Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.11.1.7 (peroxidase)
 65,474 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The uveal inflammatory response was studied in 31 rabbits treated unilaterally with neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) cyclophotocoagulation. Fifteen applications of 3.5-J energy were delivered to the dorsal and ventral perilimbal sclera using a contact continuous-wave system. On days 1, 3, 8, and 15, the inflammatory effects were assessed. Peak levels of aqueous humor protein (11 +/- 3 mg/ml), prostaglandin E2 (8.9 +/- 3.0 ng/ml), leukocytes (205 +/- 113/microliters), and iris-ciliary body myeloperoxidase activity (6.32 +/- 1.4 U/mg protein) occurred on day 3 and rapidly decreased between days 7 and 15. Vitreal protein levels also peaked at day 3 but remained elevated through day 15 (3.8 +/- 1.3 mg/ml). By contrast, aqueous erythrocytes were most numerous (22,614 +/- 10,517/microliters) on day 8. Levels of leukotriene B4 remained low in all eyes at all intervals. Correlative histologic changes were ciliary coagulation necrosis, severe vascular congestion, and a predominantly mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate. These data suggest that Nd:YAG cyclophotocoagulation in rabbits induces a relatively mild inflammatory response that is associated with significant vascular compromise. Although these observations may not be analogous to the situation in the human eye, they may provide a model with which to compare the relative effects of different treatment parameters to help establish the optimum protocol.
 ...
PMID:Inflammatory effects of continuous-wave neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet laser cyclophotocoagulation. 131 69

Selenium, aluminum, cadmium, and magnesium concentrations and glutathione-peroxidase activities in sera of 35 healthy individuals, 30 renal transplants, and 30 hemodialysis patients were measured. Serum selenium, aluminum, and cadmium concentrations in both groups of patients were higher than the controls (p less than 0.001), whereas the serum glutathione-peroxidase levels were lower (p less than 0.001). According to our results, it can be concluded that the patients receiving hemodialysis are subjected to more toxic elements than the transplantation patients. These findings imply that dietary selenium supplement may be suggested in renal failure for the detoxification of elements, such as cadmium and mercury. The essential trace element selenium takes part not only in the direct protection of endothelial cells against the accumulation of aggressive oxygen species, but also in the prevention of the toxic effects of cadmium or in the modulation of the active calcium transport.
 ...
PMID:Serum selenium and glutathione-peroxidase activities and their interaction with toxic metals in dialysis and renal transplantation patients. 137 65

Tea is grown in about 30 countries but is consumed worldwide, although at greatly varying levels. It is the most widely consumed beverage aside from water with a per capita worldwide consumption of approximately 0.12 liter per year. Tea is manufactured in three basic forms. Green tea is prepared in such a way as to preclude the oxidation of green leaf polyphenols. During black tea production oxidation is promoted so that most of these substances are oxidized. Oolong tea is a partially oxidized product. Of the approximately 2.5 million metric tons of dried tea manufactured, only 20% is green tea and less than 2% is oolong tea. Green tea is consumed primarily in China, Japan, and a few countries in North Africa and the Middle East. Fresh tea leaf is unusually rich in the flavanol group of polyphenols known as catechins which may constitute up to 30% of the dry leaf weight. Other polyphenols include flavanols and their glycosides, and depsides such as chlorogenic acid, coumarylquinic acid, and one unique to tea, theogallin (3-galloylquinic acid). Caffeine is present at an average level of 3% along with very small amounts of the other common methylxanthines, theobromine and theophylline. The amino acid theanine (5-N-ethylglutamine) is also unique to tea. Tea accumulates aluminum and manganese. In addition to the normal complement of plant cell enzymes, tea leaf contains an active polyphenol oxidase which catalyzes the aerobic oxidation of the catechins when the leaf cell structure is disrupted during black tea manufacture. The various quinones produced by the enzymatic oxidations undergo condensation reactions which result in a series of compounds, including bisflavanols, theaflavins, epitheaflavic acids, and thearubigens, which impart the characteristic taste and color properties of black tea. Most of these compounds readily form complexes with caffeine. There is no tannic acid in tea. Thearubigens constitute the largest mass of the extractable matter in black tea but their composition is not well known. Proanthocyanidins make up part of the complex. Tea peroxidase may be involved in their generation. The catechin quinones also initiate the formation of many of the hundreds of volatile compounds found in the black tea aroma fraction. Green tea composition is very similar to that of the fresh leaf except for a few enzymatically catalyzed changes which occur extremely rapidly following plucking. New volatile substances are produced during the drying stage. Oolong tea is intermediate in composition between green and black teas.
 ...
PMID:Green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry. 161 95

Aluminum intoxication is currently thought to play a major role in the development of Alzheimer's disease and in certain pathologic manifestations seen during long-term hemodialysis and aging. The hypothesis that aluminum toxicity is mediated via an increased free radical production was tested by studying the effects of two aluminum and five other metallic compounds on the production of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (LECL) by human neutrophils. AlCl3, Al2(SO4)3 and FeCl3 were found to stimulate LECL production by human neutrophils whereas FeCl2, CuCl, CuCl2, AuCl3 were inactive. Metal chelators such as Desferal, EDTA and DETAPA suppressed aluminum-induced stimulation and depressed cell-dependent LECL below basal levels. Sodium azide and Cytochalasin B greatly depressed both basal and aluminum-induced stimulation of LECL production, suggesting that, in this system, most of this stimulation was due to myeloperoxidase. These results suggest that high tissue aluminum concentrations may induce cell-tissue lesions by stimulating local production or release of mediators of tissue damage.
 ...
PMID:Aluminum salts stimulate luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence production by human neutrophils. 190 35

Neurofibrillary degeneration is an argyrophilic intraneuronal lesion found in several unrelated neurologic conditions. The relationship between different types of neurofibrillary tangles is investigated with two monoclonal antibodies raised against Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles (anti-ANT). Using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, the authors demonstrate that neurofibrillary tangles of progressive supranuclear palsy, containing 15-nm straight filaments, share an antigenic determinant with ANTs. Ultrastructural studies localize the antigenic determinant to filamentous elements in the parakarya. The determinant is not present in normal brain, aluminum-induced experimental tangles in the rabbit, Lewy bodies, Hirano bodies, or axonal filamentous inclusions of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and giant axonal neuropathy. It is, however, present in ANTs regardless of the pathologic condition in which they are found, including Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, and postencephalitic Parkinson's disease.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles. 2. Demonstration of a common antigenic determinant between ANT and neurofibrillary degeneration in progressive supranuclear palsy. 241 Nov 43

A method for immobilizing oligosaccharides on a TLC plate for immunostaining has been developed. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc)-containing oligosaccharides derived from II3NeuGc-LacCer, IV3NeuGc-nLcOse4Cer, II3NeuGc-GgOse3Cer, and II3(NeuGc)2-LacCer by digestion with our newly isolated endoglycoceramidase (Ito, M. & Yamagata, T. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 14278-14282) and sialyllactose were chromatographed on polyamide 11 TLC or NH2-HPTLC plates, and covalently linked to the plates by reductive amination with sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH3-CN). The immobilized oligosaccharides were detected by enzyme-immunostaining using NeuGc-specific chicken anti-NeuGc-LacCer and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit anti-chicken IgG. II3NeuGc-nLcOse4 showed the highest reactivity with the antibody, followed by II3NeuGc-GgOse3. As little as 0.8 nmol of the NeuGc-containing oligosaccharides was detected. The polyamide 11 TLC aluminum plate was found to be more suitable for the immunostaining than the NH2-HPTLC plate under the conditions used. For binding of the oligosaccharides to the NH2-HPTLC plate, reductive amination was found to be superior to the heating method reported earlier.
 ...
PMID:Immunostaining on thin-layer chromatograms of oligosaccharides released from gangliosides by endoglycoceramidase. 366 70

The neurofibrillary tangles induced by maytansine and aluminum are stained by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase method, using antibodies raised against the 68, 150 and 200 kdaltons polypeptide subunits of normal neurofilaments. The immunoreaction with each of the 3 antisera occurs regardless of the location of the neurofilament accumulation, whether in perikarya, dendrites or axons. It is very likely that the filaments of the neurofibrillary tangles induced by both aluminum and maytansine contain all the 3 neurofilament subunits.
 ...
PMID:Comparative immunocytochemical characterization of neurofibrillary tangles in experimental maytansine and aluminum encephalopathies. 635 62

Neurofibrillary tangles were induced in the motor neurons of the rabbit spinal cord by the intrathecal injection of colchicine, vinblastine, and vincristine. The tangles stained intensely by immunofluorescence and by the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase procedure using neurofilament antisera raised against chicken brain antigen, as previously reported for aluminum-induced neurofibrillary tangles. No immunohistochemical reactivity could be demonstrated between the tangles and a 150,000 dalton bovine neurofilament antiserum, although the adjacent axons were intensely stained in cryostat sections of the spinal cord.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of neurofibrillary tangles induced by mitotic spindle inhibitors. 700 50

Antisera to the 150K-dalton polypeptide of the bovine neurofilament triplet and chicken neurofilament antisera reacting with the 70K protein in isolated bovine brain filaments stained the same structures in rat cerebellum by immunofluorescence and peroxidase-antiperoxidase methods, that is Purkinje cell baskets, thin nerve fibers in the lower half of the molecular layer and myelinated axons. The 150K bovine neurofilament antisera did not stain large motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord in rat and rabbit, nor aluminum-induced neurofibrillary tangles in the rabbit. All these structures were demonstrated by the chicken neurofilament antisera and by silver neurofibrillary methods. IDPN-induced axonal balloons containing accumulations of neurofilaments were equally well stained by bovine 150K and chicken neurofilament antisera. These data suggest that the 150K polypeptide of the neurofilament triplet is not a subunit of the neurofilament core and probably plays a role in axonal transport.
 ...
PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of the 150K neurofilament protein in the rat and the rabbit. 700 55

The localization of neurofilament proteins was investigated at the light and electron microscopic levels by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure in the motor neurons of rabbit spinal cord accumulating bundles of filaments (neurofibrillary tangles) consequent to the intrathecal injection of aluminum and in rat cerebellum. As indicated by immunoaffinity chromatography the antisera used in this study reacted with 72,000- and 150,000-dalton polypeptides of the mammalian neurofilament "triplet". In the motor neurons of rabbit spinal cord neurofibrillary tangles were prominently stained. Regions of cytoplasm surrounded by the tangles were negative. In the cerebellar cortex the reaction product was confined to structures containing large amounts of neurofilaments, particularly the terminal branches of basket axons surrounding Purkinje cells. The absence of staining in the outer molecular layer containing processes with other types of filaments, that is, Bergmann glia (gliofilaments) and thin parallel fibers (microtubules), served as control for the specificity of the reaction. In both spinal cord and cerebellum the reaction product appeared as elongated strands. In spinal cord, filaments cut in cross-section had the appearance of peripherally stained circular structures approximately 250 A in diameter.
 ...
PMID:Ultrastructural localization of neurofilament proteins in aluminum-induced neurofibrillary tangles and rat cerebellum by immunoperoxidase labeling. 704 61


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>