Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.3.99.3 (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase)
 1,425 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a previous paper, we demonstrated that the reductive half-reaction of medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), utilizing octanoyl-CoA as physiological substrate, generates two (kinetically distinct) forms of the reduced enzyme (MCAD-FADH2) - octenoyl-CoA charge-transfer complexes [Kumar, N.R., & Srivastava, D.K. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 8833-8841]. We present evidence that octenoyl-CoA dissociates from the second (most stable) charge-transfer complex (referred to as CT2) via two alternative ("facile" and "restricted") pathways. The dissociation of octenoyl-CoA via the facile pathway involves the reversal of the overall reductive half-reaction of the enzyme, generating MCAD-FAD - octanoyl-CoA as the Michaelis complex, followed by dissociation of the latter complex into MCAD-FAD + octanoyl-CoA. Hence, via this pathway, octenoyl-CoA is released from the enzyme site in the form of octanoyl-CoA. In contrast, the restricted pathway involves a direct (albeit slow) dissociation of octenoyl-CoA from CT2 to yield MCAD-FADH2 + octenoyl-CoA. The kinetic profile for the dissociation of octenoyl-CoA via the restricted pathway matches the rate of oxidation of the reduced flavin (within CT2) by O2. This suggests that the oxidase activity of the enzyme remains suppressed as long as the reduced enzyme predominates in the form of the charge-transfer complex(es). The oxidase activity of the enzyme emerges concomitantly with the conversion of CT2 to the MCAD-FADH2 - octenoyl-CoA Michaelis complex. The energetic basis for the dissociation of octenoyl-CoA via the facile and restricted pathways and the mechanism of suppression of the oxidase activity of the enzyme are discussed.
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PMID:Facile and restricted pathways for the dissociation of octenoyl-CoA from the medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)-FADH2-octenoyl-CoA charge-transfer complex: energetics and mechanism of suppression of the enzyme's oxidase activity. 762 13

We have investigated the medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD)-catalyzed reaction via rapid-scanning stopped-flow (RSSF) UV/vis spectroscopy, combined with the single-wavelength stopped-flow technique, utilizing 3-indolepropionyl-CoA (IPCoA) and trans-3-indoleacryloyl-CoA (IACoA) as chromophoric pseudosubstrates. The RSSF spectral data reveal that formation of an intermediary species with an absorbance maximum at 400 nm and a broad charge-transfer band around 600 nm accompanies the reduction of MCAD-FAD by IPCoA. In the presence of high concentrations of enzyme ([MCAD] >> [IPCoA]) the intermediary spectral band at 400 nm remains unperturbed, whereas in the presence of low concentrations of enzyme ([MCAD] << [IPCoA]) it slowly shifts to an absorption band with an absorbance maximum at 370 nm. Appearance and disappearance of this intermediary species coincides with the appearance and disappearance of the charge-transfer band. Single-wavelength stopped-flow studies, performed under similar high and low enzyme conditions, were consistent with one (1/tau 1) and two (1/tau 1 > 1/tau 2) relaxation rate constants, respectively. These findings, combined with relaxation studies performed in the reverse directions as well as substrate and product binding studies with the oxidized and reduced forms of the enzyme, have allowed us to conclude the following: (1) the intermediary species possesses the properties of reduced flavin and highly conjugated reaction product IACoA (absorbance maximum = 400 nm); (2) this intermediary species collapses into an MCAD-FADH2-IACoA complex (absorbance maximum = 370 nm) in the presence of excessive concentrations of IPCoA; the collapse is being driven by the competitive binding of IPCoA with the reduced form of the enzyme; (3) the 400-nm absorption band and the charge-transfer band are given by the same intermediary species formed during the enzyme-catalyzed reaction pathway. The role of protein conformational changes in modulating the substrate/product structures during the MCAD-catalyzed reaction is discussed.
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PMID:Detection and identification of a chromophoric intermediate during the medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-catalyzed reaction via rapid-scanning UV/visible spectroscopy. 826 94