Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxygen free radicals damage kidneys and accumulate during the period of preservation prior to transplantation. We hypothesized that a perfusate containing either an oxygen free radical scavenger such as ceruloplasmin, or an iron-chelating agent such as deferoxamine, would improve kidney preservation. Thirty-eight mongrel dogs underwent autotransplantation of the left kidney after 30 min of warm ischemia and 48 hr of machine perfusion (MOX-100, Water Instruments, Rochester, MN) at 5 degrees C and pH of 7.4. The right kidney was removed at the time of autotransplantation. Four blind code-labeled preservation solutions were tested. SGF-I was used for the control group (Group 1, n = 13), and the remaining animals were transplanted with kidneys preserved with one of three solutions modified from the basic SGF-I solution: Group 2, SGF-I plus deferoxamine (656 mg/liter), n = 8; Group 3, SGF-I ceruloplasmin enriched (72 mg/dl), n = 8; and Group 4, SGF-I ceruloplasmin reduced (3.4 mg/dl), n = 9. Serum creatinine levels were measured daily for 2 weeks and survival curves for each of the four groups were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Peak mean serum creatinine levels +/- standard errors in Groups 1 through 4 were 12.6 +/- 1.97, 7.8 +/- 0.90, 7.1 +/- 1.26, and 8.2 +/- 1.09, respectively. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to their serum creatinine profiles (Wald's test x2 with 3 df = 22.39, P value less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Renal preservation after warm ischemia using oxygen free radical scavengers to prevent reperfusion injury. 206 61

The effect on copper status of diets containing homocysteine, an intermediate in the transsulfuration pathway of methionine metabolism, was investigated in rats. Two groups of six male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were provided with deionized water and pair-fed diets that were adequate (14.0 mg/kg) or deficient (1.3 mg/kg) in Cu to groups fed diets similarly adequate or deficient in Cu but containing DL-homocysteine (10 g/kg). Hemoglobin concentration, tissue Cu levels and the activities of the Cu-dependent enzymes--ceruloplasmin, superoxide dismutase and cytochrome c oxidase--were markedly lowered by Cu-deficient diets and by homocysteine. These dietary treatments also lowered the activity of glutathione peroxidase and produced concomitant increases in the activity of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase and iron levels in the liver. However, dietary homocysteine decreased hepatic Mn and low Cu diets decreased cardiac iron content. Moreover, both dietary treatments significantly lowered kidney Fe levels. Homocysteine increased heart, liver and kidney weights (g/100 g body tissue) and greatly elevated the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in heart tissue. These results indicate that dietary homocysteine can markedly lower Cu status in rats and result in tissue redistribution of Fe and increased cardiac levels of TBARS, a measure of lipid peroxidation.
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PMID:Effect of dietary homocysteine on copper status in rats. 216 45

The neurodegenerative properties of the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) are widely believed to result from its autoxidation in the central nervous system. The autoxidation chemistry of 5,6-DHT has been studied in aqueous solution at pH 7.2. The reaction is initiated by direct oxidation of the indolamine by molecular oxygen with resultant formation of the corresponding o-quinone 1 and H2O2. A rapid nucleophilic attack by 5,6-DHT on 1 leads to 2,7'-bis(5,6-dihydroxytryptamine) (6) which is more rapidly autoxidized than 5,6-DHT to give the corresponding diquinone 7 along with 2 mol of H2O2. The accumulation of 6 in the reaction solution during the autoxidation of 5,6-DHT despite its more rapid autoxidation indicates that diquinone 7 chemically oxidizes 5,6-DHT (2 mol) to quinone 1 so that an autocatalytic cycle is established. The H2O2 formed as a byproduct of these autoxidation reactions can undergo Fenton chemistry catalyzed by trace transition metal ion contaminants with resultant formation of the hydroxyl radical, HO., which directly oxidizes 5,6-DHT to a radical intermediate (9a/9b). This radical is directly attacked by O2 to yield quinone 1 and superoxide radical anion, O2.-, which further facilitates Fenton chemistry by reducing, inter alia, Fe3+ to Fe2+. A minor side reaction of 1 with water leads to formation of at least two trihydroxytryptamines. Diquinone 7 ultimately reacts with 6, 5,6-DHT, and perhaps trihydroxytryptamines, leading via a sequence of coupling and oxidation reactions to a black indolic melanin polymer. Enzymes such as tyrosinase, ceruloplasmin, and peroxidase and rat brain mitochondria catalyze the oxidation of 5,6-DHT to form dimer 7 and, ultimately, indolic melanin. The role of the autoxidation and the enzyme-mediated and mitochondria-promoted oxidations of 5,6-DHT in expressing the neurodegenerative properties of the indolamine are discussed.
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PMID:Further insights into the oxidation chemistry and biochemistry of the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine. 217 37

The ethanol-preferring (EP) rats have a higher level of lipid peroxidation in the brain and blood serum than the water-preferring rats. At the same time it was found that EP rats have a decreased antioxidant enzyme activity in the brain tissue (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and blood serum (ceruloplasmin and superoxide dismutase). This antioxidant status can lead to a greater sensitivity of the EP rat brain to ethanol toxicity. The increased catalase activity in blood of EP rats reflects the elevated metabolic tolerance of this group of animals to ethanol.
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PMID:[The characteristics of the enzyme status of the antioxidant protection and the level of lipid peroxidation in the brain tissue and blood of rats with differing preferences for ethanol]. 225 54

Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is very commonly encountered in Kashmir Valley of India. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels were investigated in 75 patients with GIT cancer, 42 non-GIT cancer and 75 normal healthy controls. The mean serum copper in the control group was 1,078 (S.D. 0,296) mg/L, while in patients with GIT and non-GIT cancers, it was 1,738 (S.D. 0,675) and 1,449 (S.D. 0,501) mg/L. Copper in both types of cancers showed significant increase (p less than 0.001). It was significantly higher in GIT cancers (p less than 0.01) as compared to non-GIT cancers. Ceruloplasmin in controls was 379 (S.D. 51) mg/L, while in GIT and non-GIT cancer patients the values were 363 (S.D. 75) and 364 (S.D. 77) mg/L, respectively. No significant difference could be found in either of the groups. In Kashmir Valley, the copper content in body tissues is likely to be on the high side because copper utensils are widely used by the general population. Water and milk samples stored in copper vessels and salt tea prepared in copper vessels showed markedly high levels of copper.
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PMID:Serum copper levels in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer. 253 34

The levels of the individual proteins albumin, caeruloplasmin, immunoglobulin G, and alpha 2-macroglobulin were determined by Laurell's electroimmunoassay in the serum and urine of 127 children. Their age ranged from 29 gestational weeks to 13 years. Highest levels of the proteins in the urine were found during the first days of life. The values did not depend on gestational age. The urine concentrations are influenced by glomerular filtration and the reabsorption of proteins and water. The steady state of these functions can be characterized by the serum/urine concentration ratios and the clearance of the proteins. In the first days after birth the permeability of the renal barrier is maximal, the concentration ratios are low and increase markedly up to the end of the first three months; after that, they continue to rise only slightly. The clearances of all the examined individual proteins decrease between term and the third month of life, thereafter increasing until late childhood. The selectivity of the glomerular filtration also shows its highest rate of development during the first days after term.
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PMID:[Physiological proteinuria in the newborn]. 257 46

The aim of this paper was to investigate the action of copper on some biochemical parameters of blood of Wistar rats exposed to a combined action of lead and ethanol. The animals received lead in drinking water (500 micrograms/ml) for 6 weeks, followed by copper (12 micrograms/ml) for 2 weeks. During the last 108 h of the experiments the rats received every 12 h an intragastric dose of 5g/kg of ethanol. In rats receiving copper together with ethanol the blood levels of copper, iron and lead were higher than in the rats receiving copper alone, the total and latent iron binding capacity were depressed, the transferrin saturation with iron was increased and the ceruloplasmin content--decreased. Copper protected rats against the action of lead on the following hematologic parameters: hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, iron concentration, total and latent iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation index, copper concentration and ceruloplasmin activity. Ethanol administration counteracts the protective effect of copper on iron concentration, total and latent iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation index and ceruloplasmin serum content.
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PMID:The interactions of copper, lead and ethanol in rats: effects on some biochemical parameters of blood. 261 86

Female C57BL mice heterozygous for the brindled gene were mated to normal males and fed on a purified diet low in copper throughout gestation and lactation with (+Cu) or without (-Cu) Cu-supplemented drinking water. Male offspring of two genotypes (control, +/y and brindled, Mobr/y) were compared when 10-12 d old. Brindled mice from dams on the -Cu treatment were smaller and had lower packed cell volumes than brindled mice from dams on the +Cu treatment. The -Cu brindled mice were smaller than their littermate brothers (+/y) but had equivalent biochemical features consistent with severe Cu deficiency. Compared with control mice from dams on the +Cu treatment, caeruloplasmin (EC 1.16.3.1) activity was lower in offspring of all three other groups including Mobr/y mice who were not anaemic. Iron levels were similar in organs and bone marrow from all four groups of offspring. When dietary Cu is limiting in brindled mice a more severe Cu deficiency ensues. Thus, appropriate Cu nutriture is important to the management of Menkes' disease in humans, a genetic analogue of the brindled mouse.
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PMID:Effects of dietary copper deficiency on male offspring of heterozygous brindled mice. 278 80

In athletes of high skills, a 5-percent decline of the body weight over 5 days by means of restricting water, fats and carbohydrates consumption was followed by reduced activity of ceruloplasmin and lysozyme of blood serum. After sauna attendance with a purpose of lessening the body weight, there was, along with a certain rise of the immunologic responsiveness of the body, a decrease in peroxidase activity, in the content of iron and copper in blood cells in the presence of appreciable losses of trace elements with sweat. Enrichment of the athletes' diets with trace elements combined with vitamins and bendasole hydrochloride in the course of sauna-induced body weight lessening not only prevented the negative alterations but also exerted a beneficial action on the function of certain body systems.
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PMID:[The effect of a rapid decrease in body weight and enriching rations with microelements on various functions of the athlete's body]. 281 9

The preparation and properties of ceruloplasmin from goose blood plasma are described. Ammonium sulfate was used to precipitate the crude protein followed by adsorption and elution from DEAE-Sephadex A-50. Further treatment with an ethanol-chloroform mixture and Sephadex G-200 yielded an intensely blue protein possessing a high degree of chemical purity and biological activity. Goose ceruloplasmin, existing in two forms, appears to be a single polypeptide, apparent Mr121,300, with an A610/A280 ratio of 0.07. Copper represented 0.32%, which corresponded to six atoms of copper per protein molecule. Although the amount of EPR-detectable copper was the same as in mammalian ceruloplasmins there were some differences in EPR parameters, mainly in A parallel. Goose ceruloplasmin's amino acid composition, although similar in many residues to human ceruloplasmin, was lower in tyrosine, cystine/cysteine, and acidic amino acids. Valine was found as the N-terminal amino acid. Hexose, hexosamine, sialic acid, and fucose accounted for 6.65% of the weight. Goose protein contained only half the sialic acid of human ceruloplasmin. Two values for Km using either p-phenylenediamine (0.64 and 0.053 mM) or o-dianisidine (0.76 and 0.15 mM) were evaluated from Lineweaver-Burk plots. EPR studies on reactions with water radiolysis products at cryogenic temperatures allowed us to discover that goose ceruloplasmin, like human and bovine ceruloplasmins, possesses superoxide dismutase activity.
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PMID:Purification and partial characterization of goose ceruloplasmin. 282 26


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