Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase)
 58,858 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of acetaldehyde administration for 4 weeks on antioxidant protection systems was investigated in liver of rats. Liver SOD activity was decreased from control value 542.4 U/g of tissue to 411.2 U/g of tissue in experimental group (24% decrease). GSH-Px activity was practically unchanged and liver CAT activity was significantly decreased (35%). Sulfhydryl compounds in liver non-proteins following ACH treatment were decreased from 4.22 mumol/g of tissue in control group to 2.86 mumol/g of tissue (23%). Furthermore acetaldehyde treatment caused significant increase in MDA level in liver (78% increase).
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PMID:The diminution of liver glutathione content and changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes in long-term acetaldehyde poisoning. 128 37

The role of free radical generation and its scavenging enzymes in circulating mice polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) has been studied following pulmonary thromboembolism. Levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), 02- radical generation, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lysozyme were estimated in lysed neutrophil preparations. Activities of SOD and CAT were increased in neutrophils, while animals showed 60 +/- 4% thrombocytopenia. Levels of MDA in PMNLs were also elevated significantly following thrombosis. However, there was no significant change in superoxide radical generation, after thrombotic challenge, in mice neutrophils. The present study provides evidence for the involvement of free radicals in mice pulmonary thromboembolism.
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PMID:Effect of pulmonary thromboembolism on circulating neutrophils in mice. 132 50

The levels of free radicals in the whole blood of the patients with cor pulmonale were determined using the method of electron spin resonance (ESR). The concentrations of serum SOD were determined using RIA. The concentrations of the MDA, vitamin E, selenium and the activities of the SeGSHPx, CAT of the patients were also measured using biochemical methods. The results showed that the level of free radical in the whole blood and serum MDA, SOD increase if compared with that of control group. The activities of SeGSH-Px, CAT and the concentration of vitamin E in serum of the patients are in lower level. These indicate that there is impairment in free radical metabolism of the patients.
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PMID:[Studies of free radical metabolism in patients with cor pulmonale]. 133 59

The aim of our study was first to obtain a comprehensive profile of the brain antioxidant defense potential and peroxidative damage during aging. We investigated copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), seleno-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R) activities, endogenous and in vitro stimulated lipid peroxidation in 40 brains of control mice divided into 3 age groups: 2 months (young), 12 months (middle-aged) and 28 months (old). We found a positive correlation between age and activities of CuZnSOD (r = 0.47; P < 0.01) and GSH-PX (r = 0.72; P < 0.0001). CuZnSOD and GSH-PX activities are independently regulated during brain aging since temporal changes of these two enzymes do not correlate. No modification in MnSOD activity and basal lipid peroxidation was observed as a function of age. Nevertheless, stimulated lipid peroxidation was significantly higher at 12 months (6.53 +/- 0.71 mumole MDA/g tissue) than at 2 months (5.69 +/- 0.90) and significantly lower at 28 months (5.13 +/- 0.33) than at 12 months. Second, we used genetic manipulations to construct transgenic mice that specifically overexpress CuZnSOD to understand the role of CuZnSOD in neuronal aging. The human CuZnSOD transgene expression was stable during aging. The increased CuZnSOD activity in the brain (1.9-fold) of transgenic mice resulted in an enhanced rate of basal lipid peroxidation and in increased MnSOD activity in the 3 age groups. Other antioxidant enzymes did not exhibit modifications indicating the independence of the regulation between CuZnSOD and glutathione-related enzymes probably due to their different cellular localization in the brain.
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PMID:Age-related changes in antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in brains of control and transgenic mice overexpressing copper-zinc superoxide dismutase. 138 70

SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and sulfhydryl compounds MDA contents in liver of rats treated with heparegen for 7, 14, and 21 days after alcoholic liver injury have been investigated. After use of this drug, we found beneficial effects on GSH-Px activity, sulfhydryl compounds (total and nonprotein), and MDA content and a partially beneficial effect on SOD and CAT activities. These enzyme activities after 21 days of drug administration were restored. Furthermore, heparegen shortens the time necessary for the return of AIAT and GGTP to normal value. This enzymatic data are supported by histological studies in light microscopy.
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PMID:The effect of heparegen on antioxidant enzyme activities in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats. 141 65

New biologically active compounds (BAC) created on the basis of nicotinic acid possess hepatoprotective action. The preparations were introduced preventively in doses of 10 mg/kg during 14 days. Litonit and nicogamol increased survival of experimental animals by 36.8% and nicotinic acid by 26.8%. ALT, AST, GGT activity in the blood serum was reduced. The activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase) grew in the rat liver tissue in parallel with inhibition of DK and MDA activity. Morphological picture of the rat liver, most evident after application of litonit improved. Hepatoprotective action of these BAC are attributed to their membrano stabilizing effects.
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PMID:[Mechanisms of hepatoprotective action of new nicotinic acid derivatives in experimental CCL4-induced liver injury]. 142 11

Malonaldehyde (MDA), a decomposition product of lipid hydroperoxides which is used as an indicator of oxidative damage to cells and tissues, reacts, in vitro, with hydrogen peroxide to form undetermined degradation products. Since human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) release reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide when stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), we incubated specific amounts of MDA with resting PMNs and PMA-stimulated PMNs. The amount of MDA recovered after 30 min incubation with stimulated cells, as determined by MDA-thiobarbituric acid assay, was 25% lower than that recovered with resting cells. In the presence of catalase 18% of MDA disappeared and in the presence of superoxide dismutase 15% disappeared. This indicates that measurements of MDA production in living systems, in the presence of reactive oxygen species, could be underestimated.
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PMID:Is malonaldehyde a valuable indicator of lipid peroxidation? 153 Jun 65

In vitro studies have demonstrated that gliclazide has free radical scavenging and antiplatelet activities. To assess this clinically, we studied gliclazide in a blinded, randomized, glibenclamide-controlled trial in 30 type II diabetic patients with retinopathy. All patients had been taking glibenclamide for more than 12 months before being randomized to receive either an equipotent dose of gliclazide or to continue on glibenclamide. Diabetic control was not modified. The patients were well matched at randomization (mean age, 58 years; duration of diabetes, 8 years; 20 males; mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 8.6%) and their degree of diabetic control was not altered during the trial. Free radical activity was assessed as oxidative status by plasma thiols (PSH), lipid peroxides (MDA-LM), and red blood cell superoxide dismutase activity (SOD). Platelet aggregation in whole blood to collagen (Plt-ag) was used as the measure of platelet reactivity. There were no differences between these measurements at baseline. At 3 months, the oxidative status and platelet aggregation in the gliclazide group had improved significantly compared with baseline and had also showed significant differences in all parameters when compared with the glibenclamide group. Therefore, comparing gliclazide with glibenclamide-treated patients at 3 months, we found: PSH, 458 +/- 38 versus 414 +/- 34 mumol/L, P less than .004; MDA-LM, 7.0 +/- 0.6 versus 8.3 +/- 0.8 mumol/L, P less than .0002; SOD, 152 +/- 36 versus 123 +/- 15 micrograms/mL, P less than .016; Plt-ag, 50.8 +/- 24 versus 72.3% +/- 15%, P less than .006. These changes were maintained at 6 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of gliclazide on platelet reactivity and free radicals in type II diabetic patients: clinical assessment. 157 14

Exhaustive endurance exercise in adult female albino rats (C-Ex) increased the generation of free radicals (R.) in the myocardium, probably through enhanced oxidative mechanisms. Free radical mediated lipid peroxidation measured in the form of tissue MDA content also increased in C-Ex animals, suggesting the exercise-induced oxidative stress in these animals. Dietary supplementation of Vit E, for a period of 60 days significantly increased Vit E incorporation into the serum and myocardium, more so in the myocardium. Vit E supplementation to exercising animals completely abolished the radical production. The protection of Vit E against oxidative stress appears to be not mediated through the improvement of antioxidant mechanisms by enzymes like SOD, catalase and Se-GSH Px. However the non Se-GSH Px, the enzyme involved in the reduction of endoperoxides increased significantly in control and Vit E fed animals in response to exercise. The protection of Vit E against exercise-induced oxidative stress was correlated with its multivarious activities like a) scavenger of free radicals; b) inhibition of lipoxygenases; and c) reduction of peroxides in association with lipoxygenases. These studies indicate that dietary supplementation of Vit E protects the animals from the possible oxidative damages of endurance exercise.
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PMID:Dietary supplementation of vitamin E protects heart tissue from exercise-induced oxidant stress. 158 32

In the present study, we have assayed the enzymatic activity of Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GSH-Px, GSH-Red, Cat, and G6PD in rat retina as a function of age. Conjugated diene levels and MDA formation were also determined. The conjugated diene levels in rat retina were found to increase significantly with age, accompanied by a marked decrease in GSH-Px and Cat activities. No age-related change in MDA levels and in GSH-Red and G6PD activity was found, whereas a significant increase in SOD activity was observed between 1 and 4 months. Decreased GSH-Px and Cat activity is related to increased lipid peroxidation with age.
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PMID:Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymatic systems in rat retina as a function of age. 160 66


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