Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.3.5.1 (succinate dehydrogenase)
 8,177 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carbon-14 was incorporated into oxalate and CO2 from either citrate-1,5-14C, succinate-1,4-14C, or fumarate-1,4-14C by cultures of Aspergillus niger pregrown on a medium which contained glucose as the sole carbon source and which did not allow citrate accumulation. In cell-free extracts of mycelium forming oxalate and CO2 from added citrate the following enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were identified: citrate synthase CE 4.1.3.7), aconitate hydratase (EC4.2.1.3), NAD and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41, 1.1.1.42), (alpha-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.2), succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), fumarate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.2), and malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37). The in vitro activity of aconitate hydratase and of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase was shown to be almost identical to the rate of in vivo degradation of citrate or to exceed this rate. The degradation of citrate to oxalate was inhibited completely by 9 mM fluoroacetate. It is concluded that the TCA cycle is involved in the formation of oxalate from citrate.
 ...
PMID:Oxalate accumulation from citrate by Aspergillus niger. II. Involvement of the tricarboxylic acid cyclase. 115

A histichemical study is presented of the activity of some redox enzymes (succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NAD-diaphorase and lactate dehydrogenase) in 37 cultured human glial brain tumours. The stages of cell activity at different periods of tumour cultivation and the level of their differentiation in the initial tissue were taken into consideration. The examined tumour cultures showed enzymatic cell polymorphizm. During of period of adaptation of explants, the activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes was low to increase during differentiation and proliferation of cultures. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase elevated in tumour cells from cultures of dedifferentiated astrocytomas and glioblastomas mith marked anaplasia. The activity of this enzyme increased also in the course of advanced necrobiotic changes in the tumour cells.
 ...
PMID:[Histochemical study of the enzymatic activity of cultivated human macroglial brain tumors]. 116 47

The content of the Krebs cycle substrates and activity of dehydrogenases corresponding to them were studied in the brain and myocardium tissues of the non-linear male rats adapted to acute hypoxia under conditions of the altered gas medium. The content of malate and succinic acid was studied in the liver and skeletal muscles only. In the brain the total activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37, 1.1.1.39) alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KDH, EC 1.2.4.2) pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH, EC 1.2.4.1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH, EC 1.1.1.41-42) is shown to be decreased and kept to be lowered in all the periods of the study. No essential shifts in the activity of these dehydrogenases were found in the myocardium. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.3.99.1) in both tissues lowers 48 h after the effect of the mentioned factors. Simultaneously the greatest changes in the level of the substrates were observed in the myocardium, in the brain they were less developed. In the liver the content of malate increases without pronounced changes in the amount of succinic acid and in the skeletal muscles the level of malate and succinic acid lowers.
 ...
PMID:[Krebs cycle in tissue of rats subjected to combined effect of hypercapnia, hypoxia and cooling]. 121 51

Eighty consecutive cases of sterility was screened for suspected insufficiency of luteal function. The parameters used in the assessment were one value each for pregnandiol and oestrogen excretion, the basal temperature, the histological picture of secretory endometrium, as well as the activity of endometrial malate dehydrogenase and carbonanhydrase, or malate dehydrogenase and succinic dehydrogenase. Histological irregularities, a short luteal phase as indicated by the basal temperature, early abortion and a pregnandiol excretion of less than 1.9 mg were usually accompanied by low endometrial enzymatic acitvity. A comparison of pregnandiol excretion levels with the other four investigated parameters indicated that the number of negative findings increased with decreasing pregnandiol values. In this way, low oestrogen excretion values occurred more frequently with low pregnandiol values. However, when taken in conjunction with other findings, a low oestrogen value does not seem to be characteristic of luteal insufficiency. In certain cases the suspicion of luteal insufficiency increases with decreasing pregnandiol values and with the number of negative findings concerning basal temperature, endometrial histology and enzymatic activity, as well as oestrogen excretion. According to this point of view the incidence of a presumptive luteal phase defect was 33% in the present investigation.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical screening of sterility cases for the possible presence of luteal phase defect (author's transl)]. 121 43

In the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the guinea pig, rat, golden hamster, and mouse the activity and distribution of enzymes related to the energy-supplying metabolism and of some marker enzymes of different cell organelles have been investigated by means of mostly modified histochemical methods. The results were compared with findings in the ciliated ependyma of the ventricular wall and with those in the ependyma of the choroid plexus of the third ventricle. In the ependymal part of the SCO only a moderate activity of hexokinase is observed in its specialized columnar cells whereas a high activity is present both in the ciliated ependyma and the choroid plexus. - The staining pattern of glucose-6-phosphatase is similar to that of hexokinase but this enzyme is found is the SCO only. - Likewise hexokinase, glycogen granules and enzymes related to glycogen metabolism (phosphoglucomutase, uridine-diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase, glycogen synthetase and phosphorylase) are regularly found most numerous and active in the nuclear and supra-nuclear area of the ependymal part. These enzymes are less active in both the other ependymal regions. - Uridine-diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase could not be demonstrated in the SCO. The NADP-linked enzymes of the pentose phosphate shunt, glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, show a moderate activity which decreases also from the nuclear towards the apical area of the ependymal cells of the SCO. Enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, such as glucosephosphate isomerase, fructose-6-phosphate kinase, fructose-I,6-diphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and lactate dehydrogenase, are highly active in the SCO and are located mainly in the supranuclear area, too. Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase could not be demonstrated thus indicating that in the SCO the pathway is most probably only glycolytic but not gluconeogenetic. Compared to the ependyma of the ventricular wall and of the choroid plexus, in the SCO the M type subunits of lactate dehydrogenase predominate. Glycolytic enzymes are also very active in the choroid plexus but less in the ciliated ependyma. Compared to the ciliated ependyma and especially to the ependyma of the choroid plexus, the activities of enzymes which are only present in mitochondria (NAD-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NAD-linked malate dehydrogenase after preextraction, cytochrome oxidase, 3-hydroxybutyrate and glycerolphosphate and glutamate dehydrogenase) are relatively low. Mitochondria are accumulated near the superior pole of the nuclei as well as in the most apical part of the ependymal cells. - The staining pattern of NADP-linked isocitrate and malate dehydrogenase as well as of NADH dehydrogenase suggests that these enzymes are localized both in and out of mitochondria. The extramitochondrial activity of the first two enzymes might be localized in the cytosol. The extramitochondrial activity of NADH dehydrogenase might be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum...
 ...
PMID:Enzymatic organization of the subcommissural organ. 123 49

The effects of trivalent and hexavalent chromium (Cr3+ and Cr6+) compounds on renal and hepatic respiratory enzymes and metabolites of a freshwater fish, Anabas scandens, were studied. In a subchronic exposure of 30 days, both forms of chromium inhibited the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase, whereas the hexavalent form induced greater effects. The levels of pyruvate and lactate are not exactly reflected in lactate dehydrogenase activity.
 ...
PMID:Nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of trivalent and hexavalent chromium in a teleost fish Anabas scandens: enzymological and biochemical changes. 128 73

The maximal rates (Vmax) of some mitochondrial enzyme activities related to energy transduction (citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, NADH-cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome oxidase) and amino acid metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamate-pyruvate- and glutamate-oxaloacetate- transaminases) were evaluated in non-synaptic ("free") and intrasynaptic "light" and "heavy" mitochondria from hippocampus of Macaca fascicularis (Cynomolgus monkey). The different mitochondrial populations were isolated from the hippocampus of monkeys treated p.o. with dihydroergocryptine at a dose of 12 mg/kg/day before and during the induction of a Parkinson's-like syndrome by MPTP administration (i.v., 0.3 mg/kg/day for 5 days). The MPTP administration modified the activity of some enzymes related to the metabolism of glutamate and the activity of succinate dehydrogenase on selected types of mitochondria. Pharmacological treatment by dihydroergocryptine promoted return to the steady-state levels of most enzymes, demonstrating a protective effect on these biochemical parameters.
 ...
PMID:Mitochondrial factors involved in Parkinson's disease by MPTP toxicity in Macaca fascicularis and drug effect. 146 62

Renal clear cell tubules and clear/acidophilic cell tumors were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by 7 weeks oral administration (stop model) of N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) at a concentration of 12 mg/100 ml in the drinking water. Twelve, 23 and 34 weeks after withdrawal of NNM serial cryostat sections of the kidneys were histochemically analyzed for the following parameters: glucose transporter proteins (GLUT1, GLUT2), glycogen content and the activities of glycogen synthase (SYN), glycogen phosphorylase (PHO), glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), hexokinase (HK), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Clear cell (glycogenotic) tubules first appeared at 23 weeks, and clear/acidophilic cell tumors at 34 weeks after withdrawal of the carcinogen. G6Pase, ALP, GGT and GLUT2 were absent in clear cell tubules, clear/acidophilic cell tubules, and clear/acidophilic cell tumors indicating a sequential origin of all these types of lesions from the collecting duct system, in line with previous morphological findings. In comparison to the collecting duct epithelium, glycogenotic tubules demonstrated an increased activity of PHO and reduced activities of glycolytic and mitochondrial enzymes, which were accompanied by a strongly reduced expression of GLUT1. Moderately increased activities of glycolytic and mitochondrial enzymes were observed in the clear cells of clear/acidophilic cell tubules and tumors compared with those in glycogenotic tubules. They had slightly increased activities of the glycolytic enzymes GAPDH and PK compared with normal collecting duct epithelium, while most of them were nearly lacking in GLUT1. Our findings suggest that glycogen storage is not due to an increased uptake of glucose from the blood, but results from a disturbance in intracellular flux of metabolites. The development of clear cell tubules from the normal collecting duct epithelium is accompanied by a markedly decreased expression of GLUT1 along with a reduction in glycolytic and mitochondrial enzymes. This reduction of enzyme activities is replaced by an increase in enzyme activities in clear/acidophilic cell tumors indicating a fundamental shift in carbohydrate metabolism during progression from preneoplastic to neoplastic lesions.
 ...
PMID:Sequential changes in glycogen content, expression of glucose transporters and enzymic patterns during development of clear/acidophilic cell tumors in rat kidney. 147 41

Neonatal rats were exposed to a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet to determine how substrate availability might affect the metabolic phenotype of muscle. Mixed-fiber homogenates of extensor digitorum longus, soleus, and diaphragm muscles were assayed for beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (beta-OAC), succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase (PFK), adenylokinase, and creatine kinase. The three muscles showed significant increases in enzyme activity for fatty acid oxidation (beta-OAC) in weaned neonatal rats maintained on the high-fat diet compared with normal weaned controls. This effect persisted for 6 wk of the diet. The other consistent metabolic change was a decrease in PFK. Adult animals subjected to the same diet had similar increases in fatty acid oxidation and a fall in PFK after 1 wk, with most of these changes persisting for the 4 wk of the diet. Examination of individual fibers revealed enzyme changes in fibers of all types, but with the largest effect in type IIb fibers. The data indicate that both adult and neonatal muscles are similarly capable of adjusting their energy metabolism in response to dietary factors.
 ...
PMID:Metabolic response to a high-fat diet in neonatal and adult rat muscle. 153 19

The program of acquisition of adult metabolic phenotypes was studied in three jaw muscles in order to determine the link between muscle metabolism and functional development. During early postnatal stages, there were similar transitions in the masseter, anterior digastric, and internal pterygoid muscles with respect to fiber growth, fiber type composition, and whole muscle energy metabolism. Oxidative capacity, as judged by the activities of the enzymes succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (beta OAC), rose sharply after birth to reach near maximal levels by 3 weeks. The capacities for glycolytic metabolism represented by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and for high-energy phosphate metabolism represented by adenylokinase (AK) and creatine kinase (CK) activities, rose gradually, not reaching peak values until 6 weeks or later. Thus, the maturation of oxidative metabolism preceded that of glycolytic metabolism in the developing jaw muscles. This was documented for individual fibers in the masseter muscle. Differential metabolic maturation among the jaw muscles was evident beyond 3 weeks. All three jaw muscles attained their specific adult fiber-type profile by about 6 weeks. This maturation program differed from that of hindlimb muscles [Nemeth et al., J Neurosci 9:2336-2343, 1989] and diaphragm muscle [Kelly et al., J Neurosci 11:1231-1242, 1991], reflecting their differential energy demands for contractile performance.
 ...
PMID:Metabolic transitions in rat jaw muscles during postnatal development. 161 79


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>