Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mitochondrial enzymes and respiration were studied in the hearts of mice exposed to ethanol in utero from gestational Day 8 to parturition. This treatment had previously been shown by electron microscopy to result in myofibril loss and mitochondrial abnormalities. Ethanol was administered to pregnant mice by a liquid diet paradigm and pair-fed dams were used as controls. Ethanol exposure in utero reduced the activities of two mitochondrial inner membrane enzymes, cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase, in the hearts of perinatal mice. Secondly, mitochondrial respiration under both State 3 and 4 conditions with a NAD-linked substrate was depressed in the hearts obtained from the ethanol-exposed fetal mice. However, when a flavin-linked substrate was used, State 3 (ADP-stimulated) but not State 4 respiration was depressed. This study illustrates that in utero exposure to ethanol is deleterious to the functioning of cardiac mitochondria in newborn mice, which in turn could contribute to the development of the heart pathologies present in the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
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PMID:Cardiac mitochondrial abnormalities in a mouse model of the fetal alcohol syndrome. 289 3

The lead method for the histochemical demonstration of presumptive mitochondrial adenosinetriphosphatase was applied to biopsy and autopsy samples of the human vastus lateralis muscle. The effect of p-chloromercuribenzoate and of Triton X-100 was tested microdensitometrically and the activity of 'mitochondrial' ATPase was compared to the activity of enzymes of the oxidative metabolism succinic dehydrogenase and NAD-tetrazolium reductase. It is concluded that the ATPase activity displayed is not mainly mitochondrial. In autopsy material, it seems to be predominantly myofibrillar.
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PMID:The nonspecificity of the lead method for the histochemical demonstration of adenosine triphosphatases in human skeletal muscle fibres. 293 78

The morphology of the intestinal wall and the activity of certain mucosal enzyme systems in the course of neomycin treatment were evaluated. Conventional and, to study the role of the bacterial flora, germ-free rats received 500 mg neomycin daily by stomach tube. Rats were sacrificed after seven days and small intestine (proximal and distal part) together with segments of the colon were removed and prepared for histochemistry. The colon and proximal small intestine of untreated conventional and germ-free animals did not show appreciable differences in staining activity after treatment with neomycin. Neomycin diminished both in normal and germ-free rats the activity of NAD tetrazolium reductase, succinate dehydrogenase, esterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in the distal small intestine. The findings of this study indicate that explanations for the beneficial effects of neomycin on hyperammonemia in liver disease should not only include the bactericidal action of neomycin but also its influence on absorption and metabolic functions of the mucosal cells.
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PMID:Morphological effects of high dose neomycin sulphate on the small and large intestine. 296 22

The activities of the mitochondrial enzymes citrate synthase (citrate oxaloacetatelyase, EC 4.1.3.7), NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (threo-Ds-isocitrate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.1.1.42), and succinate dehydrogenase (succinate: FAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.3.99.1) as well as their kinetic behavior in the two developmental forms of Trypanosoma cruzi at insect vector stage, epimastigotes and infective metacyclic trypomastigotes, were studied. The results presented in this work clearly demonstrate a higher mitochondrial metabolism in the metacyclic forms as is shown by the extraordinary enhanced activities of metacyclic citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase. In epimastigotes, the specific activities of citrate synthase at variable concentrations of oxalacetate and acetyl-CoA were 24.6 and 26.6 mU/mg of protein, respectively, and the Michaelis constants were 7.88 and 6.84 microM for both substrates. The metacyclic enzyme exhibited the following kinetic parameters: a specific activity of 228.4 mU/mg and Km of 3.18 microM for oxalacetate and 248.5 mU/mg and 2.75 microM, respectively, for acetyl-CoA. NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase specific activities for epimastigotes and metacyclics were 110.2 and 210.3 mU/mg, whereas the apparent Km's were 47.9 and 12.5 microM, respectively. No activity for the NAD-dependent isozyme was found in any form of T. cruzi differentiation. The particulated succinate dehydrogenase showed specific activities of 8.2 and 39.1 mU/mg for epimastigotes and metacyclic trypomastigotes, respectively, although no significant changes in the Km (0.46 and 0.48 mM) were found. The cellular role and the molecular mechanism that probably take place during this significant shift in the mitochondrial metabolism during the T. cruzi differentiation have been discussed.
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PMID:Differential energetic metabolism during Trypanosoma cruzi differentiation. I. Citrate synthase, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase. 305 38

Within the uterine glands, the following enzymes were demonstrated by histochemical methods after 30, 58, 80, 100, and 110 d of pregnancy, respectively: beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, esterases, cytochrome oxidase, 5-nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase, adenosine triphosphatase, diaphorases (NADH, NADPH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), lactate dehydrogenase. The results show that the activities of G-6-PDH, 6-PGDH, and cytochrome oxidase increase within secreting cells during the 2nd half of pregnancy. The activities of the other enzymes remained almost unchanged during the period of investigation. The description of our results distinguishes between gland neck, middle, and distal part of the secretory unit, respectively. In general, the enzyme activities are similar within the middle and distal gland segments, but lower in the epithelia of the neck region. The activity of dehydrogenases was medium to intensive within the middle and distal gland segments, but only low to medium within the neck portion. Of the hydrolases, the acid phosphatase, ATPase, leucine aminopeptidase, and beta-galactosidase demonstrated an intensive activity within activity secreting cells. The enzyme activities of the gland epithelia are compared with these of the uterine surface epithelia and the histochemical results are discussed in context with their significance in histiotrophic nutrition.
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PMID:[Enzyme histochemistry of the pig placenta. III. Histotopics of enzymes in the uterine epithelium]. 309 49

Supermitochondrial liquid (SL) of rat and guinea-pig liver increases the activity of 2, 3, 5 triphenyltetrasolium chloride (TPC) and tetrasolium violet (TV) reduction at succinate, NADH and NADPH oxidation by mitochondria (MC). SL contains an activating factor A, being evidently of a protein nature and factor B, increasing the activating activity of factor A. NAD, NADP, NADH and NADP at 5 x 10(-5)-1 x 10(-4) M concentration activate the TPC and TV reduction at succinate oxidation by mitochondria. TPC and TV reduction at succinate and NADP oxidation by mitochondria makes antimicin and cyanide sensitive. SL does not influence succinate dehydrogenase activity, when used as electron acceptors of ferricyanide, blue Vurster, cytochrome C, blue and violet nitrotetrasolium. Activation of electron transfer chair between cytochrome C and oxygen is supposed to be responsible for such an effect.
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PMID:[Activation of electron transport at the terminal site of the respiratory chain by the submitochondrial fluid from the rat and guinea pig liver]. 320 64

Changes in carbohydrate metabolism were studied in midgut gland, muscle, and gill tissues of marine prawn Penaeus indicus exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.3 ppm) of phosphamidon. A significant decrease in glycogen and pyruvate and an increase in lactate content were observed in all phosphamidon-exposed prawn tissues after 96 hr. An increase in phosphorylase a and aldolase activity levels suggested the increased formation of triose sugars during phosphamidon toxicity. LDH activity was considerably decreased and an increment in lactate content was observed which indicates reduced mobilization of pyruvate into the citric acid cycle. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was considerably increased, suggesting the enhanced oxidation of glucose in the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway. Krebs cycle enzymes such as NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase were found to be decreased, suggesting the impairment in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism due to the acute toxic impact of phosphamidon. Cytochrome-c oxidase and Mg2+ ATPase activity levels were also decreased considerably, suggesting impaired energy synthesis and breakdown during phosphamidon toxicity, as a result of reduced oxidation of glucose aerobically. The increase in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities indicates the enhanced breakdown of phosphate to release energy in view of inhibiton or impairment in the ATPase system during phosphamidon-induced stress. These results suggest that phosphamidon has a profound effect on the oxidative metabolism of prawn which results in the triggering of compensatory metabolic pathways for survivability.
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PMID:Modulation of carbohydrate metabolism in the selected tissues of marine prawn, Penaeus indicus (H. Milne Edwards), under phosphamidon-induced stress. 337 38

The possible significance of food composition connected with the alpha-glycerophosphate (alpha GP) shuttle, a putative metabolic pathway of energy dissipation, was investigated at the level of enzyme activities. Liver, adipose tissue, slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle of weaned male Wistar rats fed ad libitum for seven and for forty weeks a normal-protein (NP), a low-protein (LP), and a high-fat (HF) diet were examined. No striking dietary influences on cytosalic (NAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase) and mitochondrial (succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase) enzyme activities could be detected, but mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (m-GPDH) showed an about twofold increase of its activity in the liver of LP-fed animals after seven weeks. A relationship between the "gross efficiency of food energy utilization" and tissue m-GPDH levels could not be established in general. The proposed inducing effect of a LP diet on the magnitude of the GP shuttle observed in the liver of young and adult rats seems to be interconnected reciprocally with the degree of metabolic energy dissipation only under the conditions of growth. The calculated capacities of the alpha GP shuttle are compatible with the assumption of its function as an energy dissipating pathway which is restricted in its magnitude.
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PMID:Relations between enzyme activities connected with energy metabolism and parameters of food energy utilization in young and adult rats. Part 2. Enzyme activities related to alpha-glycerophosphate shuttle in various tissues. 368 15

The results of quantitative histoenzymologic investigations of succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and NAD-diaphorase in cardiomyocytes of dogs with acute experimental arterial occlusion in ischemic and postischemic periods are reviewed. An increased activity of dehydrogenases in the early periods (3,6 h) of ischemia and during recirculation was established, with its noticeable reduction at later terms (9,12 h). Medical correction of postischemic disorders was shown to improve cardiomyocyte metabolism.
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PMID:[Changes in the dehydrogenase activity of cardiomyocytes during acute experimental arterial occlusion of extremities]. 373 May 53

The clonal study of L cell culture has shown that the clone-forming cells are heterogeneous both in form and in the activities of enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADP-diaphorase) which were determined by histochemical methods. The morphological heterogeneity is characteristic for clones with not less than 10 cells manifesting itself earlier and heterogeneity as to the activity of the studied enzymes--later, in clones with more than 15-20 cells.
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PMID:[Heterogeneity of L-line cells in the early stages of clone development]. 384 12


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