Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A correlation between the informativeness of the proteinogram, blood ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin levels and connective tissue metabolism indices used to characterize the inflammatory process activity was performed in 55 patients with different stages of tuberculosis of bones and joints. Among the acute phase proteins examined, the most sensitive indices include ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin found in their combination. A higher urinary oxyproline and glycosaminoglycan excretion in different forms of osteoarticular tuberculosis (both of an inflammatory and a degenerative type) should not be interpreted as an indication of activity of the specific process.
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PMID:[Biochemical criteria of the activity of osteoarticular tuberculosis]. 238 95

Blood serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE), concentration of complement components (C1-inhibitor, C3, C4, C5, C9) as well as the content of some protein fractions (transferrin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, orosomucoid, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, albumin and prealbumin) in the plasma were assayed in subjects exposed (due to their occupational necessity) to food raw materials (wheat, corn, barley, combined fodder) contaminated with mycotoxins. A total of 50 subjects, who have been working from 1 to 15 years at grain-treating factories, were investigated. It has been shown that a long-term exposure to food and fodder products containing mycotoxins induces a growth of IgE level attended by a drop in IgG content, and a decrease in the concentration of the complement components C3 and C9, transferrin and orosomucoid.
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PMID:[The immunological reactivity indices (the humoral component) in persons in contact with mycotoxin-contaminated food products]. 239 78

Monitoring of plasma proteinases, proteinase inhibitors and other selective plasma proteins was evaluated in patients undergoing Y-graft aortofemoral bypass operation. Fast-reacting acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein, antichymotrypsin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein) and slow-reacting proteins (haptoglobin, alpha 1-antitrypsin) increased significantly 48-120 h after operation. By contrast, no significant increase was found between plasma ceruloplasmin levels before clamping and after declamping. Activity and concentration of alpha 2-macroglobulin decreased postoperatively and remained significantly lowered throughout the observation period. Plasma levels of granulocyte elastase were elevated significantly 1 h after declamping, whereas trypsin-binding capacity decreased immediately after the release of the clamp. Aprotinin pretreatment caused higher trypsin-binding capacity of the plasma, significantly lower 'unspecific' proteolytic (azocasein-hydrolyzing) activity and significantly lower non-TCA precipitable low molecular weight plasma protein concentration. Our results confirm the data of several authors that monitoring of plasma proteinases, proteinase inhibitors and other selective plasma proteins may be helpful in evaluating surgical patients postoperatively.
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PMID:Plasma proteinases, proteinase inhibitors and other selective plasma proteins following aortofemoral bypass operation. 242 35

Lactation elevates plasma copper as well as oxidase activity levels of the copper-containing, acute phase protein ceruloplasmin (Cp). The present study provides an initial inquiry into the mechanisms behind these changes. Plasma obtained from 12 lactating women, 1 month postpartum, displayed a greater percentage increase in immunoreactive Cp levels (mean increase = 89%) than in plasma copper (mean = 66%) or Cp oxidase activity (mean = 42%). Lactation did not increase plasma content of C-reactive protein or alpha 1-antitrypsin but significantly elevated haptoglobin concentrations. Plasma alpha 2-macroglobulin contents correlated with immunoreactive Cp levels in lactating women but not in controls. These results strengthen the hypothesis that plasma content of individual acute phase proteins is regulated by both overlapping and individualized processes. In addition, the present findings raise the possibility that lactation increases both Cp synthesis and plasma turnover time of Cp-bound copper.
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PMID:Plasma levels of immunoreactive ceruloplasmin and other acute phase proteins during lactation. 242 30

Previous experiments showed that the presence of high levels of acute phase reactants (APR) enhance CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in the rat. A high correlation was found between the degree of fibrosis and alpha 2-macroglobulin of the rat (alpha 2-macrofetoprotein, alpha M-FP) used for monitoring the acute phase response. This acute phase reaction was provoked by epinephrine just before CCl4 treatment was started. In the present study we analyzed the effect of APR by repeating these experiments and estimating liver neutral collagenase with a synthetic substrate and endogenous collagen as a substrate, and liver prolyl-4-hydroxylase. A strong depression of liver collagenase activity was found in rats with a preceding acute phase reaction contrary to the rats that underwent CCl4 treatment only. A high level of alpha M-FP correlated negatively with collagenase activity. Also in vitro alpha M-FP proved to inhibit collagenase activity. Prolyl-4-hydroxylase was increased in the rats during acute phase reaction and correlated highly and positively with alpha M-FP, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin. Thus high levels of APR promote development of CCl4-induced fibrosis, partly by anticollagenase activity and partly because of enhancement of prolyl-4-hydroxylase activity. The latter phenomenon can also be explained by the presence of APR, but this has to be proved.
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PMID:Mechanisms by which acute phase proteins enhance development of liver fibrosis: effects on collagenase and prolyl-4-hydroxylase activity in the rat liver. 242 60

A new bioactive factor capable of stimulating the production of acute-phase transport proteins, haptoglobin, hemopexin and ceruloplasmin, was found in mouse serum soon after the administration of lentinan, an immunomodulatory polysaccharide. This factor (APPIF) was produced by macrophages, and may regulate the production of acute-phase transport proteins in hepatocytes. The mice given the serum obtained from donor mice 2-6 h after an injection of 10 mg/kg of lentinan showed a marked increase of the acute-phase transport proteins in their serum 4 days after the serum injection. Pretreatment with the antimacrophage agents, carrageenan and mouse Ia antiserum, before the lentinan treatment to donor mice inhibited the production of acute-phase transport proteins in the recipient mice. Thymus or T-cells had no role in the production of APPIF. As the activity of APPIF disappeared after pronase treatment of the serum, APPIF seems to be a peptide compound. Appearance of APPIF is considered to be one of the earliest manifestations of the mode of action of lentinan in addition to its augmented production of vascular dilatation and hemorrhage inducing factor and interleukin-1. The correlation between these inflammatory and immune responses in earlier stages of the host defence mechanisms is also discussed.
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PMID:Macrophage-mediated acute-phase transport protein production induced by lentinan. 243 Sep 1

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (X-IEP) revealed several abnormalities in serum proteins from patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), tuberculosis (TB), and cystic fibrosis (CF). The two quite different kinds of pulmonary disease, one acute (ARDS) and the other chronic (TB and CF) exhibited serum changes specific for each disease and abnormalities associated with inflammation and pathogenesis, in general. In ARDS sera, most proteins were extremely low, presumably due to leakage into the lungs through damaged tissue, while the acute-phase proteins, orosomucoid, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and haptoglobin, were markedly high when compared to the overall protein pattern. The extremely high alpha 1-antichymotrypsin values were not seen in corresponding TB and CF sera. Numerous TB patients had elevated alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and haptoglobin, but only the alpha 1-antitrypsin population mean was significantly different from normal. Gc-globulin, ceruloplasmin, and beta-lipoprotein were higher and alpha 1-lipoprotein and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor lower than normal. All other quantitative serum changes were not statistically significant. Surprisingly, all TB patients belonged to the Gc-1-1 genotype in contrast to the Gc-1-1, Gc-1-2, Gc-2-2 polymorphisms of the other populations. CF homozygote sera revealed statistically significant increases in the acute-phase proteins, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and haptoglobin, while orosomucoid, transferrin, IgA, and IgG tended to be higher than normal. The tendency for higher levels of transferrin indicated possible iron deficiency in some patients. In contrast, prealbumin, alpha 1-lipoprotein, and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor were significantly depressed in CF patients. CF heterozygotes shared the decrease of alpha 1-lipoprotein with the patients while exhibiting small but significant depressions of alpha 2-macroglobulin and IgG. Though not statistically significant, lowered concentrations of alpha 1-antitrypsin were evident for the heterozygotes.
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PMID:Protein abnormalities in adult respiratory distress syndrome, tuberculosis, and cystic fibrosis sera. 243 15

Inflammation can be considered as a reactional process towards an injury of any etiology. It is clinically characterized by the four major points described by Celse. The symptoms are usually associated with fever and with a biological syndrome including an increased sedimentation rate related to an elevation of inflammatory plasma proteins. The Acute Phase Reactant Proteins (orosomucoid, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, C reactive protein and fibrinogen) are released by the hepatocytes. The complement components C3 and C4, transferrin and alpha 2-macroglobulin can also be generated by the macrophages. At inflammation sites, the activated host phagocytes release a Leukocytic Endogenous Mediator (LEM) or Interleukin I. A circulating cleavage product of Interleukin I, called "Proteolysis Inducing Factor" induces an increased muscle proteolysis and hepatic amino acids uptake for inflammatory proteins synthesis, principaly in the form of Acute Phase Reactant Proteins. Furthermore, this monokin stimulates the T4 helpers lympocytes production of a lymphokin: Interleukin II. There is no "inflammation protein" characterized by the 5 criteria of the Clinical Biology French Society. Therefore the association of a high turn over protein (CRP) and a low turn over one (orosomucoid and/or haptoglobin) is usefull for the detection of an inflammatory process and to evaluate a therapeutic efficiency. These proteins are usually selected for early diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infections and for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. In the present time, numerous studies using statistical methods try to separate inflammatory processes according to their etiology.
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PMID:[Inflammatory syndrome and changes in plasma proteins]. 243 74

Macrophages activated at sites of tissue injury produce interleukin-1, which induces hepatocytes to synthesize acute phase proteins (APP). Daily serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (HPT), transferrin (TRF), alpha-1 antitrypsin, and ceruloplasmin (CER) were measured in 60 patients, 30 having inguinal herniorrhaphy (H), 18 cholecystectomy (C), and 12 major abdominal trauma (MAT). APP response was proportional to the level of tissue injury. CRP rose in all groups, MAT greater than C, which was greater than H. HPT levels were depressed in MAT, presumably due to removal of hemoglobin-HPT complexes from the serum. TRF was severely depressed in MAT and may be implicated in the higher infection susceptibility in this group. CER was elevated in C, suggesting a stimulating mechanism in this group as opposed to H and MAT. Explanation for this is unknown. APP changes, especially CRP, may be useful as markers of the amount of tissue damage.
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PMID:Acute phase protein response to tissue injury. 243 55

The acute phase proteins, orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin, antitrypsin, and haptoglobin were measured in serum from 54 patients with lung cancer, 16 patients with benign lung inflammation, and 30 healthy individuals. A statistical correlation was found between tumor size and acute phase protein level, which, however, was ascribed to nonspecific inflammation in the tissues surrounding the tumor. The patients who subsequently could not be radically treated by surgery had higher concentrations of orosomucoid and ceruloplasmin than the radically treated patients. No difference in acute phase protein concentration was found between benign and malignant disease. The glycan-dependent microheterogeneity of orosomucoid and ceruloplasmin was analyzed by crossed affinoimmunoelectrophoresis with lectins, and the patterns of the patients with benign inflammation and malignant disease were different. The heterogeneity of ceruloplasmin was also analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis without lectin. This analysis, combined with the total serum concentration of ceruloplasmin, made it possible to discriminate the 54 cases of malignancy from the 46 cases of nonmalignancy with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 93%. It is suggested that the simple electrophoretic analyses of (micro-)heterogeneity is a valuable supplement to the acute phase profile in isolating high-risk patients and in monitoring radically treated cancer patients for relapse.
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PMID:Acute phase reaction, heterogeneity, and microheterogeneity of serum proteins as nonspecific tumor markers in lung cancer. 244 48


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