Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
 5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The biological activities of the haptoglobin polymorphism are controlled by continuous DNA sequences coding for the HP alpha and Hp beta polypeptide chains and forming with a linked Hp related gene the haptoglobin gene complex on chromosome 16. Probably, this DNA domain originates from the gene family of the serine proteases after having lost the informations for the proteolytic functions. Instead of this, the haptoglobins have acquired other qualities, among them the hemoglobin binding capacity, inserted into the Hp beta chain. The Hp polymorphism is constituted by the evolutionary progressive DNA sequences for the Hp alpha chains, which probably have activation functions. The haptoglobins display immunoregulative abilities, which can be immunosuppressive by inhibition of the lymphocyte reactivity or immunoinductive by influencing the IgM biosynthesis, adapted to the functional requirements. In this field, Hp 2-2 has a stronger effect than the two other Hp types. Moreover, the haptoglobins inhibit the prostaglandin synthesis and protect against harmful oxidation processes. These qualities are based on the hemoglobin binding ability and can be realized by Hp 1-1 with the comparatively highest efficacy. Further on, the haptoglobins are protease inhibitors. Finally, Hp 2-2 is associated with higher albumin and ceruloplasmin serum levels than Hp 2-1 and Hp 1-1. Evidently, the haptoglobins are inserted into a widely ramified network of biological functions. The selective advantages and disadvantages of the Hp polymorphism are noticeable under pathological conditions in case of malignant tumors, inflammations, autoimmune diseases, allergic illness, affective psychoses and affective lability favouring addiction.
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PMID:[Haptoglobin polymorphism--not only a genetic marker]. 147 17

Eight new loci have been assigned to sheep Chromosome (Chr) 1q by use of a chromosomally characterized minipanel of sheep x hamster cell hybrids. Four loci, which have been mapped to the distal region of human Chr 3q, are ceruloplasmin (CP), sucrase isomaltase (SI), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and ectopic viral integration site 1 (EVI1). The other four loci, on human Chr 21, include interferon alpha receptor (IFNAR); interferon inducible protein p78, murine (MX1); collagen type VI, alpha 1 (COL6A1); and S100 protein, beta polypeptide (S100B). All of these loci, except GLUT2 and MX1, have been mapped onto bovine Chr 1 or are syntenic with loci on this chromosome. The in situ localization of transferrin (TF) to sheep Chr 1q42-q45 confirms our previous assignment of this locus and independently anchors the eight new syntenic loci to sheep Chr 1q.
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PMID:Four human chromosome 3q and four human chromosome 21 loci map onto sheep chromosome 1q. 774 29