Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ultrastructure of feline yolk sacs from 11 stages between the 14th and the 66th day is described with reference to the endoderm and the mesothelium; supplementary histochemical and cytochemical studies are included. Despite the absence of yolk, the endodermal epithelium shows a high degree of differentiation and activity, especially in the period between the 25th and the 38th day. Large stacks of RER, abundant SER, mitochondria enveloped by RER cisternae, and a peculiar type of lysosome are the most prominent organelles. Acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases are found with high activity, whereas the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase assay stains the endothelium only moderately. Indications of reabsorption are less marked. In view of the apparent immaturity of the liver parenchymal cells at this stage, the yolk sac endoderm of cat is suggested to act as an important extraembryonic site of biosynthesis. As preliminary results of a chemical analysis show that the yolk sac fluid has nearly no nutritional value, the substances synthesized are believed to be transported directly to the fetus. The mesothelium shows relatively few alterations over the period studied, is less rich in organelles and is obviously far less active than the endoderm.
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PMID:On the yolk sac of the cat. Endoderm and mesothelium. 103 35

1. Depending on the metabolic state, the addition of iron(III)-sucrose induces an inhibition or a stimulation of the respiration rate when added to isolated rat liver mitochondria. 2. Under conditions identical to those used in the accumulation studies (Romslo, I. and Flatmark T. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 305, 29-40), the ferric complex induces a decrease in the oxygen uptake concomitant to an oxidation of cytochromes c (+c1) and a(+a3). These results suggest that ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron by the respiratory chain prior to or simultaneously with its energy-dependent accumulation. 3. On the other hand, the addition of iron(III)-sucrose induces a stimulation of respiration in State 4 and State 3 provided Mg-2+ is present in the suspending medium. In contrast to Ca-2+, iron stimulates State 4 respiration in a cyclic process only within narrow concentration limits; at concentrations of iron above 100 mu M the respiration remains in the activated state until anaerobiosis. The stimulation of State 4 respiration is more pronounced with succinate than with NAD-linked substrates, a difference which partly may be attributed to a stimulation of the succinate dehydrogenase complex. 4. The stimulation of respiration by iron is approx. 3 times higher in State 3 than in State 4 and this difference can be attributed to a stimulation of the adenine mucleotide exchange reaction in State 3 with a concomitant increase in the rate of oxidative phosphorylation, although the P/O ration is slightly diminished.
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PMID:Energy-dependent accumulation of iron by isolated rat liver mitochondria. V. Effect of factors controlling respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. 112 89

Carbon-14 was incorporated into oxalate and CO2 from either citrate-1,5-14C, succinate-1,4-14C, or fumarate-1,4-14C by cultures of Aspergillus niger pregrown on a medium which contained glucose as the sole carbon source and which did not allow citrate accumulation. In cell-free extracts of mycelium forming oxalate and CO2 from added citrate the following enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were identified: citrate synthase CE 4.1.3.7), aconitate hydratase (EC4.2.1.3), NAD and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41, 1.1.1.42), (alpha-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.2), succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), fumarate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.2), and malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37). The in vitro activity of aconitate hydratase and of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase was shown to be almost identical to the rate of in vivo degradation of citrate or to exceed this rate. The degradation of citrate to oxalate was inhibited completely by 9 mM fluoroacetate. It is concluded that the TCA cycle is involved in the formation of oxalate from citrate.
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PMID:Oxalate accumulation from citrate by Aspergillus niger. II. Involvement of the tricarboxylic acid cyclase. 115

A histichemical study is presented of the activity of some redox enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NAD-diaphorase and lactate dehydrogenase) in 37 cultured human glial brain tumours. The stages of cell activity at different periods of tumour cultivation and the level of their differentiation in the initial tissue were taken into consideration. The examined tumour cultures showed enzymatic cell polymorphizm. During of period of adaptation of explants, the activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes was low to increase during differentiation and proliferation of cultures. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase elevated in tumour cells from cultures of dedifferentiated astrocytomas and glioblastomas mith marked anaplasia. The activity of this enzyme increased also in the course of advanced necrobiotic changes in the tumour cells.
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PMID:[Histochemical study of the enzymatic activity of cultivated human macroglial brain tumors]. 116 47

A change in the activity of succinic dehydrogenase, of the NAD- and NADP-diaphorases was studied in the dissociated culture of the cerebellum of neonatal rats under the effect of immune serum of the animals with an experimental allergic pertussis encephalomyelitis. There was revealed an increase in the activity of oligodendrocytes following a 3-hour exposure with the immune serum and a reduction of the activity of the enzymes under study in the same cells after a 12-hour exposure of the cultures with the serum. In difference from oligodendrocytes, the astrocytes displayed a high activity of all the enzymes under study after a 12-hour exposure.
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PMID:[Study of some oxidoreductases in nerve tissue culture]. 122 31

A study of ingestion and elimination of cells of peritoneal exudate (CPE) of mouse labeled antigens of various physico-chemical nature with a simultaneous analysis of their influence on the function of the enzymatic systems of macrophages showed that both the corpuscular (sheep erythrocytes, typhoid vaccine) and the soluble (albumin, endotoxin of S. typhi, tetanus and staphylococcus toxoid) antigens caused a unitypical reaction of the cells of monocytic phagocytic system. Thirty minutes after the administration the principal mass of labeled antigens (albumin, typhoid vaccine, sheep erythrocytes) was phagocytized by macrophages and was revealed chiefly in their phagolysosomal fraction. The greater part of radioactive material was eliminated in the course of the first 24 hours; however, some of it could be found in the macrophages for a long time. During the process of phagocytosis the activity of lysosomal (catepsin, acid phosphatase, desoxyribonuclease, beta-glucoronidase) enzymes in the macrophages decreased and the activity of redox (succinic dehydrogenase, NAD-N2-diaphorase) enzymes became intensified. A fall of catepsin activity in the CPE of mice 30 minutes after the intraperitoneal administration of the antigens was accompanied by its activation in the cells of the spleen.
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PMID:[General regularities of the macrophage reaction in the administration of various antigens and the phagocytosis of microorganisms]. 126 63

The histoenzymatic method was applied to the study of distribution of the activity of the redox enzymes in the myocardium of the ventricles in rats; distribution of the activity of lactic and malic dehydrogenase and of alpha-glycerophosphate proved to be the most manifest near the apex of the heart and was expressed in the presence of "spotty" areas of increased activity against the general homogeneous background of formazan deposits. The activity of mitochondrial upsilon-glycerophoric dehydrogenase was seen in all the portions of the ventricles and was characterized by an uneven distribution in the sarcoplasm with increase in the direction from the interdisc to the nucleus. Unevenness of distribution of the beta-oxybutyric dehydrogenase activity was detected in some of the animals and was pronounced in all the portions of the myocardium. The intensity of the reaction in detection of succinic dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADP-diaphorases varied but insignificantly.
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PMID:[Enzymatic heterogeneity of the rat myocardium]. 127 59

Substantial disorders of redox and energetic processes are observed in the newborn calf tissues which is evidenced by changes in glucose, lactate oxalo-acetate, malate, citrate, alpha-ketoglytarate and glutamate concentrations, as well as in activity of lactate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, succinate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase and correlations of (NAD(p)/NAD(P)H) in blood cytoplasm and liver and kidney mitochondria.
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PMID:[Level and correlation of metabolites of NAD(P)+-dependent dehydrogenase systems in newborn calf tissues in acute diarrhea]. 141 16

The investigation of Krebs cycle state in kidney homogenates of August rats subjected to oral intoxication with oil solution of yellow phosphorus in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, has shown that under conditions of balanced nutrition the activity of NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and accumulation of the substrate fund of the cycle decreased 3.5-fold as compared to the control. The addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids to the ration produced a positive effect on Krebs cycle state: dehydrogenase activity was not significantly changed, accumulation of Krebs cycle substrate was two-fold lower. However, this ration did not completely abolish the toxic action of yellow phosphorus on Krebs cycle.
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PMID:[Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on Krebs cycle in the rat kidney in chronic phosphorus intoxication]. 151 57

Nigericin, monensin, valinomycin + carbonyl-cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone and gramicidin inhibit the respiration of Bacillus subtilis cells incubated with NAD-dependent substrates or succinate, but not with ascorbate + N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p- phenylene-diamine. The level of inhibition was decreased by potassium ions and, in a lower degree, by sodium or ammonium ions. The results obtained suggest that the respiration of Bacillus subtilis depends on the presence of monovalent cations whose effects seem to be directed at complexes I, III and probably complex II of the respiratory chain.
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PMID:[Dependence of Bacillus subtilis cell respiration on monovalent cations]. 171 49


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