Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Haemonchus contortus, incubated in 10 micrograms/ml and 50 micrograms/ml concentrations of Nilzan and albendazole in Tyrode solution were stained for histoenzymatic demonstration of various phosphatases, oxido-reductases and esterases. The intestine showed major alterations after drug treatments. The alkaline phosphatases (AkPase), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), glucose-6-phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase showed a decreased activity in intestine after Nilzan treatment, whereas lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and monoamine oxidase resisted increased reaction. The albendazole treatment resulted in altered distribution pattern of the AkPase, ATPase, SDH, and GDH; while LDH, G-6-PD, and non-specific esterases exhibited slightly enhanced activity in the epithelium. The functional significance of these changes has been fully discussed.
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PMID:Effect of Nilzan and albendazole on the absorptive surfaces of Haemonchus contortus (Nematoda)--a histoenzymic study. 196 79

Parathyroid hormone-like peptide (PLP) is elaborated from certain tumors and is thought to play a role in the etiology of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. The amino-terminal portion of this peptide has a sequence homology with parathyroid hormone PTH. We have compared the agonist potency of the synthetic human amino-terminal 1-34 peptide [human (h)PLP-(1-34)] with that of intact PTH and its amino terminal fragment [hPTH-(1-34)] in the renal and metatarsal cytochemical bioassays (CBA). Furthermore, the antagonist activity of the truncated amino terminal molecule [hPLP-(3-34)] has been compared to that of [Norleu8.18,Tyr34]bovine PTH-(3-34)NH2, and we have also tested their ability to stimulate enzyme activities thought to be associated with bone formation and resorption. In the renal CBA, both PLP-(1-34) and hPTH-(1-34) were equipotent with intact hPTH. In the metatarsal CBA, although the two amino-terminal peptides were equipotent, they elicited an earlier response than the intact PTH molecule. In both assay systems the truncated PLP analog [hPLP-(3-34)] was a more potent antagonist of both PTH and PLP activity than was [Norleu8.18,Tyr34]bovine PTH-(1-34)NH2. In acute studies, hPLP-(1-34) and hPTH-(1-34) stimulated alkaline phosphatase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in osteoblasts to a similar extent, and both peptides stimulated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity in osteoclasts. Longer exposure to the peptides resulted in stimulation of enzyme activity in osteoclasts but not osteoblasts, although there was no difference in potency between the two molecules.
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PMID:Bioactivity of parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-like peptide: agonist and antagonist activities of amino-terminal fragments as assessed by the cytochemical bioassay and in situ biochemistry. 200 12

Histochemical and histoenzymatic features of the adrenal medulla were studied 60 days after the end of an exposure to detergents. The findings obtained, point to an increase in the quantity of nucleic acids, and an intensified activity of nonspecific esterases as well as the cytochrome oxidase in rats maintained in a detergent manufacturing plant. The activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase was reduced in the control animals, as well as the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and isoenzyme "S" lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of isoenzyme "F" lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase is greater in the group which had been exposed to detergent influence. An active engagement of medullocytes is emphasized at this term of the experiment. The agent applied elicits a disturbance in the metabolism of glucose and a number of other substances. The author is of the opinion that an altered and stimulated synthesis and secretion of catecholamines takes place in the adrenal medullocytes under the experimental conditions which were investigated. The neuroendocrine system has been engaged in a series of processes which had been studied.
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PMID:[Histoenzymatic characteristics of the adrenal medulla 60 days after ending exposure to detergents]. 207 70

Quantitative cytochemical methods were applied to measure the activity of several oxidative enzymes in human articular cartilage of the femoral head obtained from osteoarthritic patients (OA) and from patients with fractured femoral neck (OP) due to primary osteoporosis. In both conditions, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was found to be the most active one followed by two additional cytosolic enzymes: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). On the other hand, the activity of mitochondrial enzymes such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and beta-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase (HOAD), appeared much lower in degree. Except for HOAD, all the other enzymes exhibited a high degree of activity along the inner zone in the cartilage, i.e., zone 3b, indicative of an apparently more active metabolism in the osteochondral junction. G6PD activity was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in OP than in OA patients. By contrast, SDH appeared more active in specimens obtained from OA patients. The remaining enzymes showed no appreciable activity differences between cartilages of OP and OA patients. These findings suggest that oxidative enzyme activity in chondrocytes involved in osteoarthritis does not differ substantially from that in cartilage of OP patients.
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PMID:Cellular enzymatic activities in the articular cartilage of osteoarthritic and osteoporotic hip joints of humans: a quantitative cytochemical study. 209 76

The neurochemical changes induced by malathion, an organophosphate compound, were determined in rats. Maximal changes were found in the brain 2 h after the administration of malathion in a dose of 500 mg/kg ip. The activities of cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase were reduced whereas those of glycogen phosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, and hexokinase were increased; the lactate content of brain was also increase. In malathion treated adrenalectomized animals, changes in the activities of cerebral cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase were still present; other changes were, however, abolished by adrenalectomy. Activities of certain enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase were not significantly altered by malathion in normal or adrenalectomized animals. The results indicate that cerebral cholinergic mechanism in malathion treated animals was not modified by adrenalectomy which, however, abolished or reduced changes in the activities of certain glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes that are involved in the utilization or metabolism of glucose. The brain lactate content in malathion treated adrenalectomized animals was, also, not significantly different from the control values, suggesting that modification of induced changes by adrenalectomy.
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PMID:Modification of malathion induced neurochemical changes by adrenalectomy in rats. 209 80

A new method for the primary monolayer cultures of adult rabbit gastric mucous cells has been developed. Rabbit gastric mucosal cells were isolated with etylenediaminetetraacetic acid and collagenase. Cells were cultured in Coon's modified Ham's F-12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 15mM HEPES buffer, antibiotics, and antimycotic. The cells reached confluency on days 3-4. Histochemically 92% of the cells contained PAS positive gramules (mucous cells), 3% of cells showed a strong reaction for succinic dehydrogenase activity (parietal cells), 2% of the cells showed positive granules by Bowie staining (chief cells), and G6PDH staining was positive in 5% of the cells (surface mucous cells). Fibroblasts were rarely seen until day 7 (less than 1%). Thus rabbit cultured gastric cells were considered to be mainly comosed of mucous neck cells. These cells produced prostaglandin (PG) E2 and PGI2. Quantitatively cultured cells synthesized 1.475 +/- 0.039 ng/mg protein/hour of PGE2 and 0.244 +/- 0.042 pg/mg protein/hour of PGI2. This relatively simple and convenient technique provides a useful model for the study of cellular functions of gastric mucosa.
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PMID:A monolayer culture of gastric mucous cells from adult rabbits. 210 63

Chronic infection of woodchucks with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) was associated with the development of hepatitis, foci of altered hepatocytes and hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. The cytomorphological and cytochemical analysis permitted the identification of three different types of focal lesions; namely, glycogen-storage foci, mixed-cell foci and intermediate-cell foci, each showing a characteristic pattern. The cells of the glycogen-storage foci had clear to acidophilic cytoplasm, and were overloaded with glycogen. They showed a marked elevation in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH), increased activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), reduction in the activity of glycogen phosphorylase (PHO), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and adenyl cyclase (ADC), and unchanged activity of glycogen synthase (SYN) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The mixed-cell foci mainly consisted of basophilic cells poor in glycogen, but were intermingled with cells containing glycogen. These foci were characterized by a marked decrease in activity of PHO, SYN, G6Pase, G6PDH, ATPase and ADC, and increased activity of GGT, SDH, MDH and GAPDH. The intermediate-cell foci consisted of cells with both basophilic and glycogenotic cytoplasmic compartments, and showed a similar enzyme histochemical profile to the mixed-cell foci, with slight differences in the degree of elevation or reduction of some enzymes. The phenotypic similarities and the close spatial relationship between the foci of altered hepatocytes, and the hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in WHV-infected woodchucks, suggest that these lesions are preneoplastic. The focal morphological and metabolic aberrations emerging during hepatocarcinogenesis in WHV-infected woodchuck, are in principle similar to those identified in the course of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in various species. The focal metabolic aberrations apparently represent a general biological response of the liver parenchyma to oncogenic agents and are closely linked to neoplastic transformation of the hepatocytes.
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PMID:Phenotypic patterns of preneoplastic and neoplastic hepatic lesions in woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus. 215 41

The activity of human myocardial enzymes in sudden coronary death (SCD) was quantitatively histochemically examined. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta-oxybutyrate dehydrogenase (beta-OBDH), alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH), NAD-diaphorase (NAD-ase), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) was measured on prompt autopsies (up to 3 hours of death onset). beta-OBDH and LDH showed an increase in activity in the myocardium from the subjects who had suddenly died from coronary heart disease without evident changes in the heart. In SCD in the presence of small cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes characterizing the major processes of energy generation was also enhanced, which was caused by moderately severe myocardial hypertrophy. In the myocardium from the subjects who had died from coronary heart disease in the presence of large postinfarction cardiosclerosis, the activity of the enzymes was directly related to the degree of myocardial hypertrophy and the signs of chronic heart failure. As myocardial hypertrophy progressed, the enzymatic activity rose, but there were signs of chronic heart failure, it fell. The findings suggest that the changes in myocardial enzymatic activity in SCD are heterogeneous and associated with the type of prior abnormalities in the cardiovascular system.
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PMID:[Disorders of myocardial metabolism in sudden coronary death in the presence of coronary atherosclerosis: findings of quantitative histoenzymologic studies]. 221 37

Histochemical profiles were made of identified spinal motoneurons from normal adult zebrafish and from animals subjected to cordotomy or unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves. The lesions caused an increase of the myotomal area with oxidative muscle fibers. We studied the question: do changes in the myotomal muscle configuration concur with changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of innervating motoneurons? Based on the location and size of cell somata, two categories of motoneurons are distinguished: large white (W) motoneurons that innervate the deep fast, glycolytic muscle fibers, and smaller red and intermediate (RI) motoneurons that innervate the superficial slow oxidative and intermediate muscle fibers. In normal animals, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity is high in the large W motoneurons and relatively low in the small RI motoneurons. The reverse holds for succinate dehydrogenase activity. W and RI motoneurons show similar nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase activity. Short- (2 weeks) and long- (8 weeks) term effects of lesions were studied. The results show that: (1) the 3 types of lesions lead to prolonged changes in the enzyme histochemical profiles of spinal motoneurons. The type of change depends on the type of lesion and on the type of motoneuron; (2) unilateral axotomy of the motor nerves affects the histochemical characteristics of spinal motoneurons and the myotomal muscle fiber type configuration on the ipsi- and contralateral side. The contralateral effects are conceived as adaptations to maintain a left-right symmetry in the motor output.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemical profiles of fish spinal motoneurons after cordotomy and axotomy of motor nerves. 228 25

The depletion of proteoglycans (PGs), induced by a single intravenous injection of papain, is a useful model for studying the response of chondrocytes in vivo to injury. The present study concentrated on the activity of enzymes related to the synthesis of PGs, either directly, with uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD), or indirectly, through the general oxidative metabolism of the chondrocytes. Most of the enzymes showed diminished activity on day 2; in some, there was little change in activity, whereas in others there was marked increase in activity over the following days. Thus, on day 9 the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were twice the original (day 0) values, and those of succinate dehydrogenase and of UDPGD were one and a half times greater than the original activities. Such increased enzymatic activity preceded the increase in PG content, which by day 14 reached up to 80% of the initial value. Both the increased activity and the replenishment of the PG content were inhibited when hydrocortisone (10 mg/kg) was injected.
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PMID:Altered chondrocytic oxidative metabolism during the restoration of depleted intercellular matrix. 237 15


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