Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activity of oxidation-reduction enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase, peroxidase and catalase was studied in staphylococci isolated from healthy persons and patients as well as from the air and implements of medical institutions. The isolates were resistant either to antibiotics or to chloramine B or to the both. The results showed that development of resistance to antibiotics and chloramine B in the staphylococci was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, peroxidase and catalase. In the strains resistant only to chloramine B the activity of the enzymes was practically at the same level as in the strains resistant only to antibiotics. In the strains resistant to both antibiotics and chloramine B, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, peroxidase and catalase did not practically differ from that in the strains resistant either to antibiotics or to chloramine B.
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PMID:[Biochemical activity of opportunistic antibiotic and chloramine-sensitive and resistant microorganisms isolated from healthy and sick people]. 209 29

Bovine heart submitochondrial particles (SMP) were exposed to continuous fluxes of hydroxyl radical (.OH) alone, superoxide anion radical (O2-) alone, or mixtures of .OH and O2-, by gamma radiolysis in the presence of 100% N2O (.OH exposure), 100% O2 + formate (O2- exposure), or 100% O2 alone (.OH + O2- exposure). Hydrogen peroxide effects were studied by addition of pure H2O2. NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, succinate oxidase, and ATPase activities (Vmax) were rapidly inactivated by .OH (10% inactivation at 15-40 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein, 50-90% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein) and by .OH + O2- (10% inactivation at 20-80 nmol of .OH + O2-/mg of SMP protein, 45-75% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH + O2-/mg of SMP protein). Importantly, O2- was a highly efficient inactivator of NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and ATPase (10% inactivation at 20-50 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein, 40% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein), a mildly efficient inactivator of succinate dehydrogenase (10% inactivation at 150 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein, 30% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein), and a poor inactivator of succinate oxidase (less than 10% inactivation at 600 nmol of O2-/mg of SMP protein). H2O2 partially inactivated NADH dehydrogenase, NADH oxidase, and cytochrome oxidase, but even 10% loss of these activities required at least 500-600 nmol of H2O2/mg of SMP protein. Cytochrome oxidase activity (oxygen consumption supported by ascorbate + N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine) was remarkably resistant to oxidative inactivation, with less than 20% loss of activity evident even at .OH, O2-, OH + O2-, or H2O2 concentrations of 600 nmol/mg of SMP protein. Cytochrome c oxidase activity, however (oxidation of, added, ferrocytochrome c), exhibited more than a 40% inactivation at 600 nmol of .OH/mg of SMP protein. The .OH-dependent inactivations reported above were largely inhibitable by the .OH scavenger mannitol. In contrast, the O2(-)-dependent inactivations were inhibited by active superoxide dismutase, but not by denatured superoxide dismutase or catalase. Membrane lipid peroxidation was evident with .OH exposure but could be prevented by various lipid-soluble antioxidants which did not protect enzymatic activities at all.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The oxidative inactivation of mitochondrial electron transport chain components and ATPase. 216 88

The induction of hypothyroidism in rats by methimazole affects interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme activities in opposite directions. Hypothyroidism, indeed, decreases both mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and beta-oxidation total activities by 35 and 45%, respectively and increases peroxisomal catalase and acyl coenzyme A (acyl CoA) oxidase total activities 3.2- and 1.6-fold, respectively. Administration of a thyroid hormone analogue (3'-isopropyl-3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine) prevents these enzymatic modifications. The effects of hypothyroidism on IBAT mitochondrial enzyme activities seem to be direct, i.e. due to the lack of thyroid hormones, while those on peroxisomal enzyme activities might be indirect, i.e. secondary to the increased thermogenic needs of the rat and mediated by adrenergic stimulation. It is noteworthy that the indirect effects of hypothyroidism on peroxisomes are not observed in liver where acyl CoA oxidase activity is in fact decreased by 40%. In hypothyroid rat IBAT, administration of the peroxisome proliferator nafenopin does not further stimulate the already increased peroxisomal enzyme activities and does not inhibit the already decreased mitochondrial enzyme activities.
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PMID:Peroxisomal oxidative capacity of brown adipose tissue depends on the thyroid status. 291 86

In vivo administration of L-thyroxine (L-T4) in Anabas testudineus, while significantly stimulated the activities of cytochrome c oxidase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH), inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), cytosolic and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (cyt. MDH; mit. MDH), and Mg2+ DNP-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Mg2+ ATPase) activities. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and catalase remained unaltered after L-T4 treatment. Administration of protein synthesis inhibitors such as actinomycin D, while significantly inhibited cytochrome oxidase, alpha-GPDH, catalase, SDH, and Mg2+ ATPase activities, did not change LDH, cyt. MDH, and mit. MDH activities. Chloramphenicol injection significantly stimulated cytochrome oxidase, alpha-GPDH, and G-6-PDH activities. Simultaneous injections of actinomycin D or chloramphenicol with 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (L-T3) or L-T4 prevented the effects of thyroid hormones on enzyme activities, when compared to the respective controls.
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PMID:Oxidative metabolism in a teleost, Anabas testudineus Bloch: effect of thyroid hormones on hepatic enzyme activities. 292 Sep 3

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated after N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) treatment with concomitant and subsequent administration of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for development of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic liver lesions. In addition to clear, acidophilic, mixed cell and basophilic foci, a hitherto undescribed lesion type demonstrating a unique morphological and histochemical phenotype was observed in animals receiving both NNM and DHEA. The cells of the majority of these lesions for which we propose the designation amphophilic foci were characterized by increased granular acidophilia and randomly scattered cytoplasmic basophilia. Histochemically, reduced glycogen content and elevated activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), acid phosphatase (AP), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and catalase (CAT) were evident. The lack of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) or glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) in foci of this type allowed clear differentiation from other NNM-induced focal lesions while suggesting certain similarities to pre-neoplastic cells induced by hypolipidemic agents. Similar enzyme histochemical patterns were characteristic for foci and later appearing nodules (adenomas) composed of amphophilic/tigroid cells the basophilic material of which was increased and frequently arranged in long striped bands. DHEA treatment, while not itself inducing any preneoplastic foci, was thus associated with altered phenotypic expression of foci and adenomas generated by NNM.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemical and morphological phenotype of amphophilic foci and amphophilic/tigroid cell adenomas in rat liver after combined treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone and N-nitrosomorpholine. 296 25

Two different fractions were present in crystalline bovine liver catalase, and could be resolved using dye-ligand affinity chromatography with Red-A Matrex gel containing Procion HE 3B. The major part (alpha) was not adsorbed on this gel. The second fraction (beta) was firmly adsorbed to the gel, and could be eluted either by high salt or by NADPH in the micromolar range. Elution of catalase beta was also obtained with NADH, NADP+, and ADP at higher concentration. Fractions alpha and beta displayed no detectable difference in specific activity, stability to heat, and light absorption data. It is suggested that the difference in behavior between alpha and beta is related to the binding of NADPH to the mammalian catalase [H. N. Kirkman and G. F. Gaetani (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 4343-4347], and that the beta fraction corresponds to the enzyme molecules that have at least one free site for NADPH binding. Modifications of catalase molecules in the presence of dithioerythritol (DTE) were examined using light absorption and EPR data. Thiol induced changes that corresponded to the formation of catalase complex II. They were partially reversed by NADPH at very low level, and the dinucleotide appeared to be oxidized in this process. DTE-treated bovine catalase was totally adsorbed on the Red-A Matrex columns, and could be eluted as fraction beta. Similar spectral changes in the presence of DTE and NADPH were displayed by a bacterial catalase from Proteus mirabilis. This enzyme was also able to oxidize NADPH, but was not adsorbed by Red-A Matrex. This work suggests that dye-affinity chromatography provides a very convenient tool for isolating dinucleotide-depleted catalase from bovine liver, facilitating further study of the physiological function of this cofactor within the enzyme.
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PMID:Interaction between pyridine adenine dinucleotides and bovine liver catalase: a chromatographic and spectral study. 301 30

The molybdenum requirement for growth and conidial formation by Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus, and A. sulphureus was found to be 0.2 ppb, which was one-fifth that of an A. niger isolate. Molybdenum deficiency depressed growth, conidial formation, dry weight, soluble protein, and the specific activities of nitrate reductase, succinic dehydrogenase, and aconitase in all the isolates of Aspergillus studied, but the specific activities of catalase and peroxidase were depressed only in isolates of A. niger, A. terreus, and A. flavus. Also, molybdenum deficiency stimulated the specific activities of acid phosphatase and ribonuclease in the A. flavus isolate, although the specific activities of these enzymes decreased in other isolates. Eighteen hours after the addition of molybdenum (5 ppb) to molybdenum-deficient (0.02 ppb) cultures of A. niger, the specific activities of catalase, peroxidase and succinic dehydrogenase were restored in the absence of cycloheximide, while the specific activity of nitrate reductase was recovered even in the presence of the inhibitor. There was no effect on the specific activities of aconitase and acid phosphatase following the addition of molybdenum to molybdenum-deficient cultures of A. niger.
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PMID:Molybdenum nutrition of isolates of four Aspergillus species. 309 Dec 28

1. The total subcellular membranes of pig coronary media were fractionated using a sucrose density gradient. 2. A fraction with high succinate dehydrogenase activity and a mean density of 1.165 was separated from a fraction with high catalase activity and a mean density of 1.145. 3. Acyl CoA beta-oxidation activity measured in the absence of BSA was present in both fractions with 47% of the total activity in the succinate dehydrogenase fraction and 47% in the catalase fraction. 4. In the succinate dehydrogenase fraction bovine serum albumin stimulated the acyl CoA beta-oxidation (maximal stimulation, 3.2 times at a concentration of 15 mg%) while in the catalase fraction it had no effect. 5. It is concluded that, in pig coronary media, the beta-oxidation system has two components, i.e. mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta-oxidation.
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PMID:Mitochondrial and peroxisomal beta-oxidations in pig coronary smooth muscle cells. 362 96

Biochemical investigations were performed on cardiac muscle samples from seven dogs with cardiomyopathy and on cardiac muscle from a varied selection of normal dogs. Biochemical examination of cardiac muscle from clinical cases of cardiomyopathy revealed that the concentrations of three enzymes were significantly altered. These were, catalase, succinic dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. Depressed enzyme concentrations were recorded from both ventricles but were significant only on the left for catalase, on the right for malate dehydrogenase and in both ventricles for succinic dehydrogenase although the depression in this case was also greater on the right.
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PMID:Biochemical investigations of cardiomyopathy in the dog. 362 75

In our study, nitrofurantoin (NF) and nitrofurazone (NZ) inhibited respiration of isolated mouse (C57B/6J, adult, male) liver mitochondria. Other aromatic nitro compounds, nitroimidazole, metronidazole, and p-nitrobenzoic acid, did not have any significant effect. The primary site of activity for NF was complex I NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase mediated respiration, since only complex I substrates, glutamate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and alpha-ketoglutarate-mediated respiration were decreased. Respiration supported by succinate, a complex II substrate, was not affected by any of the compounds. NF at a concentration of 50 microM decreased state 3 and dinitrophenol-uncoupled respiration to 28 +/- 1 and 25 +/- 5% of control, respectively, of mitochondria oxidizing glutamate. Studies with mitoplasts oxidizing glutamate showed that NF inhibited both state 3 and 4 respiration. The inhibition of state 3 was prevented by the simultaneous addition of superoxide dismutase (240 micrograms/ml) and catalase (200 micrograms/ml). These results suggest that the mitochondrion, in particular complex I of the electron transport system, is a target for NF toxicity. The effect on respiration may be mediated by NF redox cycling and the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates resulting in the interference of electron flow.
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PMID:Nitrofurantoin inhibition of mouse liver mitochondrial respiration involving NAD-linked substrates. 372 72


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