Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.11.1.7 (peroxidase)
 65,474 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immunophenotype of leukaemia cells from 60 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) was analysed with the APAAP technique using a panel of anti-myeloid and lymphoid associated monoclonal antibodies (McAb). Cells from all cases, including three with negative cytochemical features, were labelled by at least one of the anti-myeloid McAb CD13, anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-Mpo), and/or CD14. The most sensitive marker was CD13, since it was positive in 90% of cases. In two out of three AML cases defined as M0-AML, CD13 was expressed in the cytoplasm but not on the membrane; in these three cases peroxidase (Mpo) was not detected by conventional cytochemistry, but could be demonstrated in all of them using the McAb anti-Mpo. The simultaneous expression of CD14 and CD68 McAb was often confined to the M4 and M5 FAB AML subtypes (92% cases) as compared to the others: M1, M2, M3 (18% cases). Lymphoid antigens were rarely positive (TdT+: 13%, CD7+: 15%, CD19+: 5%) and none of the AML cases were CD3+ or CD10+. By contrast, CD4 was expressed in blasts from 44% of cases and this was not restricted to AML with a monocytic component (M4, M5) but also found in other subtypes. There were no significant differences in the clinical or prognostic features according to the positivity or negativity with TdT and CD4. By contrast, expression of CD7 was associated with refractoriness to the treatment or short complete remission duration, although the number of patients is too small to draw firm conclusions. Our findings support the clinical and diagnostic relevance of immunophenotypic studies in AML.
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PMID:The value of detecting surface and cytoplasmic antigens in acute myeloid leukaemia. 132 89

Between 1983-1988 bone marrow samples obtained from 195 peroxidase-negative leukemia patients were analyzed for their surface antigens. Thirteen of these patients (6.7%) had myelomonocytic-positive and lymphoid-negative antigens. These leukemic cells reacted with CD13 in eight patients, CD33 in seven, CD11 in six and CDw41 in two. In none of these patients did the leukemic cells react with CD1, CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD10, CD19 or CD20. Leukemic cells from two patients were reactive with CD7. These leukemic cells demonstrated L2 morphology in 11 patients and L1 morphology in one patient. The leukemic cells from the final patient were diagnosed as those of leukemic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome. Chromosomal abnormality was observed in approximately half of the patients examined (6/10). Cytochemical analysis revealed that the leukemic cells were negative for periodic acid Schiff stain but positive for acid phosphatase. The prognosis of these patients was markedly poor as compared to acute lymphocytic leukemia or typical peroxidase-positive nonlymphocytic leukemia. Complete remission was induced in only 30% of patients and duration of survival was short (4.7 months). This suggests that myelomonocytic antigen-positive peroxidase-negative acute leukemia is a distinct type of leukemia and may require more aggressive therapy to improve survival.
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PMID:Peroxidase-negative and myelomonocytic antigen-positive acute leukemia. 132 47

A population of bovine non B/non T, cytotoxic lymphocytes with natural killer activity against virus-infected and non-infected embryonic kidney cells was functionally characterized. The data obtained in experiments of flow cytometry and immuno-peroxidase staining show that a CD2-, CD4-, CD8-, TcR gamma delta-, CD3+, CD45+, FcR+ lymphoid killer cell does exist within bovine peripheral blood leucocytes. This population can detect the down-regulation of class I MHC antigens or the expression of embryonic forms thereof, as shown by experiments of 17-hour 51Cr release and binding to target cells. This model was tested in vitro in experiments on virus-infected bovine kidney cells. The emerging picture was substantially in agreement with the "missing self" theory as a possible option for target cell recognition. In this respect, the profound alteration of MHC Class I expression could represent a major early event, recognized on virus-infected cells by the immune system.
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PMID:Target recognition by bovine mononuclear, MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic cells. 133 49

Internalization of CD4 molecules on human CD4-enriched T-cells was demonstrated by immunocytochemical electron microscopy. CD4+ T-cell subclones were obtained from normal human peripheral blood, followed by one-way MLC screening and co-culturing with IL-2. Fixed and non-fixed T-cell samples were indirectly immunolabeled with mouse anti-human CD4 monoclonal antibody and goat anti-mouse IgG conjugated with peroxidase. Unfixed T-cells were immunolabeled at 4 degrees C and then re-incubated for 5-45 min at 37 degrees C. The selected CD4+ T-cell subclones showed strong CD4 binding on the cell surface after IL-2 incubation. However, fresh T-cells, monocytes, bone marrow cells and CD8+ T-cells all stained negative for CD4. The distribution of CD4 molecules on the fixed cell surface showed a homogeneous pattern. Capping and internalization of CD4-antibody-peroxidase complexes from the cell surfaces were observed follow a pathway of receptor-mediated endocytosis in unfixed T cells. Endocytotic vesicles, vacuoles of diverse sizes and shapes near the cell membrane or deep in the cell center were found to contain CD4 molecules. Negatively stained Golgi saccules were observed up to 45 min after re-incubation. These results suggest that increased CD4 molecules can be induced on the surface of normal human T-cells in vitro. Internalization and accumulation of CD4 molecules occurred in CD4-enriched T-cells with IL-2 pretreatment.
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PMID:Internalization of CD4 molecules in human T-cells demonstrated by immuno-electron microscopy. 137 61

A 27-year-old male with systemic lymphadenopathy was diagnosed as lymphoblastic-type lymphoma by inguinal lymph node biopsy in September, 1990. Bone marrow at the initial diagnosis contained 55.4% lymphoblasts with a phenotype of peroxidase (-), CD7 (+), CD4 (-), CD8 (-). Lymphadenopathy and lymphoblasts in bone marrow disappeared after MACOP-B therapy. In December, 1990, however, the patient again noticed swelling of cervical lymph nodes. At this time, the bone marrow contained 36.4% myeloblasts with a peroxidase (+), CD7 (+), CD13 (+), CD33 (+) phenotype. Cytogenetic and genetic study revealed that the lymphoblasts at the initial diagnosis and the myeloblasts at relapse shared an common abnormal karyotype, 11p-, and the same rearranged band of T-cell receptor delta, gamma, beta genes, suggesting that these two blasts originated from the same clone. The blasts obtained from the cervical lymph node at relapse were still negative for peroxidase, in contrast to the blasts from bone marrow. These findings suggest that this leukemia originated from a stem cell and differentiated along multilineage pathways.
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PMID:[CD7 (+) stem cell leukemia presenting different phenotypes in lymph node and bone marrow]. 138 80

A novel human myeloid cell line, designated HSM-1, has been established from the pleural effusion of a patient with granulocytic sarcoma (GS) who had been followed as having primary myelofibrosis for 10 years. When he was diagnosed as having granulocytic sarcoma in dermal tissues, no evidence of malignant transformation into leukaemia was found in both the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The established cell line was positive for myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, Naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. Surface marker analysis revealed that HSM-1 expressed CD4, CD13, CD11a, CD11b, Leu8, CD49b, CD49d, CD49e, CD29 and HLA-DR. To clarify why the unusual myeloid tumours developed in non-haematopoietic tissues, we examined the capability of HSM-1 to bind to skin fibroblast layers. The HSM-1 cells were found to bind to both bone marrow stromal layers and skin fibroblast layers. Among the other myeloid cell lines tested, none was found to bind to skin fibroblast layers. These findings suggest that the GS cell line may be derived from a haematopoietic precursor cell which can bind to skin fibroblasts and is localized in non-haematopoietic tissues resulting in the formation of extramedullary myeloid metaplasia. HSM-1 is a useful tool for analysing the characteristics of granulocytic sarcoma and homing receptors for haematopoietic stem cells.
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PMID:Establishment of a novel granulocytic sarcoma cell line which can adhere to dermal fibroblasts from a patient with granulocytic sarcoma in dermal tissues and myelofibrosis. 141 99

Two continuously growing cell lines, designated YOS-M and YOS-B, were established simultaneously from a patient with Philadelphia (Ph1) chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) in myeloid blast crisis. Both YOS-M and YOS-B had the Ph1 chromosome and identical additional chromosome abnormalities, which were not detected in the chronic phase. Cytochemical analysis showed that YOS-M was significantly positive for peroxidase, whereas YOS-B was entirely negative. YOS-M expressed myeloid-associated antigens (CD14, CD33) as well as CD4, CD25 and CD34. The surface phenotype of YOS-M was identical to that of the leukaemic blasts found in the patient. On the other hand, YOS-B expressed mature B-cell markers, CD19, CD20, CD21 and surface immunoglobulin, but not myeloid-associated antigens. These two cell lines showed an identical rearrangement pattern of the break point cluster region on chromosome 22, but rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was detected only in YOS-B. These findings provide definite evidence that CML cells still have the capability to differentiate and mature along different haematopoietic cell lineages even after blast crisis.
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PMID:Simultaneous establishment of myeloid and B-lymphoid cell lines with identical chromosome abnormalities from Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia. 148 31

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent stimulator of macrophages and neutrophils and plays a role in inflammatory diseases. In this article, we report that mouse brain-derived microvascular smooth muscle cells (SM) and endothelial cells (En) in coculture with splenocytes support the colony proliferation of immature granulocyte-macrophage-like (GM) cells. Unstimulated SM and En cells release GM-CSF as shown by ELISA assay and SM expresses mRNA for GM-CSF by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Stimulation of SM and En by a nonspecific activator (lipopolysaccharide) results in upregulation of GM-CSF production. GM colonies cannot be grown on cultured astrocytes or on extracellular matrix alone prepared from smooth muscle or endothelium. However, colonies form on the extracellular matrix and on astrocytes, either in the presence of SM- or En-conditioned medium or after the addition of recombinant GM-CSF. The GM cells are positive for nonspecific esterase, peroxidase, and MAC-1 markers but are negative for FC gamma receptors and for Thy 1.2, CD8, CD4, MHC class II, and Asialo GM1 markers. These observations emphasize the possibility for active participation of brain microvasculature SM and En in acute inflammatory reactions of the central nervous system.
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PMID:Brain microvascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells produce granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and support colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage-like cells. 149 93

A monocytoid cell line (DOP-M1) was established from mononuclear cells separated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a 1-year-old girl with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) (French-American-British; FAB-M5a). Judged by morphological, cytochemical, and immunological criteria, the DOP-M1 cells showed immature monocytoid characteristics. They were positive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, the expression of which was inhibited by NaF, and for myeloperoxidase (MPO). Positive MPO findings in nuclear envelope were detectable by electron microscopy. The cell surface was positive for CD15, CD33, and CDw65, but negative for CD4, CD14, and HLA-DR. HLA-DR expression was detected after treatment with IFN-gamma. Chromosome analysis of DOP-M1 cells revealed 47,X,-X,-13,+19,+20,+mar. Our established cell line, DOP-M1 appears to be a cell line which will be a useful tool for studying the phenotype, morphology, and function of monocytoid cells.
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PMID:Establishment of a monocytoid cell line (DOP-M1) from an infant with acute monocytic leukemia. 158 83

We investigated the origin of leukemic progenitors in a case of the simultaneous occurrence of myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma (IgG-kappa). At presentation, myeloperoxidase and nonspecific esterase-positive myelomonocytic cells had proliferated up to 12.2 x 10(9)/liter in the peripheral blood. Bone marrow cell differentials revealed the coexistence of myelomonocytic cells (30%) and atypical plasmacytoid cells (26%). Myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood expressed both myeloid antigens (CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33) and T/B-lymphoid antigens (CD2, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD10, PCA-1). Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) could be divided into PCA-1 strongly positive and PCA-1 weakly positive populations, which were considered to represent myeloma cells and myelomonocytic cells, respectively; the former were CD2-positive (CD2+), CD14-, and CD15-, whereas the latter were CD2+, CD14+, and CD15+. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that, in addition to plasmacytoid cells, a minority of myelomonocytic cells showed a positive reaction for IgG staining, and production of IgG was observed in the culture supernatant of CD14+ myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood. Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of two identical rearrangement bands of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene in both BMMC containing myeloma cells and myelomonocytic cells and CD14+ myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood. In a long-term methylcellulose assay, peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced large compact colonies consisting of macrophages and IgG+ plasmacytoid cells (M phi/P colonies), while BMMC produced a different type of colonies consisting of CD14+ myelomonoblasts, macrophages, and IgG+ plasma cells (Mb/M phi/P colonies) in addition to M phi/P colonies. Recloning experiments showed that primary Mb/M phi/P colonies gave rise to both secondary M phi/P and Mb/M phi/P colonies. These observations strongly suggest that common leukemic progenitors provide both myeloma and myelomonocytic leukemia cells, and the mechanism of "lineage infidelity" is probably involved in the development of their "bilineal" differentiation.
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PMID:Simultaneous occurrence of myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma: involvement of common leukemic progenitors and their developmental abnormality of "lineage infidelity". 165 17


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