Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A quantitative histochemical study was carried out on axial musculature of Noemacheilus barbatulus L. On the basis of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and myofibrillar ATP-ase activity, 5 types of muscle fibers are described. When the SDH method was used, red, tonic, intermediate, and white muscle fibers were easily observed. However, histochemical reaction for myofibrillar ATP-ase activity, after alkaline preincubation (pH = 10.4), revealed another type of fiber zone laying between the intermediate and white muscle fiber regions and forming a transitional zone. Electron microscopic observation showed significant differences in sarcomere organization and thickness of myosin filaments of the various muscle fiber types.
 ...
PMID:Histochemical and electronmicroscopical analysis of muscle fiber in myotomes of teleost fish (Noemacheilus barbatulus L.). 315 69

The contractile properties, morphology, and the distribution of striated muscle fiber types of the external and sphincter (EAS) were determined using axial force measurements, fiber size cross-sectional area measurements, and histochemistry. Electrical stimulation of motor axons in pudendal nerve at supramaximal intensities (10 V, 0.05 ms duration) elicited twitch contractions of EAS. The time to peak force after a single pulse ranged from 37 to 42 ms. The time for relaxation to half-maximal twitch force ranged from 20 to 29 ms. Repetitive stimulation of motor axons (0.1-3.0 Hz) produced potentiation and fatigue of single twitch contractile force, suggesting that the EAS of the cat is comprised predominantly of fast-twitch muscle fibers. Confirmation of skeletal muscle fiber types was determined by histochemistry. Frozen serial cross sections of EAS were incubated to demonstrate succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and myosin adenosine triphosphatase after alkaline preincubation (pH 10.4). Based on these reactions, muscle fibers were classified as fast glycolytic (FG) (high ATPase, low SDH), fast oxidative-glycolytic (FOG) (high ATPase, high SDH), and slow oxidative (SO) (low ATPase, high SDH). The mean percentage +/- SE of each histochemical type was the following: FG, 73.5 +/- 3.9; FOG, 22.8 +/- 3.7; and SO, 3.7 +/- 0.6. These results indicate that the predominant fiber type for the EAS is FG. The EAS of the cat is considered a nominally fast-twitch muscle.
 ...
PMID:Physiological, morphological, and histochemical properties of cat external anal sphincter. 320 71

Regions within frog semitendinosus muscle that are rich in tonic muscle cells were identified histochemically by myosin adenosine triphosphatase- and succinic dehydrogenase-staining procedures. Bundles of cells still attached to tendinous insertions were removed from those sites, prepared for electron microscopy and sectioned longitudinally through their myotendinous junctions. Tonic cells were identified by electron-microscopic criteria and their myotendinous junctions' morphology evaluated by morphometry. Although junctional components appear identical to those in twitch cells, the degree of membrane folding increases tonic junction area by a factor of 50.2 whereas twitch cells' junctional area is increased 22.2 times by folding relative to cells terminating as right circular cylinders. Calculations show that the tonic cell junction bears average loads of 3.4 X 10(3) N X m-2 during maximum force generation and that nearly all of the load is borne as shear stress at the junction. The junctions of twitch cells bear average loads of 1.6 X 10(4) N X m-2 during peak tension. The findings indicate that the magnitude of loading does not alone determine the degree of junctional membrane folding. Interpretation of the data in view of viscoelastic behavior of membranes indicates that duration of loading may be a functionally important correlate to degree of membrane folding at myotendinous junctions.
 ...
PMID:Myotendinous junctions of tonic muscle cells: structure and loading. 348 10

Myosin ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase activity and fast myosin (indirect immunochemical test) were assayed in m. soleus of guinea-pigs after the administration of T4 (200 micrograms/kg) to animals every day for 3 weeks. This was followed by the application of 10 mM colchicine solution to sciatic nerve for 6 min. Fast muscle fibers and the line of precipitation with antiserum to fast myosin were revealed in soleus muscle of experimental animals after the application of colchicine and T4 injection.
 ...
PMID:[Effect of hormonal and neurotrophic factors on the expression of fast myosin in slow muscle]. 377 67

Quantitative microphotometric measurements of two mitochondrial flavoproteins, glycerolphosphate oxidase (GP-OX) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), were performed on serial sections of mouse and rabbit tibialis anterior (TA) muscles in order to study the distribution of these two enzymes and their activity ratios in IIA and IIB fibres. The measurements showed a large scatter of the two enzyme activities in these two myosin-based fibre types. In rabbit TA, IIA and IIB fibres have similar GP-OX activities, whereas generally IIA fibres have higher SDH activities than IIB fibres. An inverse distribution of the two enzymes exists in mouse muscle. Generally, IIA fibres of mouse TA display low SDH and IIB fibres high SDH activities. The mean activity of GP-OX is slightly higher in IIA than in IIB fibres of mouse TA. Since measurements of both enzymes were taken in the same fibres, the ratio of their activities in each fibre could be evaluated. The SDH/GP-OX activity ratios vary significantly between the two fibre populations both in rabbit and in mouse. The ratio is high in IIA and low in IIB fibres of rabbit TA, whereas it is low in IIA and high in IIB fibres of mouse TA.
 ...
PMID:Glycerolphosphate oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase activities in IIA and IIB fibres of mouse and rabbit tibialis anterior muscles. 623 78

In this paper enzyme activities in cylindric structures from striated muscle fibers of the beige mutant mouse are described. While most of the sarcoplasm possesses a reaction for myosin and sarcoplasmic reticular ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase, and lactic dehydrogenase similar to that described for normal non-mutant mice, the cylinders are totally free from activity of these enzymes. The staining pattern thus resembles earlier reports of the central core disease in humans and suggests that the beige mouse is a suitable animal model for this myopathy.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme reactions in beige mouse muscle with central cores. 645 98

Skeletal limb muscles of the dog could generally be differentiated into three fibre types according to myosin adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) (pH 9.4) and succinic dehydrogenase activities. However, because this was not always possible, for comparative purposes only, division into low myosin ATPase (slow twitch) type I and high myosin ATPase (fast twitch) type II fibres was used. The percentage of these fibre types in m deltoideus, m triceps brachii caput longum, m vastus lateralis, m gluteus medius, m biceps femoris and m semitendinosus was examined in the greyhound, crossbred and foxhound. In all muscles the greyhound had a significantly higher percentage of fibres with high myosin ATPase activity at pH 9.4 than the other breeds, with almost 100 per cent in most muscles examined. The activities of nine enzymes and glycogen concentration were determined in m gluteus medius and m semitendinosus of the greyhound and crossbred. Significantly higher levels of creatine kinase, aldolase, alanine aminotransferase and citrate synthase and significantly lower activities of 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase and hexokinase were found in both muscles of the greyhound. The implications of these findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Skeletal muscle fibre composition in the dog and its relationship to athletic ability. 645 29

Chronic indirect stimulation (10 Hz) was performed on rabbit tibialis anterior muscle. Long-term stimulation (52-140 days) produced a transformation of the fast tibialis anterior into a slow red muscle as judged from the histochemistry of myofibrillar actomyosin ATPase, the pattern of myosin light chains and the thorough rearrangement of the enzyme activity pattern of energy metabolism. Activity levels of citrate synthetase (CS), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined quantitatively by either microbiochemical assays (CS, MDH, HAD and LDH) on microdissected, single fibres or by kinetic microphotometry on cross-sectioned fibres (SDH). The activity profiles of these enzymes displayed pronounced scattering in the fibre population of the unstimulated muscle. Despite a several fold increase in the activities of CS, MDH, SDH and HAD and a pronounced decrease in LDH, chronic stimulation failed to abolish the metabolic heterogeneity of the fibre population. It is possible that chronic indirect stimulation cannot produce uniformity of fibres because of continuing diverse natural activity of the motor units.
 ...
PMID:Effects of chronic stimulation on the metabolic heterogeneity of the fibre population in rabbit tibialis anterior muscle. 674 46

The force produced by a maximum voluntary isometric contraction of the knee-extensor muscles was measured in a group of fifteen healthy young male volunteers. All subjects were untrained at the time of the study. The cross-sectional area of the knee-extensor muscles was measured at the mid-thigh level using computed tomography. Skeletal muscle samples were obtained by needle biopsy from the mid-point of m. vastus lateralis of the stronger leg of each subject. Samples were mounted, frozen and sectioned for histochemical analysis. On the basis of the pH dependent lability of the myosin ATP-ase reaction, fibres were classified as Type I, Type IIA or Type II B. Using computerized planimetry, muscle fibre cross-sectional areas were measured on serial sections stained for succinate dehydrogenase activity. As previously described, muscle strength (maximum voluntary contraction) was correlated with the muscle cross-sectional area (r = 0.70, P less than 0.01). The ratio of strength (in N) to cross-sectional area (in cm2) was 8.92 +/- 1.01 (mean +/- S.D.) with a wide range of values, from 7.09 to 10.85. Muscle fibre composition of m. vastus lateralis in these subjects was 46.1 +/- 10.5% Type I, 42.8 +/- 11.4% Type IIA and 11.1 +/- 9.7% Type IIB. After correction for differences in the cross-sectional areas of the different fibre types, the proportions of total area occupied by the different fibre types were: 43.6 +/- 11.9% Type I, 46.4 +/- 13.1% Type IIA and 10.0 +/- 9.1% Type IIB. No relationship was observed to exist between muscle strength and muscle fibre composition. Similarly, the muscle strength/cross-sectional area ratio was not related to the proportions of the different fibre types present or to the fraction of the total cross-sectional area occupied by the different fibre types. From the results it can be concluded that there is no difference in the force per unit area which can be generated by the different muscle fibre types present in human skeletal muscle. Variations in muscle fibre composition between individuals cannot, therefore, account for the large variations observed in the ratio of strength to muscle cross-sectional area.
 ...
PMID:The influence of variations in muscle fibre composition on muscle strength and cross-sectional area in untrained males. 674 68

Based on Harvard criteria findings, comparative morphological investigation on postmortem heart muscle biopsy following coronary insufficiency after sudden cardiac death have been reported. The subendothelial layer of the left ventricular wall has revealed a severe interstitial edema, various types of actin-myosin filamental destruction, mitochondrial damage, and disseminated muscle fiber necrosis. One of the first alterations observed was the change in transmembrane calcium and intracellular calcium metabolism. A decrease in succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity was discovered early.
 ...
PMID:Comparative electron-microscopic investigation of postmortem human heart muscle biopsy. 683 39


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>