Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cryptorchidism of the mature rat testis led to degeneration of the seminiferous tubules and changes in enzyme patterns and activities. Spermatogenic stages 1-4, containing pachytene primary spermatocytes in late meiotic prophase, and stage 5, containing recently formed round spermatids, were damaged by 48 h. Within 96 h stages showed a loss of germinal cells into the lumen and this was almost complete by 192 h. Acid phosphatase showed increased histochemical activity in the basal area of the seminiferous tubule up to 96 h of cryptorchidism, and at 192 h much of the activity was located in large lipidcontaining bodies within the remaining seminiferous epithelium. Total and free biochemical acid phosphatase decreased during cryptorchidism in parallel with cell loss; there were no significant changes in total cathepsin D activity but free enzyme activity was increased throughout the experimental period indicating increased lability of lysosomes in the Sertoli cell. Lactate dehydrogenase activity was mainly tubular but succinate dehydrogenase also showed interstitial activity. Lipoamide dehydrogenase (NADH) was found mainly in the interstitium. During cryptorchidism both lactate and succinate dehydrogenase activity decreased in the tubules parallel to the loss of germinal cells, whereas lipoamide dehydrogenase (NADH) activity increased in both interstitial and tubular areas. It is suggested that the initial lesion in the seminiferous epithelium, produced by cryptorchidism is in the Sertoli cell and that germ cell damage may result from reduced function of the Sertoli cell.
 ...
PMID:The effect of cryptorchidism on the quantitative histology, histochemistry and hydrolytic enzyme activity of the rat testis. 2 15

Acute renal failure was induced in male rats by the subcutaneous injectioon of 4 mg HgC12 per kg body weight. Enzyme activities of the proximal tubule were studied histochemically at six time intervals from 15 min to 24 h. The enzyme studied were alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, acid phosphatase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (NAD-independent), malic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, latic dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase. Decreases in activity were observed for alkaline phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase after 15 min. Acid phosphatase was decreased after 30 min. These three enzymes returned to control levels after 3 h, but malic dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase were decreased at this time interval. Succinic dehydrogenase was first decreased after 6 h. The earliest morphological changes detectable by light microscopy were observed in pars recta tubules in the medullary rays after 6 h, a time when all enzymes studied showed widespread decreased activity throughout the proximal tubule. After 24 h, the pars convoluta appeared morphologically normal but the pars recta was necrotic and exhibited calcification, whereas enzyme activity was decreased (absent in some cases) in both pars convoluta and pars recta. These results support the hypothesis that Hg++, when given in a sublethal dose, is associated with early histochemical changes in the brush border of the proximal tubule, which may be related to early changes in sodium reabsorption and to the subsequent development of acute renal failure. The observation that changes in plasma membrane-associated enzymes occur early and prior to alterations in enzymes of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum suggests that Hg++ interacts initially with the plasma membrane.
 ...
PMID:Studies on the pathophysiology of acute renal failure. II. A histochemical study of the proximal tubule of the rat following administration of mercuric chloride. 18 27

Using histochemical techniques, changes in the localization of different reserve substances (e.g. pectic compounds, starch, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, ascorbic acid) and enzymes (Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, ATP-ase, 5-nucleotidase, esterase, phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and lipase) have been studied in the young and fertilized ovules of Zephyranthes sp. and Lagenaria sp. etc. Extensive changes in the enzyme activity and reserve substances are demonstrated during megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis and most of the substances exhibited interesting distributional pattern. Similarly, all the enzymes investigated have specific locale of distribution in the tissues which displayed differentiation of embryo sac. The earlier changes observed are in the megaspore which contained many reserve substances (starch; nucleic acids; ascorbic acid; proteins) and enzymes (peroxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and ATP-ase). In the matured embryo sac different cells have differential localization of the substances. Based on histochemical studies, distinct differences are made out between egg and synergids; egg and central cell. In general antipodals have maximum accumulation of physiologically active substances and intense activity of different enzymes. Nucellus cells also stored diverse substances and enzymes especially towards the chalazal end. Pollination stimulated accumulation of several reserve substances and enzymes in the tip of nucellus beak, micropylar zone and these included starch, peroxidase, phosphorylase succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase etc.
 ...
PMID:Physiology of sexual reproduction. I. A histochemical study of the embryo sac development in Zephyranthes rosea and Lagenaria vulgaris. 81 Oct 56

Studies have been made on ontogenetic changes in the activity of succinic dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase from the lymphocytes of rabbit blood. It was found that maturation of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase takes place at later stages as compared to other enzymes. The activity of succinic dehydrogenase gradually decreases. Acid phosphatase activity, being rather high in very young animals, also decreases with ageing.
 ...
PMID:[Enzymatic characteristics of blood lymphocytes during postnatal rabbit ontogenesis]. 89 87

The ultrastructure of feline yolk sacs from 11 stages between the 14th and the 66th day is described with reference to the endoderm and the mesothelium; supplementary histochemical and cytochemical studies are included. Despite the absence of yolk, the endodermal epithelium shows a high degree of differentiation and activity, especially in the period between the 25th and the 38th day. Large stacks of RER, abundant SER, mitochondria enveloped by RER cisternae, and a peculiar type of lysosome are the most prominent organelles. Acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases are found with high activity, whereas the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase assay stains the endothelium only moderately. Indications of reabsorption are less marked. In view of the apparent immaturity of the liver parenchymal cells at this stage, the yolk sac endoderm of cat is suggested to act as an important extraembryonic site of biosynthesis. As preliminary results of a chemical analysis show that the yolk sac fluid has nearly no nutritional value, the substances synthesized are believed to be transported directly to the fetus. The mesothelium shows relatively few alterations over the period studied, is less rich in organelles and is obviously far less active than the endoderm.
 ...
PMID:On the yolk sac of the cat. Endoderm and mesothelium. 103 35

In HeLa cells, RNA polymerase III (pol III)-mediated transcription is severely inhibited by poliovirus infection. This inhibition is due primarily to the reduction in transcriptional activity of the pol III transcription factor TFIIIC in poliovirus-infected cells. However, the specific binding of TFIIIC to the VAI gene B-box sequence, as assayed by DNase I footprinting, is not altered by poliovirus infection. We have used gel retardation analysis to analyze TFIIIC-DNA complexes formed in nuclear extracts prepared from mock- and poliovirus-infected cells. In mock-infected cell extracts, two closely migrating TFIIIC-containing complexes, complexes I and II, were detected in the gel retardation assay. The slower migrating complex, complex I, was absent in poliovirus-infected cell extracts, and an increase occurred in the intensity of the faster-migrating complex (complex II). Also, in poliovirus-infected cell extracts, a new, rapidly migrating complex, complex III, was formed. Complex III may have been the result of limited proteolysis of complex I or II. These changes in TFIIIC-containing complexes in poliovirus-infected cell extracts correlated kinetically with the decrease in TFIIIC transcriptional activity. Complexes I, II, and III were chromatographically separated; only complex I was transcriptionally active and specifically restored pol III transcription when added to poliovirus-infected cell extracts. Acid phosphatase treatment partially converted complex I to complex II but did not affect the binding of complex II or III. Dephosphorylation and limited proteolysis of TFIIIC are discussed as possible mechanisms for the inhibition of pol III-mediated transcription by poliovirus.
 ...
PMID:A transcriptionally active form of TFIIIC is modified in poliovirus-infected HeLa cells. 220 7

A histological and histochemical study of ingested food material, energy stores and enzymes in the monogenean Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae, parasitizing the gills of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is presented. It was found that mucus, epithelial cells and blood from the gills were ingested. Glycogen deposits were small and primarily located in the parenchyma and to a minor extent in the vitellariae. Numerous globules of neutral lipids were found in the vitellariae. A marked esterase activity was found in the gut and a less marked activity in the vitellariae. Acid phosphatase activity was found throughout the body whereas alkaline phosphatase and leucine-amino-peptidase were not detected. Marked activity of succinate dehydrogenase and NADH-diaphorase was found in all cells, indicating a predominantly aerobic metabolism in this monogenean.
 ...
PMID:The nutrition of the gill parasitic monogenean Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae. 342 77

Phagocytic vesicles were obtained by density gradient centrifugation of homogenized rabbit alveolar macrophages that had ingested emulsified paraffin oil contained Oil Red O. The phagocyte vesicles floated and thereby were separated from the soluble fraction and from other cell components which sedimented. The purity of the isolated vesicles was documented by electron microscopy, chemical and enzyme analysis. The vesicles contained 87% of the cell-associated Oil Red O, and were essentially free of DNA, RNA, succinic dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphatase. Acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, and catalase were transferred from the sedimenting fraction to the phagocytic vesicle fraction during phagocytosis, whereas enzyme activities of the soluble fraction remained unchanged. Half of the catalase of resting macrophages was in the pellet fraction and, compared with acid phosphatase, greater amounts of digitonin were required to release full activity. Such differential latency has been described for enzymes of peroxisomes vs. those of lysosomes. Compared with polymorphonuclear leukocyte vesicles studied previously, phagocytic vesicles of macrophages had more electron-dense material and lower Oil Red O:protein, phospholipid:protein, and enzyme:protein ratios. It is thus probable that secondary lysosomes become part of the macrophage vesicle. When paraffin oil particles, the stimulus for phagocytic vesicle formation, were washed away from the macrophages, acquisition of hydrolases by preformed vesicles ceased, i.e. transfer of these enzymes into phagocytic vesicles occurred only during or shortly after the formation of new vesicles. As noted previously by others, the content of acid hydrolases of stimulated alveolar macrophages was doubled in comparison to normal cells. The difference between stimulated and normal macrophages was even more marked when isolated phagocytic vesicles were analyzed. Vesicles from stimulated macrophages had 3-5 times more enzyme activity (per milligram of vesicle protein or per amount of paraffin oil ingested) than did vesicles from normal cells.
 ...
PMID:Isolation and properties of phagocytic vesicles. II. Alveolar macrophages. 501 Nov 3

Some cytochemical characteristics were determined in peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils of patients with HBsAg-positive hepatitis. The reduction of phospholipids, lysosomal cation proteins, neutrophil peroxidase and lymphocyte succinate dehydrogenase was found to correlate with the disease severity. Acid phosphatase activity and the content of lymphocyte RNA were discovered to increase depending on the disease severity. Complete recovery of the characteristics enumerated occurred only in mild forms of hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:[Possibilities for cytochemical research on neutrophils and lymphocytes in assessing the severity of the course and the completeness of recovery in viral hepatitis B]. 652 65

An enzymohistochemical and immunohistochemical study of the efferent ducts was performed in normal adult men. The epithelium consists of two types of columnar cells: principal cells (PCs) and ciliated cells (CCs), and is surrounded by a lamina propria (LP) with cells arranged circularly (LPCs). Enzymohistochemical study revealed more intense activity of succinic dehydrogenase, NADP, and ATPase in the CCs than in the PCs. The LPCs also showed an intense reaction for NADP and ATPase. Acid phosphatase activity was only intense in the apical cytoplasm of PCs. Immunohistochemical study revealed that antibodies to oestradiol receptor-related protein (ER-D5) immunostained the PCs and CCs intensely and the LPCs weakly. AE1/AE3 antibodies (which stain keratins nos. 1-8 and 14, 15 and 19) immunostained the PCs intensely, but was negative in both CCs and LPCs. Antibodies to keratin Ks.4.62 (which stain keratin no. 19) immunostained PCs and CCs but not LPCs. Epithelial membrane antigen antibodies (EMA) immunostained the adluminal surface and apical cytoplasm of PCs. Anti-vimentin antibodies immunostained the cytoplasm of PCs and CCs weakly as well as isolated cells in the LP. Antibodies to desmin immunostained most LPCs. Antibodies to collagen IV immunostained the basal lamina and many extracellular spaces in the LP, mainly around the LPCs. The differences between the enzymohistochemical and immunohistochemical patterns of the efferent ducts and those of the epididymis may help to explain functional differences along the epididymis.
 ...
PMID:Enzymohistochemical and immunohistochemical study of the human efferent ducts. 827 25


1 2 Next >>