomotor cortex layer 3 and nucleus accumbens, glutamate dehydrogenase activity growth in nucleus accumbens as well as the elevation of monoaminoxidase (MAO) activity in nucleus caudatus and nucleus accumbens (serotonin as substrate) and in nucleus caudatus and hippocampus (tryptamine as substrate), while acetyl cholinesterase activity did not change at all. At the same time in Wistar rats only glutamate dehydrogenase activity increase was observed in nucleus caudatus and nucleus accumbens.
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PMID:[Comparative cytochemical study of the central nervous system in Wistar and August rats in dopamine system hyperfunction]. 960 63

Quantitative cytochemical methods revealed the decrease of MAO activity (substrate--tryptamine) in the hippocampus of L-dioxytryptamine treated August rats genetically predisposed to emotional stress under the effect of delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP). Activities of aminopeptidase and glutamate dehydrogenase were decreased in n.accumbens while changes of the activities of these enzymes were not significant in the layers III and V of sensomotor cortex and n.caudatus. In all brain structures Ache and MAO (substrate 5-hydroxytryptamine) activities were not influenced by DSIP.
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PMID:[Changes in the enzyme activity in the brain structures of August rats under the influence of the delta sleep-inducing peptide against a background of prolonged L-dihydroxyphenylalanine administration]. 1070 90

Quantitative cytochemical assay showed that single injection of delta sleep-inducing peptide increased monoamine oxidase activity (substrates: serotonin and tryptamine) in the caudate and accumbens nuclei and glutamate dehydrogenase activity in the hippocampus of stress-resistant Wistar rats chronically treated with L-DOPA. Enzyme activities in the sensorimotor cortex did not change. Delta sleep-inducing peptide had no effects on acetylcholine esterase and aminopeptidase activities in the brain of Wistar rats.
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PMID:Neurochemical characteristics of the effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide in Wistar rats with hyperactivity of the dopaminergic system. 1118 19

The aim of this work was the comparative cytochemical study of some parameters of neurotransmitter and protein metabolism in the hippocampus (CA3 field) of August and Wistar rats, which were used as genetic-functional models demonstrating different brain organization, in particular, in respect to an emotional stress. Using quantitative cytochemical methods it was demonstrated that the activities of aminopeptidase, monoaminooxidase (substrates--tryptamine and serotonin), and glutamate dehydrogenase, were lower in the hippocampus of August rats (predisposed to emotional stress) as compared to that one in Wistar rats (resistant to emotional stress). August rats were also characterized by smaller sizes of neuronal cytoplasm and nuclei and by their lower protein content and concentration. The analysis of the data obtained has shown the existence of neurons with different modalities within the limits of CA3 hippocampal field, and these characteristics are thought to define the morphochemical differences in the hippocampus (CA3 field) of genetically different rats.
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PMID:[Morphochemical analysis of hippocampus of rats predisposed (August) or resistant (Wistar) to emotional stress]. 1523 64

Amino acids comprise the majority of the flavor compounds in soy sauce. A portion of these amino acids are formed from the biosynthesis and metabolism of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae; however, the metabolic pathways leading to the formation of these amino acids in A. oryzae remain largely unknown. We sequenced the transcriptomes of A. oryzae 100-8 and A. oryzae 3.042 under similar soy sauce fermentation conditions. 2D gel electrophoresis was also used to find some differences in protein expression. We found that many amino acid hydrolases (endopeptidases, aminopeptidases, and X-pro-dipeptidyl aminopeptidase) were expressed at much higher levels (mostly greater than double) in A. oryzae 100-8 than in A. oryzae 3.042. Our results indicated that glutamate dehydrogenase may activate the metabolism of amino acids. We also found that the expression levels of some genes changed simultaneously in the metabolic pathways of tyrosine and leucine and that these conserved genes may modulate the function of the metabolic pathway. Such variation in the metabolic pathways of amino acids is important as it can significantly alter the flavor of fermented soy sauce.
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PMID:Transcriptome and Proteome Expression Analysis of the Metabolism of Amino Acids by the Fungus Aspergillus oryzae in Fermented Soy Sauce. 2594 35


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