Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Muscle samples were obtained from the gastrocnemius of 17 female and 23 male track athletes, 10 untrained women, and 11 untrained men. Portions of the specimen were analyzed for total phosphorylase, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities. Sections of the muscle were stained for myosin adenosine triphosphatase, NADH2 tetrazolium reductase, and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was measured on a treadmill for 23 of the volunteers (6 female athletes, 11 male athletes, 10 untrained women, and 6 untrained men). These measurements confirm earlier reports which suggest that the athlete's preference for strength, speed, and/or endurance events is in part a matter of genetic endowment. Aside from differences in fiber composition and enzymes among middle-distance runners, the only distinction between the sexes was the larger fiber areas of the male athletes. SDH activity was found to correlate 0.79 with VO2max, while muscle LDH appeared to be a function of muscle fiber composition. While sprint- and endurance-trained athletes are characterized by distinct fiber compositions and enzyme activities, participants in strength events (e.g., shot-put) have relatively low muscle enzyme activities and a variety of fiber compositions.
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PMID:Skeletal muscle enzymes and fiber composition in male and female track athletes. 12 49

Male guinea pigs were exposed to nitrogen dioxide (2 mg/m3) during 180 days (8 hours a day). Long-term exposure induced thickening of the corneal layer of the epidermis as well as inflammatory infiltrations in the proper skin. The following enzymes were estimated histochemically in skin samples of experimental and control animals: succinic dehydrogenase, NADH2-tetrazolium reductase, lactate dehydrogenase; alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase. Chronic exposrue stimulated a decrease of NADH2-tetrazolium reductase in the epidermis and connective tissue components of proper skin and marked positive reaction of lactate dehydrogenase in epidermal cells and hair follicles. Increase of a diffuse reaction on adenosine triphosphatase in smooth muscles of the skin was found also in exposed animals.
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PMID:Histopathological and histochemical studies of the skin of guinea pigs after long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide. 14 74

The experiments were carried out on dogs. Experimental animals were subjected to the trauma of the thorax during operation. The localization and activity of succinic dehydrogenase, NADH2-tetrazole reductase, adenosine triphosphatase, alkaline and acid phosphates in the kidneys were examined. An increase of the activity of all the investigated enzymes takes place under the influence of the stress. On the basis of the investigations it can be supposed that the processes of oxygen phosphorylation and active transport are intensified. An increase of the activity of acid phosphates gives evidence of the intensity of phagocytosis and pinocytosis processes in the kidney.
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PMID:Histoenzymatic changes in the dog kidney in an experimentally induced crushing injury of the thorax. 16 20

A decrease in cytochrome c oxidase activity was observed in kidney tissue within 40 min after the transfusion of incompatible blood; at the same time, the succinate dehydrogenase activity was not altered. Opposite ratios (as compared with normal kidney) of the enzymatic activities were found within 24 hrs after a heterohemotransfusion. An addition of 5 M succinate to the kidney homogenate in vitro or administration of the substance at a dose of 8 mg per 100 g of body weight in vivo caused an activation of free oxidation and a decrease of phosphorylation. The addition of 50 M succinate, combined with hexokinase and NADH2, into the homogenate distinctly increased both the rate of tissue respiration and the coupled phosphorylation.
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PMID:[Mechanism of changes in oxidative phosphorylation in the kidney in nephropathy caused by post-transfusion complications]. 17 70

One hour after a single i.v. dose of 250 mg/kg folic acid, the straight portion of distal tubules in the outer medulla of rat kidneys showed a distinct reduction in succinate dehydrogenase, NADH2-diaphorase, glutamate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxydase, Na+/K+-ATPase, and acid phosphatase activity. In contrast, the proximal tubules exhibited only a reduction in glutamate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity. At this time the straight portion of the distal tubules, whose enzyme activity had changed, showed partly regressive epithelial changes. 24 hours after folic acid administration an even greater reduction in enzyme activity had occurred in the straight portion of distal tubules; these structures also became dilated. The adjacent collecting tubules and the corresponding proximal tubules were also severely dilated, the proximal tubules showing a loss in enzyme acitivities similar to those observed in the distal tubules. 48 hours after folic acid administration the changes largely resembled those observed after 24 hours, but were more pronounced. At this time a tubular regeneration was observed. 72 hours after folic administration extensive normalization of the histological and histochemical changes had occured. It is postulated that a disturbance of the hairpin counter-current mechanism occurs as a result of a direct, concentration-dependent effect of folic acid on the enzymes of the energy supplying metabolism. A dilation in the region of the loop of Henle and the collecting tubules occurs subsequently.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemistry of rat folic acid nephropathy. 19 86

1. A method was developed which allows the rapid preparation of pure plasma membranes in high yield from cultured fibroblasts. 2. Cells are lysed in hypo-osmotic borate/EDTA and, after differential centrifugation, the membranes collected by centrifugation on a sucrose barrier. 3. Electron microscopy of the isolated material shows large membrane vesicles essentially free from contaminating organelles. 4. There is no detectable activity of the endoplasmic-reticulum enzyme marker, NADH2--lipoamide oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.4.3), and that of succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), a marker for mitochondria, is substantially decreased. Chemical compositions are in good agreement with previous observations. 5. This study confirms the usefulness of applied isotopic markers for isolating plasma membranes.
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PMID:Rapid isolation of plasma membranes in high yield from cultured fibroblasts. 20 61

Ultrasonic treatment in vivo brought about distinct changes in liver mitochondria which developed in two directions as to oxygen consumption and oxidative phosphorylation. An increase of oxygen incorporation occurs with short term as well as with long-term experiences. The ratio P/O which expresses the step of oxidative phosphorylation decreases to 1 in the course of one hour after ultrasonic treatment. The results obtained and the supposition that they are related to modifications of NAD-coenzymes and flavoproteins, likewise of the activity of succinic dehydrogenase, of NADH2-cytochrom-c-reductases and cytochrom-c-oxidase, lead to the conclusion that ultrasonic energy is a factor intensifying the transfer of reduced equivalents in the shortened respiratory chain, a factor disturbing electron-proton transfer in the normal respiratory chain of NAD-coenzymes, and a releasing factor for two of the sites of coupling electron transfer with oxidative phosphorylation.
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PMID:[The influence of biophysical factors on biological oxidation and redox processes. 17. Changes in electron transfer and of oxidative phosphorylation steps in liver mitochondria after ultrasonic treatment (author's transl)]. 89 15

Aging-dependent changes of some enzymatic activities related to the glycolytic anaerobic pathway (lactate-dehydrogenase, LDH), to the Krebs's cycle (succinate dehydrogenase, SDH) and to the activity of the respiratory oxidative chain (NADH2 - tetrazolium reductase, NADH-D) were studied in the nephron of 4-(young) and 24- (aged) month-old female Wistar rats. In the renal glomeruli LDH and NADH-D activities were reduced with aging, while SDH did not undergo aging-dependent changes. In both the proximal and the distal convoluted tubules, LDH reactivity slightly increased while NADH-D remarkably decreased in old rats; SDH did not show aging-dependent changes. In the loop of Henle LDH was slightly increased, SDH was unchanged and NADH-D was decreased in aged in comparison to young rats. The three enzyme activities investigated were significantly reduced in the collecting tubules of aged animals. The above results are suggestive of the existence of aging changes in mechanisms related with energy transduction in the rat kidney, affecting at a different extent the cell populations of the nephron.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemistry of aging rat kidney. 182 23

In order to find the markers of the toxicity of the autoxidized lipids in the liver, rats were given a lethal amount of secondary autoxidation products of linoleic acid (400 mg/rat/day for 3 days) and then changes in the hepatic metabolic functions were analyzed. A decrease in acetyl-CoA level to half caused by the depletion of CoASH was reported in an associated paper (J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 35, 11-23, 1989). Citrate, isocitrate, and 2-oxoglutarate also decreased to half the level of those of the control group. Reduction in isocitrate dehydrogenase activity was only 25%, while NADH2 and ATP levels remained unchanged. Thus, the reduction in the citrate cycle activity was due to the decrease in acetyl-CoA. The activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase was decreased to 1/5. Other appreciable changes were depletion of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate, accumulation of glucose 1-phosphate, reductions in hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities, and decrease in the NADPH2 level. It was considered that these changes were caused by the depletion of glucose 6-phosphate whose synthetic pathways were abnormal. Therefore, the markers of the hepatotoxicity of secondary products were the changes in the CoASH level and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and synthetic pathways for glucose 6-phosphate.
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PMID:Succinate dehydrogenase and synthetic pathways of glucose 6-phosphate are also the markers of the toxicity of orally administered secondary autoxidation products of linoleic acid in rat liver. 254 8

The effect of senescence on the metabolic profile of rat coronary arteries and arterioles was studied using enzyme histochemical techniques. In coronary arteries anaerobic metabolism predominates. In senescence an increase of adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) occurred. The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and the respiratory chain metabolism marker NADH2-tetrazolium reductase (NADHD) showed an age-related decrease. Lactate dehydrogenase was unchanged. In the coronary arterioles, on the contrary, aerobic metabolism dominates. In senescence a significant decrease of NADHD and a moderate reduction of SDH and ATPase was observed. L-Carnitine administration significantly stimulated some enzymatic activities related to aerobic metabolism primarily at the arteriolar level.
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PMID:Metabolism of coronary vasculature in senescent rats--a histochemical study. 295 67


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