Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The levels of 23 protein components of the sera of 84 patients with uterine cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy were determined by a single radial immunodiffusion method, before radiation therapy, after whole pelvic irradiation, and after intracavitary irradiation using a remote after roading system (RALS). We examined the correlations between changes in serum protein fractions and the prognosis of the patients. The patients with uterine cervical cancer were treated with combined external irradiation of 60Co gamma-rays or 10 MV X-rays, and RALS therapy. The levels of the same protein components were also measured in 21 normal adult women as a control. All patients were observed between 4 years and 8 years after radiation therapy. In the pretreatment sera obtained from patients with uterine cervical cancer, the concentrations of prealbumin (Prealb), alpha 2HS glycoprotein (alpha 2 HS), alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2PI), transferrin (Tf), plasminogen (Pmg), albumin (Alb), IgM and hemopexin (Hx) were significantly lower than those normal controls. However the serum concentrations of: alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1 X), haptoglobin (Hp), C9, fibrinogen (Fib), ceruloplasmin (Cp), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1AG), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) and C4 were elevated. At the completion of whole pelvic irradiation and RALS therapy, the Hp, C4, and Fib levels were significantly lower than those before radiation therapy, whereas Prealb, alpha 2HS and alpha 2PI were elevated. In patients who had lived between 4 years and 8 years after radiation therapy, the Cp, alpha 1 AG, Hp and C9 levels measured before radiation therapy were reduced significantly, while Tf was elevated compared with patients who died within 4 years. In those who had lived more than 4 years, the alpha 1 AT, Hp, alpha 1X, Cp and C9 levels measured after whole pelvic irradiation were reduced significantly; while the C4 level was elevated. In cases of uterine cervical cancer followed for a period of 4 to 8 years after radiation therapy, multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether increased concentrations of serum protein fractions were associated with good prognosis for the original disease. Tf, Pmg, and alpha 1AT before radiation therapy were positively correlated with survival, whereas AT III, Cp, C1Inh, IgA, alpha 1 AG and C9 showed negative correlations. After whole pelvic irradiation,Pmg, C4 Prealb, Alb,alpha 2M and Hp were found to be positively associated with survival, whereas Tf, alpha 2PI, AT III, alpha 1 AT,C1Inh, C9 and IgA were negative factors.
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PMID:[Studies on serum protein fractions of patients with uterine cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy: relationship between changes in serum protein fractions and prognosis]. 797 Nov 79

Changes in the concentration of some serum acute phase proteins (alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, complement C3, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, albumin and hemopexin), thyroxine-binding globulin, retinol-binding globulin, plasminogen and Gc-globulin are reported in two separate series of Chinese, male schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. In the first series, 41 healthy blood donors and 98 schizophrenic patients in different stages of the disease were investigated. The second series consists of a random sample of 50 acutely ill schizophrenic patients and a second group of healthy subjects. The concentrations of these serum proteins were measured by rocket immunoelectrophoresis in agarose gel. Increased levels of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and thyroxine-binding globulin were observed in both series of patients when compared to their respective controls. Albumin, transferrin and retinol-binding protein levels were reduced in patients in both series. Hemopexin levels were increased only in the acutely ill patients while complement C3 was decreased in the chronically ill patients. No changes were observed in the Gc-globulin levels of all groups of patients. With the exception of complement C3, the changes observed in the levels of these serum proteins were appropriate for that of an acute phase response.
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PMID:Acute phase proteins in male Chinese schizophrenic patients in Singapore. 895 1

We have previously described the protein patterns of human nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). We now report the identification of a number of additional proteins in these 2-DE patterns. Several plasma proteins (alpha2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin alpha1-chain, IgA S chain, ceruloplasmin, alpha1-microglobulin, amyloid P and apolipoprotein A-1) could be included both in the BALF and NLF spot pattern data bases by matching with a master plasma 2-DE pattern (SWISS-2DPAGE). Furthermore, lysozyme, lactoferrin and the antiinflammatory proteins lipocortin-1 and Clara cell protein 16 (CC-16) were identified by matching with reference proteins and Western immunoblots. Significant differences in the levels of some of the identified proteins were found between NLF and BALF, and between BALF from smokers and nonsmokers. Transferrin, hemopexin and haptoglobin alpha1 were lower in NLF than BALF, while IgA, lysozyme and lactoferrin were higher in NLF than BALF. One form of alpha1-microglobulin was more abundant in NLF than in BALF, while the opposite was found for a second form of the same protein. Moreover, the levels of IgA, ceruloplasmin and the pro-form of apolipoprotein A-1 in BALF were lower in smokers than in nonsmokers. The possibility to describe and analyze differences in NLF and BALF 2-DE patterns at the protein spot level may have wide clinical applications.
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PMID:Protein patterns of human nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids analyzed with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 993 19

The levels of 21 protein components of the sera of 45 patients with cancer of the larynx undergoing radiation therapy were determined by a single radial immunodiffusion method before and after radiation therapy. We examined the correlation between changes in serum protein fractions and the prognosis of the patients. The patients with cancer of the larynx were treated with external irradiation of 60Co gammer-rays. Total target doses were 60 Gy. The levels of the same protein components were also measured in 43 normal adult individuals as a control. All patients were observed for 5 years and 12 years following radiation therapy. In the pretreatment sera obtained from patients with cancer of the larynx, the concentrations of prealbumin (Prealb), antithrombin III (ATIII) and plasminogen (Pmg) were significantly lower than controls. However the concentrations of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1AG), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1X), haptoglobin (Hp), fibrinogen (Fib) and hemopexin (Hx) were elevated. At the completion of radiation therapy, the alpha 1AG, alpha 1AT, alpha 1X, Hp, Fib and inter alpha trypsin inhibitor (I alpha I) were significantly elevated than those normal controls. In patients without recurrent cancer after radiation therapy, the alpha 1AT, ceruloplasmin (Cp), Fib, IgA and Hx levels measured before radiation therapy were significantly lower than those patients with recurrent cancer. In patients without recurrent cancer after radiation therapy, the alpha 1AT, Hp, Cp, IgG, and IgA levels measured after radiation therapy were reduced compared with those patients with recurrent cancer. In patients who had lived more than 5 years after radiation therapy, the alpha 1AT, Cp and Fib levels measured before radiation therapy reduced significantly compared with those who had died within 5 years. In those who had lived more than 5 years, the alpha 1AG, alpha 1AT, Hp, Fib, IgG, and IgA levels measured after radiation therapy were reduced significantly compared with those who died within 5 years. In cases of laryngeal cancer following a period of 5 to 12 years after radiation therapy, multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether increased concentrations of serum protein fractions were associated with good prognosis for the original disease. AT III, Prealb, alpha 1AG, albumin (Alb) and I alpha I before radiation therapy were positively correlated with survival, whereas Hx, Pmg, Cp, IgM, Cl inhibitor (ClInh), alpha 1AT and Fib showed negative correlations. After radiation therapy, transferrin (Tf), Cp, Prealb, AT III and I alpha I were found to be positively associated with survival, whereas IgA, IgM, Pmg, alpha 1X and alpha 1AG were negative factors. From the elevation levels of acute phase proteins (alpha 1AT, Cp) and Fib and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM) in the serum and lower levels of Prealb and AT III before and after radiation therapy, we may predict a relatively poor prognosis in these patients of laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:[Serum protein fractions in patients with laryngeal cancer undergoing radiation therapy. Possibility as a prognostic factor]. 1019 63

We have previously described the major components of rat serum (Electrophoresis 1998, 19, 1484-1492 and 1493-1500). In this report we examine sex-related differences in protein concentrations, both in control animals and upon experimentally induced inflammation. Under baseline conditions approximately one third of the spots resolved in serum by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) are expressed at levels > or =25% higher in female rats than in male rats and a further 10% at levels > or =25% lower. Inflammation increases the expression of the positive acute-phase reactants: hemopexin, ceruloplasmin, alpha1-antitrypsin (all approximately 2-fold), C-reactive protein (3- to 5-fold), serine protease inhibitor-3 (4- to 5-fold), thiostatin (> 5-fold in females, >20-fold in males), clusterin, orosomucoid, haptoglobin chains and alpha2-macroglobulin. The baseline level of the last four markers is below the detection limit, hence no percent increase can be computed. Conversely, negative acute-phase reactants are reduced on inflammation: alpha1-inhibitor III, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein, kallikrein-binding protein and transthyretin (all reduced to between 1/2 to 1/3 of the baseline levels), retinol-binding protein (to about 1/2 to 1/4) and albumin (to 2/3). Except for thiostatin, the changes in acute-phase protein levels are similar in male and female rats.
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PMID:Proteins of rat serum: III. Gender-related differences in protein concentration under baseline conditions and upon experimental inflammation as evaluated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. 1034 56

We examined a purported lemur (Eulemur fulvus rufusxE. albocollaris) hybrid zone at Andringitra, Madagascar, using sequences from five genes (one mitochondrial gene (d-loop) and four nuclear introns (hemopexin, malic enzyme, ceruloplasmin, and microsatellite 26 flanking region)), from 60 individuals (E. albocollaris (n = 16), E.f. rufus (n = 14), E. collaris (n = 9), and purported hybrids from Andringitra (n = 21)). Diagnostic (d-loop and microsatellite 26) and private sites (all other genes) were found in all gene regions for E. albocollaris and E.f. rufus. Also, private sites were found for the purported hybrid population in two gene regions (d-loop and ceruloplasmin). When the putative hybrids were examined for diagnostic and private markers, 18 of 21 were found to contain markers from both E. albocollaris and E.f. rufus populations. The remaining three individuals were found to contain only markers for E. albocollaris. These results indicate that the population at Andringitra is a hybrid population between E. albocollaris and E.f. rufus.
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PMID:Genetic assessment of a white-collared x red-fronted lemur hybrid zone at Andringitra, Madagascar. 1211 81

Iron deficiency and marginal vitamin A (VA) deficiency frequently coexist and affect billions of people, mostly children and women, worldwide. The effects of these micronutrient deficiencies alone and in combination on hematologic, biochemical and molecular indices of iron and VA status were investigated in a 2 x 2 randomized blocked study conducted in growing male Sprague-Dawley rats. From 3-8 wk of age, rats were fed one of four purified diets that were either adequate or restricted in iron (Fe) and adequate or marginal in VA: (+)Fe(+)VA, 20.3 and 0.367 micro g/g, respectively, denoted control diet; (-)Fe(+)VA, 3.34 and 0.405 micro g/g; (+)FeVA(m), 22.2 and 0.051 micro g/g; or (-)FeVA(m), 3.03 and 0.055 micro g/g. Weight-matched rats fed adequate micronutrients were included to control for possible confounding effects of Fe deficiency on growth and feed efficiency. Iron restriction reduced (P < 0.05) weight gain, feed efficiency, blood hemoglobin and hematocrit. Plasma and liver iron and plasma transferrin saturation were reduced by approximately 50%, whereas liver transferrin mRNA and protein and transferrin receptor mRNA were elevated, as was liver ferritin light-chain protein and light-chain mRNA. Liver heavy-chain ferritin mRNA, hemopexin, ceruloplasmin and cellular retinol-binding protein mRNA were not affected by iron or VA restriction. Although marginal VA deficiency did not exacerbate indices of poor iron status during iron deficiency, iron deficiency was associated with lower plasma retinol and elevated liver VA concentrations. These results are consistent with an impaired mobilization of liver retinol during iron deficiency as well as multiple alterations in iron metabolism.
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PMID:Iron deficiency and marginal vitamin A deficiency affect growth, hematological indices and the regulation of iron metabolism genes in rats. 1246 96

Rivalta reaction is still used as a puncture fluid test for differentiation of exudate and transudate. However, the test method of Rivalta reaction has not been standardized, or positive precipitates for the reaction have not been investigated. Thus, we clarified the measurement method, and investigated Rivalta reaction-positive proteins. Rivalta reaction-positive punctuates converted to negative when pH increased to 4.6 or higher, showing the necessity of pH adjustment of acetic acid solution to 3.6-4.2 in Rivalta reaction. Using pH 4.0 acetic acid solution, 8 types of proteins were identified in Rivalta reaction-positive turbid precipitates: C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT), alpha1-acid glycoprotein (alpha1-AG), haptoglobin (Hp), transferrin (Tf), ceruloplasmin (Cp), fibrinogen (Fg), and hemopexin (Hpx). Since these are acute reactive proteins, or proteins increased in malignant tumors and infections, positivity for Rivalta reaction at the specified pH may suggest pathological inflammation.
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PMID:Reinvestigation of clinical value of Rivalta reaction of puncture fluid. 1565 65

About 20% of uranyl ions in serum are associated with the protein pool. A few of them such as transferrin have been characterized, but most still have to be identified to obtain a better explanation of the biochemical toxicology and kinetics of uranium. We designed an in vitro sensitive procedure involving a combination of bidimensional chromatography with time-resolved fluorescence, coupled with proteomic analysis, to identify uranium-binding proteins in human serum fractions. Ten novel targets were identified and validated using purified proteins and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Of these, ceruloplasmin, hemopexin, and two complement proteins displayed the capacity to bind uranium with stoichiometry greater than 1 mole of uranium per mole of protein. Not all of these targets are metalloproteins, suggesting that uranyl ions can use a wide variety of binding sites and coordination strategies. These data provide additional insights into a better understanding of uranium chemical toxicity.
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PMID:Screening of human serum proteins for uranium binding. 1596 29

The liver performs three main functions in iron homeostasis. It is the major site of iron storage, it regulates iron traffic into and around the body through its production of the peptide hepcidin, and it is the site of synthesis of major proteins of iron metabolism such as transferrin and ceruloplasmin. Most of the iron that enters the liver is derived from plasma transferrin under normal circumstances, and transferrin receptors 1 and 2 play important roles in this process. In pathological situations, non-transferrin-bound iron, ferritin, and hemoglobin/haptoglobin and heme/hemopexin complexes assume greater importance in iron delivery to the organ. Iron is stored in the liver as ferritin and, with heavy iron loading, as hemosiderin. The liver can divest itself of iron through the plasma membrane iron exporter ferroportin 1, a process that also requires ceruloplasmin. Hepcidin can regulate this iron release through its interaction with ferroportin.
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PMID:Hepatic iron metabolism. 1631 36


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