Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
 5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two phases of arthritis, acute phase (four days after adjuvant inoculation) and chronic phase (21 or 29 days after adjuvant inoculation) were studied in male rats. The effect of administration of vitamin C in a daily oral dose of 50 mg/kg body wt for four and 21 days starting on the day of adjuvant inoculation and for 7 days starting 21 days after adjuvant inoculation against these phases of arthritis was demonstrated. Results showed that prolonged administration of vitamin C (21 days) increased the lowered serum sulphydryl (SH-groups) to prearthritic values while it decreased the elevated level of blood glutathione (GSH) of arthritic rats. However, neither (four-day) nor seven-day treatment with vitamin C exerted any significant changes in these parameters. The results showed also a slight significant increase in the level of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) [1.15.1.1] upon seven-day treatment with vitamin C. Meanwhile, four-, 21- or seven-day treatment with vitamin C produced no significant change in the elevated levels of serum ceruloplasmin (Cp) and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) of arthritic rats. However, 21-day and 7-day administration of vitamin C has improved the lowered A/G ratio in these animals. The improvement in these parameters after prolonged administration of vitamin C was explained in the light of the antioxidant property of this vitamin and suggests a beneficial role for it in the treatment of arthritis.
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PMID:Effect of vitamin C administration in modulating some biochemical changes in arthritic rats. 128 71

Plasma taurine and serine decrease following trauma and in severe inflammatory disease. These changes may signify an increase in requirements for sulfur amino acids. We previously demonstrated that cysteine supplementation can restore the impaired ability of rats fed an 8% casein diet to increase hepatic zinc, glutathione (GSH) and protein concentrations in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). Here we examined whether serine or taurine produces a similar effect, because serine provides the carbon skeleton of cysteine and taurine is its major metabolite. After 7 d of receiving either a 20% casein diet supplemented with cysteine or an 8% casein diet supplemented with alanine, serine or taurine, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of human TNF alpha. Tumor necrosis factor caused no change in hepatic GSH but resulted in a lower GSH concentration in lung in rats fed the alanine-supplemented diet. Neither taurine nor serine increased liver GSH relative to that in rats fed alanine, but the depression in lung due to TNF injection was lessened. The absolute increase in ceruloplasmin in response to TNF was enhanced in rats fed the alanine-supplemented diet relative to those fed the 20% casein diet. Serine normalized this response. This observation--the effects of taurine and serine on lung GSH and a significant negative correlation between ceruloplasmin and liver and lung GSH concentration in rats fed TNF--suggests that supplemental serine and taurine may improve antioxidant defenses when dietary supplies of cysteine are low but do not influence cysteine availability for a normal response to TNF.
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PMID:Taurine and serine supplementation modulates the metabolic response to tumor necrosis factor alpha in rats fed a low protein diet. 137 44

Elastolytic enzymes and active oxygen species derived from leukocytes and alveolar macrophages during exposure to tobacco smoke, together with active oxygen species directly derived from tobacco smoke, are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema by inactivating alpha 1 protease inhibitor (alpha 1 PI), a novel anti-elastase. We studied the inhibitory effect of probucol, an oral hypocholesterolemic agent, on tobacco smoke-induced decrease in plasma anti-elastase activity (EIA) and ferroxidase activity (FA) in conscious venous catheter instrumented rats. Rats exposed to the smoke of 5 cigarettes (nicotine 11 mg, tar 115 mg) in a plastic chamber showed a prompt increase in plasma COHb to 17.9 +/- 2.7%, and a prompt decrease in plasma EIA by -17.9% (p less than 0.05) and FA by -14.8% (p less than 0.01), which lasted for 6 hours after exposure. Rats administered probucol (1% probucol in food) for 3 days showed normal cholesterol plasma levels, and rats administered probucol for 4 weeks showed hypocholesterolemic plasma levels. EIA and FA were not depressed after smoking, and lipid peroxide product (TBA reactive substance) in lung tissue (p less than 0.05) and serum (p less than 0.1) showed a smaller increase in association with a smaller decrease in the ratio of lung tissue GSH/GSSG (p less than 0.01) compared with control rats. These results indicate that probucol, via its antioxidant action rather than its cholesterol lowering effect, has a protective effect on lung exposed to tobacco smoke in terms of protease-antiprotease balance and oxidant-antioxidant balance.
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PMID:[Probucol inhibits tobacco smoke-induced decrease in plasma anti-elastase activity and ferroxidase activity in rats]. 140 72

Changes in the levels of lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzymes were studied in male albino rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. Diabetes was induced by single subcutaneous injection of alloxan (19 mg/100 g body weight). The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed an increase both in the liver (P less than 0.01) and kidney (0 less than 0.05), while in the heart, there was a decrease (P less than 0.01), as compared to control values. A similar pattern of change was observed in the level of hydroperoxides in the liver and heart. The conjugated dienes showed an elevation during diabetes in all tissues (P less than 0.01). Glutathione levels in heart (P less than 0.01) and kidney were found to be decreased (P less than 0.05) while the liver showed an elevation during long-term diabetes (P less than 0.01). Serum ceruloplasmin showed an increase (P less than 0.05) in diabetes. Antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased in all tissues (P less than 0.01) while the activity of glutathione s-transferase increased in heart, but no change in other tissues. The studies thus show that lipid peroxidation is activated in liver and kidney while heart tissues show some resistance towards lipid peroxidation.
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PMID:Peroxidative changes in experimental diabetes mellitus. 151 41

Studies were carried out on the metabolism of lipid peroxides and antioxidative enzymes during diabetes and diabetes superimposed with myocardial infarction. Diabetes was induced using alloxan and myocardial infarction was induced by isoproterenol. In the case of diabetic animals there was a decrease in the levels of lipid peroxides in the heart while in the case of diabetes associated with myocardial infarction it was slightly elevated. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase showed a decrease in both the groups. Glutathione showed a fall in the case of diabetes and diabetes associated with myocardial infarction while taurine in heart and ceruloplasmin in the serum was elevated. Histopathological changes in the heart tissue showed some focal changes in the case of both diabetes and diabetes associated with myocardial infarction, but the degree of necrosis was much less than in the case of myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Changes in levels of lipid peroxides and activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in diabetes associated with myocardial infarction. 152 61

Effect of feeding coconut and blackgram fiber isolated as neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on the levels of lipids and lipid peroxides was studied in rats given a high fat diet. Concentration of cholesterol, free falty acid and phospholipids showed significant decrease in the serum, liver aorta and intestine of coconut and blackgram fiber groups. Concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and conjugated dienes was significantly decreased in liver and intestine of both fiber groups, while hydroperoxides showed significant increase in liver and heart of both the fiber groups. SOD and catalase activity was found to be increased in liver, intestine, heart proximal colon and distal colon of both the fiber groups. Serum ceruloplasmin levels showed a slight increase in animals fed coconut and blackgram fiber groups. Glutathione levels in liver, intestine proximal colon, distal colon and heart also showed a significant decrease in the animals of both the fiber groups.
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PMID:Dietary fiber and lipid peroxidation: effect of dietary fiber on levels of lipids and lipid peroxides in high fat diet. 165 65

It is known that human ceruloplasmin (CP) is made up of several isoforms which differ by the structure of their carbohydrate fragment. One of these isoforms, CP1, which makes up to approximately 40% of the native CP molecule and which contains a carbohydrate fragment, [formula: see text] is specifically bound to human erythrocyte (ER) receptors. This isoform was isolated by using lectin affinity chromatography. It was found that CP1 produces a much stronger protective effect on ER during Cu(2+)-induced lysis as compared with CP. A kinetic analysis of Cu2+ accumulation and reduced glutathione (GSH) decline in ER revealed that the lack of correlation between these two processes. It was found that in the presence of CP and CP1 the GSH concentration is not critical for the hemolytic resistance of ER. In the presence of CP1 ER hemolysis occurs at a slower rate whereas the GSH decline at a much faster rate than in the presence of CP.
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PMID:[Protective effect of various forms of human ceruloplasmin in copper-induced erythrocyte lysis]. 165 69

It was found that the differences in the protective effects of ceruloplasmin (CP) isolated from the blood of healthy donors and of the ceruloplasmin-like protein (pat-CP) isolated from the blood of patients with hepatovertebral dystrophy (HCD) during Ca(2+)-induced lysis of erythrocytes (RBC) result from significant changes in the carbohydrate fragment of pat-CP, the bulk of which (65%) is devoid of mannose and acetylglucosamine residues. According to the data from lentil-lectin Sepharose chromatography, only 4% of pat-CP molecules contain the [formula; see text] fragment necessary for the binding to ER receptors. The curves reflecting the Cu2+ accumulation in healthy donor ER and in pat-CP during the Cu(2+)-induced lysis were found to differ significantly. The ability of pat-CP to prevent the accumulation of Cu2+ in ER and pat-ER was markedly decreased compared with CP. Besides, CP prevented the diminution of reduced glutathione (GSH) in ER in a greater degree than pat-CP, whereas pat-ER, in contrast with CP, had no effect on the GSH concentration in pat-ER. It is suggested that the reactions occurring in the cell during Cu(2+)-induced lysis of ER and pat-ER are different.
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PMID:[Interconnection between the structure and protective action of normal and pathological ceruloplasmin preparations in copper-induced erythrocyte lysis]. 174 11

The origin of the difference between the protective action of ceruloplasmin (CP) from healthy donors blood and of ceruloplasmin-like protein (p-CP) from blood of patients with Wilson disease which they exert during copper-induced lysis of red blood cells (RBC) was elucidated. The difference is due to a significant change in the carbohydrate moiety of p-CP the major proportion of which (65%) does not contain mannose and acetylglucosamine residues. The data of chromatography on lentil lectin reveal that only 4% of p-CP molecules contain the fragment [table: see text] required for binding to RBC receptors. It was shown that the time-courses of copper accumulation in RBC of normal donors and in RBC of patients with Wilson disease (p-RBC) during copper-induced lysis differ markedly from each other. The p-CP is able to prevent copper accumulation in RBC and p-RBC to a significantly less degree than CP. It was also established that CP prevents the decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) level in RBC to a greater extent than p-CP. In contrast to CP, the p-CP exerts no effect on the decrease in GSH concentration in p-RBC. These results may indicate that no interaction between Cu2+ and reduced glutathione takes place in p-RBC, in contrast to the situation occurring in normal RBC.
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PMID:Interrelation between structure and protective action of normal and pathological ceruloplasmins during copper-induced lysis of red blood cells. 196 48

The comparison of protective effects of native ceruloplasmin (CP) and of preparation CP1 containing carbohydrate fragment GlcNAc(beta(1,4]GlcNAc which specifically binds on RBC (alpha(1,6)Fuc receptors showed that CP1 exhibits much more powerful protective effect on RBC in copper-induced lysis. It was found, however, that CP2 (native CP devoided of CP1) protected RBC as well as CP despite its inability of binding to RBC membrane. CP and CP1 in a similar way decrease copper concentration in RBC. It was shown that copper accumulation and GSH decrease in RBC are two independent and concurrent processes; the copper and GSH concentrations are not the factors determining RBC resistance to hemolysis. CP inhibits the reaction of superoxide radicals generation as a result of Cu interaction with -SH groups of RBC membrane; the effect is more pronounced than the effect of catalase or superoxide dismutase. CP and CP1 preparations equally inhibit this reaction. Apparently CP reception on RBC leads not only to membrane protection from superoxide and hydroxyl radicals but represents a more complex process.
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PMID:The protective effect of different forms of human ceruloplasmin in copper-induced lysis of red blood cells. 228 81


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