Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ten menopausal females were studied. Histopathologically, the nasal mucosa was normal, except for the tunical glands which were reduced in number, more localized and showed hyperfunction. Histochemically, there was an increased activity of succinic dehydrogenase, alpha esterase, acid and alkaline phosphatase and choline esterase, indicating an increase in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid breakdown, phagocytic activity, vascularity, secretory activity and parasympathetic hyperactivity which may be responsible for these changes, reflecting the emotional disturbances common in the menopause. These changes were not related to the ovarian steroid hormones. The change in the PAS stain was due to the low estrogen blood level.
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PMID:The human nasal mucosa in the menopause (a histochemical and electron microscopic study). 283 59

A lattice of high oxidative metabolic activity occurs in the intermediate gray layer of the human, monkey, and cat superior colliculus. It is composed of a matrix of high enzyme activity that surrounds pale islands or bands of lower activity. In the human the pale bands are 300-400 micron wide while in the smaller colliculi of the monkey and cat they are 100-200 micron wide. The lattice was demonstrated by studying either cytochrome oxidase or succinate dehydrogenase. In the cat and monkey the lattice occurs at the same depth as the lattice of intense acetylcholinesterase activity, but the two lattices are not in spatial register. In the human the lattice of high oxidative metabolic activity is in the middle of the intermediate gray layer, whereas the lattice of intensely stained cholinesterase activity is at the base of this layer, but again the two lattices are not in spatial register. However, in the middle of the intermediate gray layer of the human, there are elongated islands and bands of very low acetylcholinesterase activity that coincide with the pale islands and bands of low cytochrome oxidase activity. An additional lattice of high enzyme activity occurs based on the enzyme nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)-diaphorase. This lattice is prominent in the cat, occurs more faintly in the monkey, but did not appear to be present in the human. In the intermediate gray layer it had a high degree of overlap with the acetylcholinesterase lattice. The lattice of high oxidative metabolism contains loosely knit clusters of large multipolar cells containing high cytochrome oxidase activity and these cells do not occur in the pale islands. By contrast the cell bodies in the intermediate gray layer that contain either acetylcholinesterase or the diaphorase occur both between and within the patches of corresponding, high enzyme activity. It is suggested that the acetylcholinesterase and diaphorase lattices are mainly associated with afferent fibers while the lattice of high oxidative metabolism is mainly associated with intrinsic cells. The lattices occur in all mammals studied to date and appear to represent a fundamental principle in the organization of the mammalian colliculus. It is concluded that the lattices will provide a useful basis for further studies of the relationship between the many afferent and efferent modules thought to exist in this structure.
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PMID:Lattices of high histochemical activity occur in the human, monkey, and cat superior colliculus. 284 Jun 1

The tegument of Orthocoelium scoliocoelium and Paramphistomum cervi was examined using histochemical techniques and electron microscopy. On the basis of the distribution of acid and alkaline phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.2, E.C. 3.1.3.1), non-specific esterase (E.C. 3.1.1.1), cholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) and succinate dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.3.99.1) at light microscope level two distinct regions were recognized, an outer and an inner zone. Electron microscopy revealed that the tegument comprises an outer surface syncytium underlain by a thick subsyncytial zone and musculature. Deeper still occur the nucleated "tegumental cells". The latter are in cytoplasmic continuity with the surface syncytium via vacuolated cytoplasmic trabeculae which traverse the muscle layers and the subsyncytial zone. Three types of tegumental cells each lacking mitochondria were observed. The T1 cells synthesize discoid and electron dense T1 bodies while T2 cells produce oval and electron lucent T2 bodies. The third type of tegumental cells apparently produce no secretory bodies and may represent an embryonic cell type. The surface syncytium contains T1 and T2 secretory bodies and is bounded apically by a plasma membrane invested externally by a fuzzy and filamentous glycocalyx. The surface syncytium lacks mitochondria and is traversed by infoldings of the basal plasma membrane. Beneath the surface syncytium the subsyncytial zone is largely comprised of fibrous interstitial material. This zone, which is particularly thick in the amphistomes, is traversed by trabeculae and extensions of underlying parenchymal cells which usually contain mitochondria and lysosomes. The subsyncytial zone overlies numerous circular and longitudinal muscle fibres. The absence of mitochondria and enzymes associated with active transport suggests that the amphistome tegument may be mainly specialized for protection of the worm against mechanical and chemical conditions prevailing in the rumen. Active uptake of nutrients is probably not a primary function.
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PMID:Ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the tegument of Orthocoelium scoliocoelium and Paramphistomum cervi (Trematoda: Digenea). 297 78

Crude synaptic membranes isolated from calf brain cortex were subjected to an aqueous two-phase system and the partition of the various membrane constituents and activities between the phases were studied. These constituents were phosphate, cholesterol and protein. The activities measured were acetyl-cholinesterase, succinate dehydrogenase, 2',3'-cyclicnucleotide-3'-phosphohydrolase and stereospecific opiate-binding. The successful fractionation of the membranes was achieved by the use of an aqueous two-phase system in a counter-current distribution process. A ligand bound to poly(ethylene glycol) with an affinity for opiate receptors was synthesized by reacting 6-aminonaloxone with tresylpoly(ethylene glycol). The ligand-polymer was used to extract membrane-bound opiate receptors into the upper, poly(ethylene glycol)-rich phase. This use of affinity partitioning resulted in membrane fractions with a 3-4 fold higher ability to bind stereospecifically etorphine than the original preparations of synaptic membranes.
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PMID:Affinity partitioning and centrifugal counter-current distribution of membrane-bound opiate receptors using naloxone-poly(ethylene glycol). 299 69

It is demonstrated by experiments with rabbits that the Ca2+-ATP-ase activity is stabilized when using combined anesthetics (diacetylcholine + halothane + N2O) as distinct from application of halothane. A decrease in the cholinesterase activity is less pronounced than under the halothane action but more than with the diacetylcholine application. A decrease in the Na+, K+-ATP-ase activity is observed with all types of anesthesia. A considerable inhibition of creatine kinase under the action of combined anesthesia and halothane and an increase of the lactate dehydrogenase activity under diacetylcholine application in mitochondria are shown. Reliable differences in the succinic dehydrogenase activity are not detected.
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PMID:[Effect of combined anesthetics on the activity of various myocardium enzymes]. 303 46

A method of "thin slices" was developed for estimation of enzymatic activities in cells, in which relationship between structure elements was maintained and the cells were readily permeable for substrates. Activities of Na, K-ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase were markedly higher in thin slices than in homogenates; activities of choline esterase and lactate dehydrogenase were of the same value in both tissue preparations. As compared with controls, adrenalectomy caused a decrease in Na, K-ATPase activity in the tissue slices, activities of succinate- and lactate dehydrogenases were unaltered and the choline esterase activity was increased. Comparison of the enzymatic activities in homogenates and thin slices indicates that some contradictions in data on the effect of the adrenal cortex hormones on the activity of the enzymes involved in the ion transport porcesses are due mainly to unadequateness of the methods used.
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PMID:[Effect of adrenalectomy on the enzymatic activity in thin kidney slices and homogenates]. 625 88

The distribution pattern of cholinesterase, alkaline and acid phosphatases, adenosine triphosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase in the various cellular constituents of the gustatory epithelium, taste buds and lingual glands of the rat was subjected to a detailed histochemical study. An attempt was made to explain the structural and functional relationship on the basis of the distribution of the enzymes in these regions of the rat tongue.
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PMID:Histochemical distribution and functional role of phosphatases, cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase in the gustatory epithelium and lingual glands of the rat. 644 28

A new model of a microwave device was developed with a power of 10 kW at 2450 MHz. In order to accomplish even distribution of heating with minimum trauma and with a maximum certainty about enzyme inactivation, a modified magnetic field distribution was utilized rather than the conventional electric field. An integrated tuning system was used to increase efficiency and distribution of microwave energy absorption. This increased the ability of the instrument to properly inactivate the enzymes in the brain of both mice and large rats. In general, the time of irradiation for the rat was 600 to 900 msec and for the mice, 100 to 330 msec. The animal chambers used were designed so as not to impair breathing or too severely restrict movement. The effects of these improvements on microwave irradiation were confirmed by 1) observation of brain appearance, 2) effects on succinic dehydrogenase and cholinesterase activity, 3) measurement of regional temperatures in the animal's brain, 4) thermograms of the brain, 5) electron microscopic examination of brain tissue and 6) measurement of endogenous acetylcholine and catecholamines.
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PMID:Study of the use of the microwave magnetic field for the rapid inactivation of brain enzymes. 650 38

By means of some histochemical methods in the aortal reflexogenic zone receptors succinate dehydrogenase (SDG), monoaminoxidase (MAO) and cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been studied during canine ontogenesis. Differentiation of the compact receptors is accompanied with certain changes of their enzymochemical characteristics. By the end of the first week of the intrauterine life, in the structures of the canine compact receptors certain SDG and ChE activity is detected. In 15-day-old puppies the aortal compact receptors do not differ by their enzymatic activity from similar sensitive terminals in mature animals. The topography of the enzymatic activity corresponds to the definitive one at the age of 2-3 months.
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PMID:[Enzymo-chemical organization of the receptors of the aortic reflexogenic zone in dog ontogenesis]. 662 1

This work examines ultrastructural and histochemical changes in the human nasal respiratory mucosa resulting from regular use of oral contraceptives (OCs). 25 healthy women aged 20-25 years were treated with Anovlar (4 mg norethisterone and .05 mg ethinyl estradiol) for 9 months. Biopsies were taken from 5 each of the 15 who did not develop nasal symptoms at 3, 6, and 9 months and from the 10 who developed symptoms at 9 months. A punch biopsy was taken from the lower border of the inferior turbinate, 1 cm behind its anterior end, using 4% xylocaine without adrenalization. The biopsy was divided into 2 parts for electron microscopic study and histochemical study. All symptom-free subjects developed the same changes: glandular hyperactivity, increased acid mucopolysaccharide content of the ground substance, and an increased defensive mechanism due to increased phagocytic activity. The ultrastructural changes and histochemical reactions were similar to those of symptom-free pregnant women. The 10 women developing nasal symptoms showed squamous metaplasia, interepithelial edema, glandular hyperplasia, histiocytic proliferation, and fibrous tissue deposition, all attributed to the action of estrogen. The histochemical reactions were similar to those of chronic hypertrophic nonallergenic rhinitis: increased choline esterase in the subepithelium and stroma; increased acid phosphatase in the epithelium, subepithelium, and around the glands; and increased succinic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and alpha esterase in the mucus glands.
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PMID:The human respiratory nasal mucosa in females using contraceptive pills. An ultramicroscopic and histochemical study. 669 3


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