Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Histochemical and histoenzymatic features of the adrenal medulla were studied 60 days after the end of an exposure to detergents. The findings obtained, point to an increase in the quantity of nucleic acids, and an intensified activity of nonspecific esterases as well as the cytochrome oxidase in rats maintained in a detergent manufacturing plant. The activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase was reduced in the control animals, as well as the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and isoenzyme "S" lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of isoenzyme "F" lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase is greater in the group which had been exposed to detergent influence. An active engagement of medullocytes is emphasized at this term of the experiment. The agent applied elicits a disturbance in the metabolism of glucose and a number of other substances. The author is of the opinion that an altered and stimulated synthesis and secretion of catecholamines takes place in the adrenal medullocytes under the experimental conditions which were investigated. The neuroendocrine system has been engaged in a series of processes which had been studied.
 ...
PMID:[Histoenzymatic characteristics of the adrenal medulla 60 days after ending exposure to detergents]. 207 70

The neurochemical changes induced by malathion, an organophosphate compound, were determined in rats. Maximal changes were found in the brain 2 h after the administration of malathion in a dose of 500 mg/kg ip. The activities of cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase were reduced whereas those of glycogen phosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, and hexokinase were increased; the lactate content of brain was also increase. In malathion treated adrenalectomized animals, changes in the activities of cerebral cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase were still present; other changes were, however, abolished by adrenalectomy. Activities of certain enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase were not significantly altered by malathion in normal or adrenalectomized animals. The results indicate that cerebral cholinergic mechanism in malathion treated animals was not modified by adrenalectomy which, however, abolished or reduced changes in the activities of certain glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes that are involved in the utilization or metabolism of glucose. The brain lactate content in malathion treated adrenalectomized animals was, also, not significantly different from the control values, suggesting that modification of induced changes by adrenalectomy.
 ...
PMID:Modification of malathion induced neurochemical changes by adrenalectomy in rats. 209 80

Chronic infection of woodchucks with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) was associated with the development of hepatitis, foci of altered hepatocytes and hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. The cytomorphological and cytochemical analysis permitted the identification of three different types of focal lesions; namely, glycogen-storage foci, mixed-cell foci and intermediate-cell foci, each showing a characteristic pattern. The cells of the glycogen-storage foci had clear to acidophilic cytoplasm, and were overloaded with glycogen. They showed a marked elevation in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH), increased activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), reduction in the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (PHO), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and adenyl cyclase (ADC), and unchanged activity of glycogen synthase (SYN) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The mixed-cell foci mainly consisted of basophilic cells poor in glycogen, but were intermingled with cells containing glycogen. These foci were characterized by a marked decrease in activity of PHO, SYN, G6Pase, G6PDH, ATPase and ADC, and increased activity of GGT, SDH, MDH and GAPDH. The intermediate-cell foci consisted of cells with both basophilic and glycogenotic cytoplasmic compartments, and showed a similar enzyme histochemical profile to the mixed-cell foci, with slight differences in the degree of elevation or reduction of some enzymes. The phenotypic similarities and the close spatial relationship between the foci of altered hepatocytes, and the hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in WHV-infected woodchucks, suggest that these lesions are preneoplastic. The focal morphological and metabolic aberrations emerging during hepatocarcinogenesis in WHV-infected woodchuck, are in principle similar to those identified in the course of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in various species. The focal metabolic aberrations apparently represent a general biological response of the liver parenchyma to oncogenic agents and are closely linked to neoplastic transformation of the hepatocytes.
 ...
PMID:Phenotypic patterns of preneoplastic and neoplastic hepatic lesions in woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus. 215 41

The activity of human myocardial enzymes in sudden coronary death (SCD) was quantitatively histochemically examined. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta-oxybutyrate dehydrogenase (beta-OBDH), alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH), NAD-diaphorase (NAD-ase), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) was measured on prompt autopsies (up to 3 hours of death onset). beta-OBDH and LDH showed an increase in activity in the myocardium from the subjects who had suddenly died from coronary heart disease without evident changes in the heart. In SCD in the presence of small cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes characterizing the major processes of energy generation was also enhanced, which was caused by moderately severe myocardial hypertrophy. In the myocardium from the subjects who had died from coronary heart disease in the presence of large postinfarction cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes was directly related to the degree of myocardial hypertrophy and the signs of chronic heart failure. As myocardial hypertrophy progressed, the enzymatic activity rose, but there were signs of chronic heart failure, it fell. The findings suggest that the changes in myocardial enzymatic activity in SCD are heterogeneous and associated with the type of prior abnormalities in the cardiovascular system.
 ...
PMID:[Disorders of myocardial metabolism in sudden coronary death in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis: findings of quantitative histoenzymologic studies]. 221 37

Histochemical profiles were made of identified spinal motoneurons from normal adult zebrafish and from animals subjected to cordotomy or unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves. The lesions caused an increase of the myotomal area with oxidative muscle fibers. We studied the question: do changes in the myotomal muscle configuration concur with changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of innervating motoneurons? Based on the location and size of cell somata, two categories of motoneurons are distinguished: large white (W) motoneurons that innervate the deep fast, glycolytic muscle fibers, and smaller red and intermediate (RI) motoneurons that innervate the superficial slow oxidative and intermediate muscle fibers. In normal animals, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity. W and RI motoneurons show similar nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase activity. Short- (2 weeks) and long- (8 weeks) term effects of lesions were studied. The results show that: (1) the 3 types of lesions lead to prolonged changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of spinal motoneurons. The type of change depends on the type of lesion and on the type of motoneuron; (2) unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves affects the histochemical characteristics of spinal motoneurons and the myotomal muscle fiber type configuration on the ipsi- and contralateral side. The contralateral effects are conceived as adaptations to maintain a left-right symmetry in the motor output.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme histochemical profiles of fish spinal motoneurons after cordotomy and axotomy of motor nerves. 228 25

The depletion of proteoglycans (PGs), induced by a single intravenous injection of papain, is a useful model for studying the response of chondrocytes in vivo to injury. The present study concentrated on the activity of enzymes related to the synthesis of PGs, either directly, with uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD), or indirectly, through the general oxidative metabolism of the chondrocytes. Most of the enzymes showed diminished activity on day 2; in some, there was little change in activity, whereas in others there was marked increase in activity over the following days. Thus, on day 9 the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were twice the original (day 0) values, and those of succinate dehydrogenase and of UDPGD were one and a half times greater than the original activities. Such increased enzymatic activity preceded the increase in PG content, which by day 14 reached up to 80% of the initial value. Both the increased activity and the replenishment of the PG content were inhibited when hydrocortisone (10 mg/kg) was injected.
 ...
PMID:Altered chondrocytic oxidative metabolism during the restoration of depleted intercellular matrix. 237 15

Sertoli cells and peritubular fibroblasts were collected from sexually mature Wistar rats and incubated by themselves (ASC) or in co-culture (AS/PC) for ten days with or without follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Freshly collected cells and those of the ASC and AS/PC cultures were processed for histochemical detection of three esterases and four dehydrogenases. The relative staining intensities of azo dye and formazan reaction products were recorded for the cell cultures, co-cultures and appropriate controls. Freshly collected Sertoli cells stained heavily for lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), non-specific esterase (Est.) and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-OLDH). For Sertoli cells alone in culture (ASC) there was a marked decline of enzyme reaction product deposition/cell for LDH and Est. and absence of cellular staining for SDH, G-G-PDH, B-Est. and 3 beta-OLDH. The addition of FSH did not change this histochemical staining pattern for the adult cells in vitro. The presence of peritubular cells in adult Sertoli cell cultures (AS/PC) resulted in the maintenance of metabolic enzyme staining (i.e., LDH, SDH, G-6-PDH and Est.) in Sertoli cells, minimal staining for B-Est., but absence of detectable enzyme reaction product for 3 beta-OLDH. Sertoli cells co-cultured with other fibroblasts or in medium pre-conditioned with peritubular cells but not containing them stained minimally for LDH and Est. and did not generate reaction product for any of the other enzymes. The addition of FSH to the AS/PT co-culture as in the ASC cultures did not affect the enzyme histochemical staining profile of Sertoli cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Selected enzyme histochemistry of Sertoli cells. 2. Adult rat Sertoli cells in co-culture with peritubular fibroblasts. 240 3

The effect of concurrent low protein (8% casein) diet and lead (Pb) exposure (1 mg/ml lead acetate in drinking water) on testes of weaned rats up to 90 days of age was investigated Histopathological examination of testes of lead treated rats maintained on low protein diet revealed marked pathological changes associated with greatly reduced succinic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase activity as revealed histochemically compared to lead treated rats fed normal protein diet. It was concluded that higher accumulation of lead may be responsible for altering the enzyme levels and inducing the testicular degeneration to a greater extent in low protein fed rats compared to their counterpart controls.
 ...
PMID:Lead induced testicular changes in protein malnourished rats. 250 Mar 71

A histochemical analysis of reaction rates of a series of enzymes was performed in electromotor neurons of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. These neurons were selected because of their functional homogeneity. The high metabolic activity of these cells as well as their large size facilitate cytophotometric analysis in cryostat sections. Sections were incubated for the activity of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NADPH dehydrogenase, NADPH ferrihaemoprotein reductase and beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. All media contained polyvinyl alcohol as tissue stabilizer and Nitro BT as final electron acceptor. Measurements were performed with a Vickers M85a cytophotometer. Linear relationships between the specific formation of formazan (test minus control reaction) and incubation time were obtained for all enzymes although some reactions showed an initial lag phase or an intercept with the ordinate. The relatively high activities of hexokinase, succinate dehydrogenase and the extremely low activity of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase indicate that energy is mainly supplied by glycolysis. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed a high activity whereas NADPH reductase and dehydrogenase activity were low in electromotor neurons, indicating that the NADPH generated is largely used for biosynthesis. Despite their synchronous firing pattern activity, electromotor neurons showed a considerable heterogeneity with respect to their metabolic activity.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme reaction rate studies in electromotor neurons of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. 251 71

Male, Balb/c mice were fed diets containing dieldrin (10 ppm) and DDT (100-175 ppm) for 75 weeks. Control and treated mice were serially killed and their livers analyzed by histological and histochemical procedures after 2, 4, 8, 16, 36, 52 and 75 weeks of exposure. Mice administered both chlorinated hydrocarbons initially responded with centrolobular hepatocytomegaly. The cells were characterized by decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. At later periods 52 through 75 weeks, foci of phenotypically-altered hepatocytes were noted. The cells of these lesions were basophilic or clear-staining in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and displayed increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity. In mice preloaded with iron dextran, cells of foci were negative for iron when the surrounding parenchyma was siderotic. Hepatocellular adenomas (HA) and carcinomas (HPC) were composed of cells with increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. In iron loaded mice, the cells of HA and HPC did not stain for iron in otherwise siderotic surroundings. Both hepatocellular foci and adenomas may be potential precursors of mouse hepatocellular carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Histogenesis of dieldrin and DDT-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice. 256 34


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>