Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combined methodologies of immunohistochemistry, histochemistry and photometric image analysis were applied: (1) to characterise control equine skeletal muscle fibres according to their myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition and (2) to determine on a fibre-to-fibre basis the correlation between contractile [i.e. MyHC(s), myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms], metabolic [i.e. succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) activities, glycogen and phospholamban (PLB) contents], and morphological [i.e. cross-sectional area (CSA), capillary and nuclear densities] features of individual myofibres. An accurate delineation of MyHC-based fibre types was obtained with the immunohistochemical method developed. This protocol showed a high sensitivity and objectivity to delineate hybrid fibres with overwhelming dominance of one MyHC isoform and, furthermore, it allowed a semiquantitative delineation of fast hybrid fibres according to the predominant MyHC isoform expressed. The phenotypic differences in contractile, metabolic and morphological properties seen between fibre types were related to MyHC content. Slow fibres had the lowest mATPase activity (related to shortening velocity), the highest SDH activity (oxidative capacity), the lowest GPD activity (glycolytic metabolism) and glycogen content, the smallest CSA, the greatest capillary and nuclear densities, and expressed slow SERCA isoform and PLB, but not the fast SERCA isoform. The reverse pattern was true for pure IID/X fibres, and type IIA fibres had intermediate properties. Hybrid IIAD/X fibres had mean values intermediate to those of their respective pure phenotypes. Discrimination of fibres according to their MyHC content was possible on the basis of their contractile and non-contractile profiles. These intrafibre interdependencies suggest that, even when controlled by different mechanisms, myofibres of control horses exhibit a high degree of co-ordination in their physiological, biochemical and anatomical features.
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PMID:Co-ordinated expression of contractile and non-contractile features of control equine muscle fibre types characterised by immunostaining of myosin heavy chains. 1170 88

Combined methodologies of electrophoresis, immunoblots, immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and photometric image analysis were applied to characterize porcine skeletal muscle fibers according to their myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition, and to determine on a fiber-to-fiber basis the correlation between contractile [MyHC (s), myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase), and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms], metabolic [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activities, glycogen, and phospholamban (PLB) contents], and morphological [cross-sectional area (CSA), capillary, and nuclear densities] features of individual myofibers. An accurate delineation of MyHC-based fiber types was obtained with the immunohistochemical method developed. This protocol showed a high sensitivity and objectivity to delineate hybrid fibers with overwhelming dominance of one MyHC isoform. The phenotypic differences in contractile, metabolic, and morphological properties seen between fiber types were related with MyHC content. Slow fibers had the lowest mATPase activity (related to shortening velocity), the highest SDH activity (oxidative capacity), the lowest GPDH activity (glycolytic metabolism), and glycogen content, the smallest CSA, the greatest capillary, and nuclear densities, and expressed slow SERCA isoform and PLB, but not the fast SERCA isoform. The reverse pattern was true for pure IIB fibers, whereas type IIA and IIX fibers had intermediate properties. Hybrid fibers had mean values intermediate in-between their respective pure phenotypes. Discrimination of myofibers according to their MyHC content was possible on the basis of their contractile and non-contractile profiles. These intrafiber interrelationships suggest that myofibers of control pigs exhibit a high degree of co-ordination in their physiological, biochemical, and anatomical features. This study may well be a useful baseline for future work on the pig meat industry and also offers new prospects for muscle fiber typing in porcine experimental studies.
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PMID:Coordinated expression of myosin heavy chains, metabolic enzymes, and morphological features of porcine skeletal muscle fiber types. 1557 May 87

Equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is a neurodegenerative disorder similar to the sporadic form of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This study was conducted to quantify myofiber plasticity in response to EMND. Deep M. gluteus medius biopsy samples from eight horses with an ante mortem diagnosis of EMND, which in five cases was later confirmed by post mortem examination of spinal cord and peripheral nerves, were examined by combined methodologies of electrophoresis of myosin heavy chains (MyHC), muscle enzymes and substrate biochemistry, immunohistochemistry of MyHCs and sarcoendoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms, quantitative histochemistry of succinic dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, periodic acid-Schiff and capillaries, and photometric image analysis. The data were compared with muscle biopsies from healthy controls. Histopathological findings of EMND were observed in muscle biopsy specimens from all cases, but the severity and intra-biopsy extent varied from case to case. Compared with controls, muscle biopsy samples from EMND horses had a lower percentage of MyHC type I fibers, higher percentages of hybrid IIAX and pure IIX fibers, significant atrophy of all muscle fiber types, reduced oxidative capacity, increased glycolytic capacity, diminished intramuscular glycogen, lower capillary-to-fiber ratio, a higher ratio of myofibers expressing SERCA1a to SERCA2a isoforms, and a lower percentage of fibers expressing phospholamban. Objective discrimination of muscle biopsy specimens according to their healthy status (EMND vs controls) was possible on the basis of their muscular characteristics. A coordinated shift from slow to fast muscle characteristics in contractile and metabolic features of muscle fiber types, together with generalized myofiber atrophy, occurs in EMND and the extent of this change seems to be related to the duration of the disease.
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PMID:New insights into the skeletal muscle phenotype of equine motor neuron disease: a quantitative approach. 1561 93

Electrophoresis, immunoblots, immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods were applied to characterise canine trunk and appendicular muscle fibres according to their myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition and to determine, on a fibre-to-fibre basis, the correlation between contractile [MyHC (s), myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms], metabolic [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activities and glycogen and phospholamban (PLB) content] and morphological (cross-sectional area and capillary and nuclear densities) features of individual myofibres. An accurate delineation of MyHC-based fibre types was obtained with the developed immunohistochemical method, which showed high sensitivity and objectivity to delineate hybrid fibres with overwhelming dominance of one MyHC isoform. Phenotypic differences in contractile, metabolic and morphological properties seen between fibre types were related to MyHC content. All canine skeletal muscle fibre types had a relatively high histochemical SDH activity but significant differences existed in the order IIA>I>IIX. Mean GPDH was ranked according to fibre type such that I<IIA<IIX. Type IIA fibres were the smallest, type IIX fibres the largest and type I of intermediate size. Capillary and nuclear density decreased in the order IIA>I>IIX. Hybrid fibres, which represented nearly one third of the whole pool of skeletal muscle fibres analysed, had mean values intermediate between their respective pure phenotypes. Slow fibres expressed the slow SERCA isoform and PLB, whereas type II fibres expressed the fast SERCA isoform. Discrimination of myofibres according to their MyHC content was possible on the basis of their contractile, metabolic and morphological features. These intrafibre interrelationships suggest that myofibres of control dogs exhibit a high degree of co-ordination in their physiological, biochemical and morphological characteristics. This study demonstrates that canine skeletal muscle fibres have been misclassified in numerous previous studies and offers useful baseline data and new prospects for future work on muscle-fibre-typing in canine experimental studies.
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PMID:New insights into skeletal muscle fibre types in the dog with particular focus towards hybrid myosin phenotypes. 1616 88