Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
 5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Variations in some humoral immune responses to polluted air were studied in two semicohorts of children, initial age 10 years, from two urban communities differing from each other by the degree of ambient air pollution. The material for analysis (blood, saliva) was collected every autumn and spring in 3 successive years, giving a total of 6 sets of specimens for each examinee. All blood specimens were examined for the serum level of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), lysozyme (LYS), total serum protein (TP) and the level of the acute reactants alpha 2 macroglobulin (A2M), alpha 1 antitrypsin (A1AT), transferrin (TRF) and ceruloplasmin (CPL). The saliva specimens were examined for the level of lysozyme (sLYS) and secretory IgA (sIgA). The mean protein concentrations for each of the 6 sampling series were correlated with the mean of 24-h emission concentrations measured in the last 3 months preceding the autumn or spring sampling series. In the community area characterized by a low-degree non-industrial pollution of air the correlations of immunoglobulins to SO2 and floating particles (FP) in air were as a rule inversed while the response from TP, LYS and acute reactants was direct. In the community contaminated by industrial pollutants, correlations between proteins and SO2 were markedly weaker, but there was a significant positive correlation between H2S and levels of IgA and A2M in blood and sIgA and sLYS in the saliva. A high degree of positive correlation was also observed between H2S and levels of IgM and LYS. Inverse correlations were only between levels of LYS and FP, SO2 and H2S. Significant correlations were also between contaminant concentrations and FP. The associations found between the contaminant concentrations in air and levels of blood and saliva proteins supports the hypothesis that quality of air may have considerable impacts on defense mechanisms. Seasonal variations in the quality of air may increase the rates of childhood morbidity for acute upper respiratory tract infections.
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PMID:Relationship of blood protein levels to outdoor air pollutant concentrations in a semicohort of school-age children living in urban areas differing by quality of air. 245 10

The transport of immunoglobulins across the intestinal mucosa of neonatal rats provides an excellent model for the study of transcellular protein transport. The mechanism of intestinal uptake and transcellular transport of plasma proteins has been studied in 12-14-day old rats using intraduodenally administered radioiodinated proteins. Appreciable quantities of rat IgG, mouse IgG, rabbit IgG, and all four subclasses of human IgG were taken up by the intestinal wall (19-54% of administered dose at 4 hr) and transported to the animal (10-35% of administered dose at 4 hr). In contrast there was little or no uptake of human IgM, IgA, and IgE and little or no transport of human IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, albumin, transferrin, and ceruloplasmin. Both the uptake and transport of labeled IgG were significantly inhibited by unlabeled IgG. Further insight into the transport process was obtained from the observation that an appreciable proportion of the label of IgG in intestinal wall homogenates, but not in plasma or intestinal washings, migrated in a sucrose ultracentrifugation gradient much more rapidly than did the administered 7S molecules. This pattern was not observed with other proteins studied. This apparent binding of labeled IgG was also markedly inhibited by unlabeled IgG. In subcellular fractionation studies of intestinal homogenates the complexed labeled IgG was shown to be associated predominantly with cell membrane rather than cell sap fractions. In addition IgG could be shown to bind to purified enterocyte microvillous membranes in vitro. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT IN THE NEONATAL RAT: (a) the major processes involved in both intestinal uptake and transport of IgG are specific and saturable; (b) intestinal transport is associated with complexing of IgG molecules with membranes, most probably with enterocyte microvillous membranes; and (c) the part of the IgG structure involved in this process is probably similar to that involved in the concentration-catabolism effect but is not identical to that mediating other non-antigen combining functions of IgG. Our data are consistent with the existence of specific receptors for IgG on enterocyte microvillous membranes of the neonatal rat. Such receptors would be necessary for the specific uptake and transport of these molecules.
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PMID:The mechanism of intestinal uptake and transcellular transport of IgG in the neonatal rat. 508 Apr 17