Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.99.3 (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase)
 1,425 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The beta-oxidation of valproic acid (2-propylpentanoic acid), an anticonvulsant drug with hepatotoxic side effects, was studied with subcellular fractions of rat liver and with purified enzymes of beta-oxidation. 2-Propyl-2-pentenoyl-CoA, a presumed intermediate in the beta-oxidation of valproic acid, was chemically synthesized and used to demonstrate that enoyl-CoA hydratase or crotonase catalyzes its hydration to 3-hydroxy-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA. The latter compound was not acted upon by soluble L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases from mitochondria or peroxisomes but was dehydrogenated by an NAD(+)-dependent dehydrogenase associated with a mitochondrial membrane fraction. The product of the dehydrogenation, presumably 3-keto-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA, was further characterized by fast bombardment mass spectrometry. 3-Keto-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA was not cleaved thiolytically by 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase or a mitochondrial extract but was slowly degraded, most likely by hydrolysis. The availability of 2-propylpentanoyl-CoA (valproyl-CoA) and its beta-oxidation metabolites facilitated a study of valproate metabolism in coupled rat liver mitochondria. Mitochondrial metabolites identified by high-performance liquid chromatography were 2-propylpentanoyl-CoA, 3-keto-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA, 2-propyl-2-pentenoyl- CoA, and trace amounts of 3-hydroxy-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA. It is concluded that valproic acid enters mitochondria where it is converted to 2-propylpentanoyl-CoA, dehydrogenated to 2-propyl-2-pentenoyl-CoA by 2-methyl-branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and hydrated by enoyl-CoA hydratase to 3-hydroxy-2-propylpentanoyl-CoA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Mitochondrial metabolism of valproic acid. 198 37

A 3-year-old boy receiving valproate for 1.5 months presented with sudden-onset unprovoked seizures and unconsciousness. Hypoketotic hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, and deranged liver function were detected. Elevated medium-chain urinary acylglycines and plasma acylcarnitine were detected. His serum valproate level was elevated. Valproate toxicity had been precipitated in presence of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging brain indicated unilateral basal ganglia ischemia instead of the bilateral changes expected in metabolic disease.
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PMID:Rare magnetic resonance imaging findings in medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. 2182 73