Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.4.1.2 (glutamate dehydrogenase)
 4,380 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human giardiasis, the gastrointestinal infection caused by two genetically different groups (or assemblages) of Giardia duodenalis, is very common worldwide, and its prevalence is higher in developing countries. However, few surveys in these regions have been performed to include a genetic characterization of the parasite, which is necessary to unravel the complex epidemiology of the infection. In this work, we screened 120 faecal samples collected from Sahrawi children in 2003-2005, and found 41 (34.2%) of them to be positive, using immunofluorescent microscopy, for the presence of G. duodenalis cysts. Molecular characterization of the isolates was performed by RFLP and/or sequence analysis of the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes. The results disclosed an unexpectedly high genetic polymorphism among isolates of both assemblages A and B, and a large percentage of the sequences (50% for the tpi gene, and 90% for the gdh gene) from assemblage B isolates characterized by the presence of overlapping nucleotide peaks at specific positions in the chromatograms, which can be attributed to mixed infections or to allelic sequence heterozygosity of single cysts. Notably, this phenomenon was not observed in sequences from assemblage A isolates. These results suggest that the genetic structure is different in isolates of assemblages A and B.
 ...
PMID:High genetic polymorphism among Giardia duodenalis isolates from Sahrawi children. 1947 74

Giardiasis is a common gastrointestinal infection of humans and animals with a worldwide distribution. Eight genetic groups (known as assemblages A to H) are currently recognised within the species complex of Giardia duodenalis (Lambl, 1859), of which assemblages A and B are responsible for infection of humans and other mammalian hosts. Genotyping data on giardiasis are not available from Slovenia. In this work, we have characterised isolates of G. duodenalis from 85 human symptomatic cases collected during 2002-2013. Genomic DNAs were first tested by a real-time (rt) PCR assay and then by conventional PCR at three loci (beta-giardin, bg; triose phosphate isomerase, tpi; and glutamate dehydrogenase, gdh). We found that the threshold cycle (Ct) values in rt-PCR testing were higher for samples collected during 2002-2005 and that this was paralleled by a low amplification rate in conventional PCR (6 of 32, i.e. 19%). In contrast, lower Ct values and higher amplification rate (45 of 53; 85%) were observed for samples collected during 2006-2013, suggesting an adverse effect of prolonged freezing of stools. Assemblages A and B were found with an almost identical frequency in the 51 genotyped samples. In agreement with previous studies, sequences from assemblage B isolates were characterised by larger genetic variability and by the presence of heterogeneous positions, which made assignment to specific genotypes difficult. Less variability was observed in sequences from assemblage A isolates, which belonged to the human-specific subassemblage AII. These data showed that the genotypes of G. duodenalis that circulate in humans in Slovenia are similar to those previously identified in Europe.
...
PMID:Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis (Lambl, 1859) from symptomatic human infections in Slovenia. 2658 Aug 3