Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.4.1.2 (glutamate dehydrogenase)
 4,380 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood parameters, feed intake and milk yield were determined in 53 cows with a left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) on the day of surgery (ds; laparotomy and omentopexy) and during the following four days (d1-d4). Using histological methods severe (group SF), moderate (group MF) or no/mild (group NF) fatty liver was found in 32%, 40% and 28% of the patients, respectively. Moderate and severe fatty liver were found almost exclusively in cows in the first three weeks post partum. Post surgery, feed intake and daily milk yield increased steadily in cows of the NF- and MF-group; in cows suffering from severe fatty liver feed intake remained low (p < 0.05). On ds, mean serum levels of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and glutamic dehydrogenase (GLDH) in SF-cows were significantly (p < 0.05) higher and values of cholesterol significantly lower (p < 0.05) as compared to the NF- and MF-group; no significant differences were found between the groups in mean serum glucose concentrations. In the four day period following surgery, in all groups mean serum levels of ASAT, GGT, GLDH and cholesterol remained nearly unchanged, whereas total bilirubin, NEFA, BHB and glucose decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Apart from LDA, 55% of the patients were suffering from mastitis, endometritis or lameness. Within three weeks post surgery, 3 cows of the SF-group and 1 cow of the MF-group developed recumbency and liver coma, and were culled for that reason. In conclusion, post surgical convalescence of cows with LDA is clearly related to disturbances of energy metabolism and fatty liver. Therefore, successful treatment of cows suffering from LDA requires the effective treatment of excessive lipomobilization, ketosis and fatty liver along with the immediate surgical correction of LDA.
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PMID:Post surgical convalescence of dairy cows with left abomasal displacement in relation to fatty liver. 876 92

The purpose of this investigation was to study the metabolic situation in clinical cases of bovine ketosis and to diagnose additional diseases. Extensive clinical examination, clinical biochemistry, haematology and fine-needle aspiration biopsy of liver was performed on 17 ketotic and eight control dairy cows in the field, and on seven hospitalized hyperketonaemic fatty liver patients. Additional findings in the ketotic group were heat (n = 7), indigestion (n = 5), endometritis (n = 2), cystic ovaries (n = 1), and mastitis (n = 1), and in the fatty liver group displaced abomasum (n = 4), abomasal ulcers (n = 3), mastitis (n = 2), laminitis (n = 1), bronchopneumonia (n = 1), and hypomagnesaemia (n = 2). There were no additional findings in the control group. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) were elevated in the ketosis and fatty liver groups. Total bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GD) were elevated in the fatty liver group and in some animals in the ketosis group. Total bile acid was not different between the groups. The free fatty acid/cholesterol ratio was higher in the fatty liver group compared with the control and ketosis groups. There was no or only slight fatty degeneration of the liver cells in the control and ketosis groups. Glucose and insulin preinjection concentrations and changes from basal values after glucagon injection were significantly lower in the ketosis group if compared with the control group. The responses in the fatty liver animals after glucagon injection were more heterogeneous than in the control and ketosis animals, a sign of disturbance in the metabolic adaptation, which together with high free fatty acid (FFA) levels can lead to fatty liver in cows with concurrent diseases.
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PMID:Glucose and insulin responses to glucagon injection in dairy cows with ketosis and fatty liver. 946 72

Individual risk factors for clinical mastitis within the first month of lactation (early clinical mastitis, ECM) were analyzed in 695 Holstein multiparous cows (561 ECM- and 134 ECM+) which were clinical mastitis-free during the previous lactation. They belonged to 44 herds from the French Brittany region and were surveyed for 4 years. Individual biological parameter levels during the last 2 months of gestation, production of the preceding lactation and calving conditions and health were the available explanatory variables. The construction and explanation model used multiple logistic regression run with herd as a fixed effect. High precalving plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase (p < 0.01) and low glutamate dehydrogenase (p < 0.05) activities, high 305-day previous-lactation milk yield (p < 0.001) and milk protein content at the last milk-test day before drying-off (p < 0.01) were the significant risk factors for ECM occurrence. Intensive production and unsatisfactory dietary conditions (energy and antioxidants) would increase ECM risk in the dairy cow. Further studies should be conducted to determine if metabolic and/or genetic factors could explain the relationship between ceruloplasmin and subsequent ECM occurrence.
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PMID:Biological predictors for early clinical mastitis occurrence in Holstein cows under field conditions in France. 963 78