Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiments were performed to investigate the nature of the in vitro and human liver damage exposed to hornets' acute or repeated stings. The hornet investigated is the one ubiquitous in Israel - Vespa orientalis. Experiments were performed in living cats and rats, after single or multiple exposures to venom-sac extracts (VSE) and in various doses. The injury was demonstrated by the increased levels of enzymes, bile acids and cholesterol in serum. Also measured was Beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (BNAH) which probably is the only biochemical indicator available of Kupffer-cell function. This, too, was found increased. Other experiments consisted of perfusion of the isolated, intact, rat liver in situ with measurements of enzyme leakage into perfusate and of bile flow. Another set of experiments involved the effects of VSE on in vitro monolayer tissue culture of rat embryos' livers. We examined damage to organelles and compared the damage produced by intact VSE with that produced by the venom sac extract after treatment by heat or dialysis. Light morphology, special stains, electron microscopy and morphometry were all performed. In the first set of experiments no shock was observed in cats and rats exposed to VSE. The increases in enzymes' activity in serum and liver perfusion fluid were significant. Histochemistry indicated decrease of hepatic glycogen and of cellular succinic dehydrogenase as well as hepatic fat infiltration and an increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in liver cells close to the bile capillaries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Hepatotoxicity induced by the Oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) venom sac extract. 189 8

Trospectomycin sulfate is an experimental aminocyclitol antibiotic which has been shown previously to induce the formation of cytoplasmic lamellar bodies in rat and dog liver in subchronic experiments. The effect of repeated daily administration of trospectomycin sulfate on hepatic phospholipid levels and activities of marker enzymes for subcellular organelles was examined. Rats were treated for 30 or 90 days with 0, 50, or 250 mg/kg/day of trospectomycin sulfate prior to being killed, and another group was dosed for 90 days and then allowed to recover for 79 days prior to sacrifice. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of lamellar bodies in hepatocytes in both 50 and 250 mg/kg groups at 90 days but no other apparent changes in cellular morphology. Total phospholipids were increased significantly (1.6-fold) only at 90 days (P less than 0.01) and only in the 250 mg/kg group. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and two acidic lysosomal phospholipids, bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate and acylphosphatidylglycerol, accounted for 42, 35, and 21% of the increase in total phospholipids. Changes in the activities of marker enzymes were generally confined to the 250 mg/kg group at 90 days, with the largest and most significant increases being in the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and hexosaminidase (P less than 0.01). Levels of all phospholipids and marker enzymes, with the exception of succinate dehydrogenase, were not significantly different from controls 79 days after cessation of dosing, and lamellar bodies had disappeared. We conclude that repeated trospectomycin sulfate treatment in rat induces a reversible, dose- and time-dependent lysosomal phospholipidosis in liver which is characterized by an increase in lysosomal enzymes and selected anionic phospholipids.
...
PMID:Reversible, hepatic, lysosomal phospholipidosis in rat induced by subchronic daily administration of trospectomycin sulfate. 253 Sep 87

Exocrine acinar cells possess two cytochemically distinct populations of secondary lysosomes. One population is Golgi associated and has demonstrable acid phosphatase (AcPase) activity, whereas the second is basally located and lacks AcPase activity but has trimetaphosphatase (TMPase) activity. The basal lysosomes are tubular in shape and rapidly label with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) after intravenous injection. In the present study using isolated rat parotid acinar cells, the two lysosomal populations were separated by cell fractionation on Percoll density gradients and were analyzed biochemically and by EM cytochemistry. On 35% Percoll gradients, two peaks of AcPase and beta-hexosaminidase, both lysosomal marker enzymes, and succinic dehydrogenase, an enzyme marker for mitochondria, could be resolved. The major peaks of beta-hexosaminidase and succinic dehydrogenase and the minor peak of AcPase corresponded with the dense lysosome fraction. The major peak of AcPase and the minor peaks for beta-hexosaminidase and succinic dehydrogenase coincided with the light membrane fraction. Galactosyl transferase (a marker enzyme for Golgi saccules) and 5'-nucleotidase (a plasma membrane marker) were also associated with this fraction. By electron microscopy, the light membrane fraction was seen to contain tubular elements, multivesicular bodies (MVB), Golgi saccules, GERL, immature secretory granules, and some mitochondria. Electron microscopic cytochemical examination showed that these tubular structures were lysosomes. The dense lysosome fraction contained lysosomes positive for both AcPase and TMPase. After continuous incubation of isolated acinar cells with HRP, reaction product was rapidly localized to the light membrane fraction (greater than 2 min), where it was found in vesicles and tubular lysosomes. By 10 min it was present in MVB and tubular lysosomes, but by 60 min no HRP reaction product had appeared in the dense lysosomes. These results demonstrate that the tubular lysosomes are separable from dense lysosomes, typical secondary lysosomes, and are involved in the initial stages of endocytosis.
...
PMID:Density gradient separation of two populations of lysosomes from rat parotid acinar cells. 255 1

Within the uterine glands, the following enzymes were demonstrated by histochemical methods after 30, 58, 80, 100, and 110 d of pregnancy, respectively: beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, esterases, cytochrome oxidase, 5-nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase, adenosine triphosphatase, diaphorases (NADH, NADPH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), lactate dehydrogenase. The results show that the activities of G-6-PDH, 6-PGDH, and cytochrome oxidase increase within secreting cells during the 2nd half of pregnancy. The activities of the other enzymes remained almost unchanged during the period of investigation. The description of our results distinguishes between gland neck, middle, and distal part of the secretory unit, respectively. In general, the enzyme activities are similar within the middle and distal gland segments, but lower in the epithelia of the neck region. The activity of dehydrogenases was medium to intensive within the middle and distal gland segments, but only low to medium within the neck portion. Of the hydrolases, the acid phosphatase, ATPase, leucine aminopeptidase, and beta-galactosidase demonstrated an intensive activity within activity secreting cells. The enzyme activities of the gland epithelia are compared with these of the uterine surface epithelia and the histochemical results are discussed in context with their significance in histiotrophic nutrition.
...
PMID:[Enzyme histochemistry of the pig placenta. III. Histotopics of enzymes in the uterine epithelium]. 309 49

1. Lamellar body fractions from dog lung can be separated by a procedure based on differential centrifugation before ultracentrifugation onto a discontinuous sucrose gradient. This fraction yields about 1% of total protein from the homogenate. 2. The different fractions obtained in the isolation were assayed for the measurement of four subcellular marker enzymes: beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, acid phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and succinate dehydrogenase. 3. Lamellar bodies were not contaminated by mitochondria (0.7 succinate dehydrogenase relative specific activity), whereas high specific hydrolase activities were found (beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase and 5'-nucleotidase were enriched 1.8- and 2.8-fold, respectively). 4. The chemical criterion was established by measuring the specific components of lamellar bodies. The lamellar bodies have the highest phospholipid/protein ratio (0.35); cholesterol/protein ratio (0.15) and the highest phosphatidylglycerol percentages (7.9%). 5. The phospholipid composition of lamellar bodies is distributed among phosphatidylcholine (64.5%), phosphatidylethanolamine (11%), phosphatidylglycerol (7.9%), sphingomyelin (4%), phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol (3%), respectively. The remainder were considered as trace amounts (less than 1%).
...
PMID:Isolation, characterization and phospholipid composition of lamellar bodies and subcellular fractions from dog lung. 362 1

In porcine areolar placental epithelia, the following enzymes were demonstrated by histochemical methods after 30, 58, 80, 100, and 110 d of pregnancy, respectively: beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterases, cytochrome oxidase, 5-nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase, adenosine triphosphatase, diaphorases (NADH, NADPH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), lactate dehydrogenase. The results show that the enzyme activities remained almost unchanged during the period of investigation. Of the dehydrogenases, the diaphorases as well as succinate and lactate dehydrogenase demonstrated generally an intensive activity within the epithelia. The activity of the other dehydrogenases was only low. The activity of unspecific esterase was very intensive within the uterine epithelia but remarkably low within chorionic epithelia. Contrarily, the reaction of adenosine triphosphatase was more intensive within chorionic than uterine epithelia. All investigated glucosidases reacted distinctly positive within chorionic epithelia, but only beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase and beta-galactosidase in uterine epithelia. The high activity of acid phosphatase, especially within the chorionic epithelium, seems to be connected with uteroferrin, an iron-binding protein. The histochemical results are discussed in context with the function of the areolae in histiotrophic nutrition and iron transport.
...
PMID:[Enzyme-histochemical studies of the pig placenta. II. Histotopics of enzymes in the areolar placenta epithelium]. 392 41

The effects of zinc on the enzymes of femoral tissue were investigated in weanling rats that had been given zinc sulfate (1.0 mg Zn2+/100 g body wt) p.o. for 3 days. Administration of zinc caused a marked elevation of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities, whereas it did not cause significant changes in succinate dehydrogenase, 5'-nucleotidase, ATPase, pyrophosphatase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activities. The effect of zinc was greater on alkaline phosphatase of the femoral diaphysis. Zinc content of the femoral diaphysis was raised significantly by administration of zinc. The addition of zinc in concentrations of 10(-2)-10(2) microM did not produce a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in the femoral diaphysis, indicating that zinc could not activate the enzyme. Administration of cycloheximide or actinomycin D completely inhibited the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity produced by administration of zinc. DNA content of the femoral diaphysis, but not epiphysis, was increased markedly by administration of zinc. The increases in both alkaline phosphatase activity and DNA content of the femoral diaphysis were not caused by administration of copper, manganese, cobalt, nickel and chromium(III). The present investigation suggests that zinc may induce the increase in alkaline phosphatase related to DNA synthesis and, as a result, stimulate bone growth.
...
PMID:Action of zinc on bone metabolism in rats. Increases in alkaline phosphatase activity and DNA content. 395 86

Subacute experiments were made to examine the effect of the grain contaminated with Fusarium sporotrichiella on the activity of organelle-specific enzymes of the liver, thymus, spleen, bone marrow and blood serum of rats (beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-galactosidase, arylsulfatases A and B, succinate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, ketoso-1-phosphate aldolase) and on the protein content. The feeding of the grain provoked an early appearance of the symptoms of intoxication and a change in the activity of organelle-specific enzymes manifesting in the activation of lysosomal hydrolases in the thymus, bone marrow and spleen and in a decrease in the blood serum activity of the most enzymes investigated.
...
PMID:[Enzyme characteristics of food poisoning caused by grain contaminated with Fusarium sporotrichiella]. 642 31

In porcine interareolar placental epithelia, the following enzymes were demonstrated by histochemical methods after 30, 58, 80, 100, and 110 d of pregnancy, respectively: beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterases, cytochrome oxidase, 5-nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase, adenosine triphosphatase, diaphorases (NADH, NADPH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD-glycero-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD, NADP), lactate dehydrogenase. The results show that most of the enzyme activities remained almost unchanged during the period of investigation. Only G-6-PDH and 6-PGDH activities increased within the uterine epithelium and nonspecific esterase activity within uterine as well as chorionic epithelia during the 2nd half of pregnancy. Within chorionic and uterine epithelia, hydrolases but not dehydrogenases demonstrated a higher activity at the bases of chorionic villi as compared to the apices and flanks of the latter. The action and influence of the demonstrated enzymes on metabolism, energy transfer, secretory, and resorptive activities of chorionic and uterine epithelia are discussed.
...
PMID:[Enzyme histochemical studies of the swine placenta. Histoptics of enzymes in interareolar placental epithelia]. 643 35

The time-course of the ultrastructural changes and activities of 6 marker enzymes of subcellular particles (succinate dehydrogenase, beta-glucosidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, acid RNAse, glucose-6-phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase) has been studied in the liver, spleen and thymus in rats administered T-2 toxin (mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species). A pronounced difference in the effect of T-2 toxin on the organs has been found. In the liver, the toxin induced a destruction of rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes, reduced ribosome number and progressively decreased activities of most enzymes. In the spleen, early and significant ultrastructural disturbances of all the cell membrane components and simultaneous lysosomal activation were observed. The changes in the thymus were characterized by a fast development of cell hydratation, organelle swelling and necrosis of some thymocytes with parallel increase in repair processes, infiltration by phagocytes and a selective activation of lysosomal hydrolases in the end of experimental time (72 h.). The results obtained emphasize an importance of cellular and subcellular membrane alterations in the mechanism of T-2 toxin action.
...
PMID:[Effect of T-2 toxin on organ ultrastructure and organelle-specific enzyme activity in rats]. 665 69


1 2 Next >>

---