Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.16.3.1 (ceruloplasmin)
 5,074 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Changes in the oral microbial flora, some of which are related to mucosal disease, have been detected in the elderly, but the causes are not fully understood. This study has examined the possible role of micronutrient depletions in the reduced colonisation resistance and oral infection exhibited by some elderly subjects. The oral health, oral microbiology and micronutrient status of 37 geriatric patients aged 65-91 years (mean 81 years) were examined. Ten of the patients had no oral mucosal disease. Mucosal pathology in the remainder included erythema (27%), denture stomatitis (24%), angular cheilitis (16%) and atrophic glossitis (41%). Those with mucosal pathology had significantly lower serum iron concentrations (P = 0.02). Serum or plasma concentrations of zinc, copper, selenium, C-reactive protein, transferrin, caeruloplasmin, albumin, vitamin A and vitamin E were not significantly different between those with oral disease and those with healthy mouths. Similarly, activity of the selenium-containing enzyme, red cell glutathione peroxidase, did not differ significantly between the two groups. In both groups, plasma selenium concentrations (82%), red cell glutathione peroxidase activity (47%), plasma zinc concentrations (58%) and albumin concentrations (44%) tended to be below the lower limit of the reference interval. The influence of subclinical infection on these values is discussed.
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PMID:The relationship between micronutrient depletion and oral health in geriatrics. 804 54

Acute phase proteins (APP) are plasma proteins secreted by the liver following inflammation. APP reference levels are unknown for healthy female Zaireans. The purpose of this study was to determine: (a) the reference levels of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin (Cp), and haptoglobin (Hp) in healthy Zairean adult women, and (b) whether the levels are different between lactating (Group I), pregnant (Group II) and non-pregnant/non-lactating women (Group III). APP were measured by radial immunodiffusion in 180, 212 and 27 women of Groups I, II, and III respectively (age range 15-45 years). The ranges for different APP were wider than for Western adults or those obtained in plasma from normal laboratory personnel. The means and medians of AGP were lower in pregnant that non-pregnant women, and those of CRP and Cp were higher. There were no differences in mean Hp levels between the three groups. In non-pregnant women, the mean levels and 95% confidence limits of CRP, Cp and Hp were within published ranges for healthy Western adults, while those of AGP were higher. In pregnant women only AGP and Hp were within published ranges. We conclude that, at least in non-pregnant women, the same cut-off points of CRP, Cp and Hp used for Western adults may also be used in the assessment of inflammation in Zairean women.
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PMID:Reference levels of acute phase reactant proteins in healthy Zairean women in the reproductive age group. 806 48

Children with cancer represent a high-risk group for protein-energy malnutrition due to side effects associated with treatment. Assessment of nutritional status at the time of diagnosis and during treatment is, therefore, essential for planning nutritional intervention. We studied the nutritional status of 25 children with leukemia [9 newly diagnosed/relapsed (D/R) leukemic patients and 16 children with leukemia in remission (REM)]. Plasma proteins (prealbumin, PA; albumin, Alb; transferrin, Tr; retinol-binding protein, RBP) and acute phase-reactant proteins (alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, AGP; C-reactive protein, CRP; ceruloplasmin, CER) were measured by radial immunodiffusion. Results show that there were no significant deficits in anthropometric measurements among leukemic children. In contrast, the mean levels of all plasma proteins, especially PA (P < 0.005), were significantly lower in the D/R group than in the REM group. All D/R children, compared to 59% of those in remission, had PA levels < 20 mg/dl. Only the D/R group had abnormal levels of RBP, Tr, and Alb. Children who were treated with prednisone had significantly higher mean levels of PA, RBP, and AGP than those who were not receiving prednisone. The mean levels of acute phase-reactant proteins in these leukemic children were comparable to those of healthy children. We conclude that mild/moderate malnutrition is common in leukemic patients at D/R and that PA seems to be the most sensitive indicator of visceral protein status.
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PMID:Nutritional status of children with leukemia. 907 29

We carried out estimations of the following acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), alpha-2-ceruloplasmin (CER), and alpha-2-haptoglobin (HPT) in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with bacterial meningitis (BM, n = 30) and viral meningitis (VM, n = 30). We have shown that determinations of concentrations of AAG and CRP in serum and CER in CSF are useful in differentiation between BM and VM. The diagnostic power of these three tests (the areas under their ROC curves equal 0.942, 0.929, and 0.931, respectively) is bigger, though statistically not significantly, than that of traditional parameters of BM in CSF, i.e., total protein concentration and white blood cell count. Determination of AAG, CRP, and AAT in serum is a valuable monitoring marker in the course of BM treatment. Convenience of serum sampling constitutes an advantage over traditional BM parameters in CSF.
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PMID:Acute phase proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in the course of bacterial meningitis. 852 2

The acute phase proteins (APPs) have been empirically defined as those whose plasma concentration changes following inflammatory reaction. Those proteins whose concentrations increase are referred to as positive APP, while those whose levels decline are termed negative APP. In man, positive APP are: alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, alpha 1 protease inhibitor, alpha 1 antichymotrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A. Great variability in the APP response between different species is observed. The principal functions of APP, result from the interaction of these proteins with ligands of various origins which give "protein-ligands" complexes. These complexes are cleared by the RES or by the hepatocyte. The results are protease inhibition, neutralization of toxic molecules such as hemoglobin or the superoxide anion, clearance of cell membranes and chromatin. The drop of the plasma concentration of negative APP during an inflammatory reaction carries a rise of free ligands (fatty acids, hormones, vitamins, trace elements). IL6 has been recognized as the principal regulator of most APP genes. The response of the hepatic cell to IL6 is characterized by the enhanced production of type 2 or IL6 specific APPs. The biochemical process of signal transduction is IL6--JAK2--APRF The set of APP genes regulated by IL1 type cytokines (type 1 APPs) is distinct from that regulated by IL6 type cytokine. IL1 and TNF alpha mediated stimulation of type 1 APP genes is synergistically enhanced by IL6 type cytokines. The biochemical process of signal transduction is IL1, IL6--Ras--MAP kinase--NFIL6 The targeted inflammatory proteic profile including the assay of C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and alpha 1 acid glycoprotein produces a "biological tool" to the clinician in order to manage an inflammatory response. IL6, a proteic marker for the future, connected with CRP, will be assayed during early inflammatory reaction.
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PMID:[Acute-phase proteins in inflammation]. 856 70

To learn more about the effects of ambient air pollution on the human immune system, immunological parameters-16 serum proteins and circulating immune complexes--were determined for more than 500 women from the polluted area of Cologne, Germany, and a control area, Borken. The geometric mean values for immunoglobulins, complement components, haptoglobin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, prealbumin, and transferrin were statistically significantly higher in Cologne than in Borken. No difference were found for C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factors, and anti-streptolysin O. For each of the parameters a logistic regression was fitted, thus controlling for the influence of a number of confounding factors. After controlling for possible confounders, the percentages of values above the norm for immunoglobulins, complement components, haptoglobin, and alpha-1-glycoprotein were statistically significantly higher in Cologne than in Broken. Important confounders included overweight, high blood pressure, acute cold, fever in the preceding week, and smoking. The biochemical mechanisms underlying the observed interarea differences in protein profiles are as yet unknown and should be the subject of further, nonepidemiological research.
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PMID:Influence of air pollution on humoral immune response. 863 26

The effects of cisplatin chemotherapy on the metabolism of essential trace elements were investigated in 12 patients before and after treatment with cisplatin. In serum, the mean post-treatment concentrations of Cu 913.91 mumol 1-1), Zn (9.57 mumol 1-1) and Mg (0.54 mumol 1-1) were significantly reduced compared with the pre-treatment levels 919.35, 11.86 and 0.67) while Se, caeruloplasmin and C-reactive protein concentrations were unaltered. Urinary excretion of Cu, Mg and Zn were enhanced. The urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity (a marker of proximal renal tubular dysfunction) was also increased and suggests that the mechanism for decrease of certain trace elements in serum during treatment could be increased urinary excretion caused by impaired cellular metabolism. It is not clear whether the loss of trace elements via the urine has any implication for the clinical status of cancer patients treated with cisplatin.
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PMID:The effects of platinum chemotherapy on essential trace elements. 871 9

The endocrine phase of the stress response to cardiopulmonary bypass in children is known to be subtly different from that seen in adults. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether there are similar differences in the acute phase response. Thirteen children were studied (mean age 2.65 years). Each child had congenital heart disease and underwent corrective cardiac surgery. Blood samples taken two days prior to operation and at 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 120 hours after were analysed for C-reactive protein, albumin, caeruloplasmin, zinc and copper concentrations. Metal:carrier protein molar ratios were also calculated. Results demonstrate changes which, although similar to those seen in adults, differed both quantitatively and qualitatively. This is explained by the concept of immaturity leading to a generally poor capacity for protein synthesis and a relative inability to respond to altered circumstances.
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PMID:The acute phase response to cardiopulmonary bypass in children. 874 Mar 51

The validity of biochemical indices routinely used for nutritional assessment was evaluated in patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for hematologic malignancies. Sixteen patients received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 15 days (35 kcal kg.body wt-1.day-1; 1.4 g amino acid.kg body wt-1.day-1) starting 1 day after transplantation. Nutritional status was evaluated before and after the TPN period by determining anthropometric (body weight, triceps skinfold thickness, and midarm circumference) and biochemical (transferrin, prealbumin, ceruloplasmin, and C3c) indices. Anthropometric indices, which were within the normal range before TPN, were not changed on day 15; transferrin and prealbumin concentrations significantly (p = 0.03) decreased whereas ceruloplasmin and C3c significantly (p = 0.03) increased. The levels of acute-phase proteins (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and C-reactive protein), determined in 8 of the 16 patients at the same time intervals, were increased after 15 days of TPN and were significantly inversely correlated with transferrin and prealbumin. On the basis of these data, it appears that biochemical indices are not sufficiently reliable in the nutritional assessment of bone marrow transplantation patients because the levels of these substances are markedly affected by the acute-phase response secondary to febrile episodes and graft-versus-host disease, which frequently complicate transplantation.
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PMID:Biochemical indices may not accurately reflect changes in nutritional status after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 874 94

The acute phase serum protein response to infection, inflammation or trauma has been identified in a number of species and consists of alterations to the serum concentrations of several proteins. It is known that the profile of acute phase protein response to stimulation differs between species. In the pig, individual proteins have been identified as acute phase proteins in association with infection or pathological lesions. In this investigation, turpentine injection was used to stimulate a sterile inflammatory lesion in pigs so that the relative changes in acute phase protein could be determined and the most appropriate proteins identified as markers of inflammation. The mean serum concentration of the acid soluble glycoprotein fraction showed a two-fold increase with a peak 2 days after treatment. The mean serum alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein concentration fluctuated during the period following injection of turpentine with little difference from the control animals. The mean concentration of serum ceruloplasmin increased by 40% by the 4th day following treatment. The mean serum concentration of haptoglobin increased more than two-fold reaching a peak on the 2nd day after treatment. The mean serum C-reactive protein level increased eight-fold with a peak on the 2nd day after turpentine injection. C-reactive protein and haptoglobin are likely to be the best markers for the identification of inflammatory lesions in pigs.
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PMID:The acute phase response of acid soluble glycoprotein, alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and C-reactive protein, in the pig. 879 74


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