Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.11.1.9 (glutathione peroxidase)
 22,002 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is the major viral pathogen of culture shrimp. Although remarkable progress has been made in characterizing the WSSV genome, information concerning the antiviral process of host is still limited. To identify the genes differentially expressed along with their expression profile in the hemocytes of the virus-resistant shrimp, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and differential hybridization (DH) were employed. Relying on the sequences identified in the subtractive cDNA library, 30 genes were characterized to be involved in the antiviral process as defense-relevant, among them, 22 are found for the first time in penaeid shrimp. The most interesting finding is that the interferon-like protein (IntlP) and (2'-5') oligo(A) synthetase-like protein (data not shown) known as the antiviral factors showed increased expression in virus-resistant shrimp and the non-specific antiviral activity of IntlP protein was verified by cytotoxicity experiment. A number of proteins with certain similarities to the components of the complement and cytokines system in vertebrates were also found in the subtracted library. The high expression of redox-related factors (NADH dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and transcription factor AP-1 precursor), plasma defensive protein (C-type lectin and laminin-like protein) and translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in the virus-resistant shrimp suggested that they are essential components participating in the antiviral process. Our work provides a wide array of genes differentially expressed in the virus-resistant shrimp, and a framework for further studies aimed at antiviral mechanism in shrimp.
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PMID:Differential profile of genes expressed in hemocytes of White Spot Syndrome Virus-resistant shrimp (Penaeus japonicus) by combining suppression subtractive hybridization and differential hybridization. 1578 Nov 31

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent of White Spot disease of shrimp, causing mass mortalities in aquaculture. WSSV infection causes oxidative stress by the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are toxic to the cells. The antioxidant enzymes associated with oxidative stress during the process of pathogenesis of WSSV in the infected tissues (hemolymph, hepatopancreas, gills and muscle) of Fenneropenaeus indicus were quantitatively determined at different time intervals post infection (0, 24, 48, 72 and after 72 h (moribund)). The level of lipid peroxidation, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and also the activities of the non-enzymic antioxidants glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione and glutathione reductase in healthy and WSSV-infected hemolymph, hepatopancreas, gills and muscle of F. indicus showed marked differences at different times during the course of infection. The level of lipid peroxidation was higher in WSSV-infected muscle, hemolymph, gills and hepatopancreas than in uninfected F. indicus. Significant reductions in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were observed in WSSV-infected compared with uninfected animals. The increased lipid peroxidation in WSSV-infected shrimp may be due to increased oxidative stress in the cells as a result of depletion of antioxidant scavenger systems. The reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes in WSSV-infected animals could be due to inactivation of antioxidant enzymes by oxidative stress thereby generating free radicals, which accumulate in the cells. Further understanding of the biochemical alterations induced by viral infections, including changes in the antioxidant status and oxidative stress, could help to advance the therapeutic armamentarium for control of WSSV in shrimp.
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PMID:White spot syndrome virus infection decreases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Fenneropenaeus indicus. 1613 13