Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of the Na+--K+-ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH/, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH/ and glucose-6-phosphat dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH/ were studied in the cortex outer and inner medulla of the kidneys of rats with spontaneous hypertension (SHR) and were compared with those of control normotensive Wistar rats. The SHR aged 6--8 weeks had durint the prehypertensive and the early hypertensive stage the same enzymatic activities as control rats. Rats with a steady SH aged 16-22 weeks had low specific activity of the, Na+--K+-ATPase, SDH and LDH in the outer medulla. The latter can be associated with decreased intensity of the energy metabolism and a reduction of the active sodium transport in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the SHR rats and cold cause the phenomenon of exaggerated natriuresis characteristic of hypertension.
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PMID:[Na+--K+-adenosine triphosphatase and some oxidoreductases in the kidney of rats with spontaneous hypertension]. 12 6

The histochemical and ultrastructural effects of extracorporeal circulation and aortic cross-clamping during coronary heart surgery have been examined in drill biopsy samples of the left ventricle in 22 patients. The biopsies were obtained before and after bypass with a DeSoutter drill. Histochemical studies indicated definite differences between control and experimental biopsies, with increased succinic dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, and LDH activity, while phosphorylase A and myosin ATPase activities declined. Furthermore, free phospholipid levels increased, as determined by the acid hematein reaction. Ultrastructural examination demonstrated loss of glycogen, intracellular swelling, and mitochondrial damage, which included loss of matrix density, loss of cristae, and eventual disruption in the postbypass biopsy. These results, which closely resemble the effects of ischemia and reperfusion observed in animal experiments, suggest that the initial insult is a change in membrane permeability regulation.
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PMID:Histochemical and structural changes in human myocardial cells after cardiopulmonary bypass. 16 88

(1) The histochemical staining pattern of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) does not show unequivocal differentiation between the type I red and type II red fibres in mammalian striated muscles. (2) Since high biochemical activity of beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (beta-HOBDH) occurs in mitochondria of the type I red fibres, the histochemical localization of this enzyme may show a pattern of staining reciprocal to that seen for myofibrillar ATPase. (3) It remains to be confirmed that the type I red fibres, which are possibly slow-twitch physiologically, possess the highest concentration of myoglobin. The histochemical correlation of myoglobin and myofibrillar ATPase in serial sections should be studied. (4) In order to achieve a more realistic picture, various glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes should be incubated according to the gelatin film technique, or semipermeable membrane technique or collagen polypeptide technique. A histochemical correlation of phosphorylase, LDH, PFK, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, and myofibrillar ATPase in adjacent muscle sections may throw light on the histochemical characteristics of the different fibre-types. (5) The specific histochemical demonstration of AMPase is achieved following preincubation of tissue sections. (6) ADPase has been demonstrated by the calcium precipitation technique only (GUTH and YELLIN, 1971). A number of studies claim, however, that ADPase is not demonstrable histochemically in muscle fibres. (7) The presence of magnesium ions is a prerequisite for the adequate histochemical demonstration of mitochondrial ATPase. The latter is inhibited almost completely by 40 mM Ca++ (when Mg++ is not added) at both neutral and alkaline pH values. (8) The histochemical activity of SR-AT-Pase seen as continuous reticula but without punctuate and sub-sarcolemmal staining possibly represents the extra ATPase of SR. (9) On the basis of myofibrillar ATPase reaction, an inherent heterogeneity, between the type II red and type II white may be recognized. In addition, the above fibre-types possess their respective sub-populations. (10) Following diK+ EDTA preincubation, some type II red fibres show selective lability. These are the mitochondria-rich fibres. Thus in the total absence of both punctuate and subsarcolemmal staining, the presence of mitochondrial ATPase activity under the histochemical conditions for myofibrillar ATPase is unlikely. (11) The reaction pattern of CK/ATPase (coupled reaction) at pH 6.9 is distinctly intermyofibrillar and unlike SDH-pattern. This reticular reaction is associated mainly with the SR and hence the importance of transphosphorylation in this organelle for the Ca++ uptake and muscle relaxation. (12) The CK/ATPase reaction at pH8.0 has shown important histoenzymatic characteristics. At this pH value the type I red fibres and slow-twitch soleus show myofibrillar reaction pattern. This identical histochemical behaviour suggests that type I red fibres are possibly slow-contracting...
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PMID:Histochemical characteristics of vertebrate striated muscle: a review. 18 61

Characterization of the energy metabolism pattern of the specialized heart muscle of bovine heart was studied in comparison with that of the ordinary heart muscle. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption of the specialized heart muscle was significantly lower than that of the ordinary heart muscle with succinate as the substrate. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in oxygen consumption between both heart muscles with glutamate + malate as the substrates. The activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase were much lower than those of the ordinary heart muscle. The isozyme pattern of LDH of the specialized heart muscle consisted of one major component of LDH-1 (H4) and that of the ordinary heart muscle consisted of two major components of LDH-1 (H4) and LDH-2 (H3M). The ratio of NADH to NAD of the specialized heart muscle was remarkably lower than that of the ordinary heart muscle. These results indicate that the specialized heart muscle depends not only upon anaerobic metabolism but also upon aerobic metabolism for its energy supply.
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PMID:Characteristics of energy metabolism in specialized muscle of bovine heart. 20 90

Chronically alcoholized intoxication (1.5--2 months) induces adaptation of cerebral neurones to changing equilibrium states of biochemical processes by altering the activity of enzymes of GABA metabolism, reduction of alanine and aspartate transaminase activity and increase of LDH and succinate dehydrogenase activity. In the cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres during alcohol abstinacy the activity of GABA-T, succinate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase was reduced while that of LDH and alanine transaminase was increased. The administration of fusarinic acid (100 mg/kg i. p.) to control animals induced a sharp increase of GAD activity in both structures of the brain. The stimulatory effects of fusarinic acid were not observed when it was administered to animals receiving alcohol chronically. Motor activity or rats was markedly reduced during chronical alcoholism and the first days of alcohol abstinacy (24--48 h), as well as following injection fusarinic acid and homopantothenic acid. The increase of locomotion and the vertical component of motor activity was observed only following one week or one month after alcohol abstinacy.
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PMID:[Adaptive changes in brain metabolism during chronic alcoholic intoxication]. 57 38

The activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glycolytic enzymes were higher in the fetal myocardium of the guinea pig than at birth and fell progressively during the 1st mo of life. The alphaHBDH/LDH ratio of H to M subunits of lactate dehydrogenase, was low in the fetus and continued to rise during the 1st mo after birth. The distinction between the left and right ventricular activities of lactate dehydrogenase, which is clear in adult guinea pigs, was absent in the fetus and appeared during postnatal development. Glycogen phosphorylase activity was low in the fetus and at birth. The activities of beta-hydroxyacylcoenzyme A dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase were low in the fetus, but had reached, or even temporarily exceeded, normal adult levels at birth. Palmitylcarnitine transferase activity was also low in the fetal heart compared with the newborn but continued to increase substantially during the first 2 wk after birth.
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PMID:Myocardial enzyme activities in guinea pigs during development. 59 69

In a detailed study focused on the methodological problems in dehydrogenase histochemistry [e.g., fixation, diffusion of enzymes and of reduced inermediates, conversion of NADPH and NADP to NADH and NAD, respectively, penetration of tetrazolium salt and formazan substantivity, 'nothing dehydrogenase' reaction, use of exogenous CoQ10 and of flavoprotein substitute (PMS)], the distribution and activity of succinate dehydrogenase, NAD(P)H-tetrazolium reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase (H and M types), and of L-glutamate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.4.1.2 and E.C.1.4.1.3) have been investigated in the rat cerebellum. It was evident from the study that reliable results could only be obtained if all the aforementioned factors had been considered. The image of actual concentration of SDH in the neuropil of the molecular layer could only be recorded by adding CoQ10, while other structures exhibited greater balance between SDH and endogenous mitochondrial CoQ. Contrary to previous studies, a reversed localization of the activity of G-6-PDH and LDH was noticed. The elements of molecular and Purkinje layers were rich in G-6-PDH, while the granular layer was nearly depleted. The actual level of LDH could only be recorded if NADH-tetrazolium reductase was bypassed with PMS. The H and M types of LDH coexisted in the three cortical layers, the H type being prevalent and the M type attaining its highest level in synaptic glomeruli followed by the structures of the molecular layer and the Purkinje cells. High activity of GDH was noticed in Bergmann glia followed by synaptic glomeruli, while most other structures showed weak to moderate activity. The two GDH types coexisted in all structures showing activity, except for Bergmann cells, which only showed presence of the E.C. 1.4.1.3 type. Furthermore, Bergmann glia was exceptional by showing no activity of SDH and LDH, but strong activity of G-6-PDH and NADPH-tetrazolium reductase. The granular cells were exceptional by showing weak or no activity of all enzymes in question.
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PMID:Methodological aspects of the histochemical localization and activity of some cerebellar dehydrogenases. 66 87

Muscle biopsies were obtained from the gastrocnemius of 14 elite distance runners, 18 middle distance runners, and 19 untrained men. The middle distance runners were all highly trained, but had significantly slower performance times than the elite runners at distances greater than 3 miles. Fiber composition and mean cross-sectional areas were determined from muscle sections incubated for histochemical activity. A portion of the specimen was used to determine succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LD/Y and phosphorylase activities. All subjects were tested for maximal oxygen uptake on a treadmill. As previously demonstrated by others, the elite runners' muscles were characterized by a high percentage (79%) of slow twitch (ST) fibers. On the average, the crosssectional area of their ST fibers was found to be 22% larger than the FT fibers (P less than 0.05). SDH activity of whole muscle homogenates from elicte and middle distance runners was 3.4- and 2.8- fold greater, respectively, than that measured in the untrained men. Since the LDH and phosphorylase activities were similar for the runners and untrained men, it appears that training for distance running has little influence on the enzymes of glycogenolysis.
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PMID:Muscle fiber composition and enzyme activities of elite distance runners. 95 38

Ultrastructural and histochemical changes of skeletal muscle were studied in three patients affected with gas gangrene. There was complete lack of the phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase activities in the affected muscles of all the patients. In unaffected muscles these enzymes showed weaker activities than in norm. The lactate dehydrogenase activity, especially the heart type isozyme (LDH-1 or H4) proved less sensitive to the effect of clostridial toxin. A general increase in the acid phosphatase activity was found both in affected and in unaffected muscles. On electron microscopic examination damage to sarcolemmal membrane and disintegration of myofilaments was seen. The mitochondria were swollen and their cristae distorted and fragmented.
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PMID:Histochemical and electron microscopical studies of skeletal muscle affected by gas gangrene. 120 13

Light microscopy was used to study rat lungs. Some morphological and biochemical characteristics after single bleomycin intratracheal administration in a dose of 10 mg/kg were studied. Some metabolic changes in the alveolar epithelium and vascular endothelium were estimated quantitatively. The peculiar picture of acute toxic alveolitis in the early stage of the injury and the features of fibrotic alveolitis by the 30-60th day were observed. The LDH and succinate dehydrogenase activities in the alveolar epithelium increased by the 3-7th day and returned to normal by the 30th day. At the same time the PL content increased 2-fold by the 30-60th day. The lysolecithin, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine concentration increased on the 3-7th day and returned to normal level on the 14th day. The phosphatidylglicerol content decreased significantly by the 60th day.
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PMID:[The structural changes in the lungs and the phospholipids of the pulmonary surfactant in experimental bleomycin-induced pneumosclerosis in rats]. 172 57


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