Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.11.1.7 (peroxidase)
 65,474 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The bovine pancreatic inhibitor of trypsin (trasylol, Bayer) (T) and the soy bean trypsin inhibitor (SBI) were coupled with peroxidase (P). With each one of these coupling products (T and P and SBI and P) the cell distribution of proteolytic enzymes (PE) of ascitic cells of L5178Y murine lymphoma, was localized. The reactions were developed by means of Karnowsky's reaction with diaminobenzidine and H2O2. The preparations were observed under light and electronic microscopy. It was found that L5178Y cells contain intracellular PE in granules measuring 0.1 to 0.8 min diameter, and superficial PE that form a continuous layer of 80 to 120 nm over the cell surface. Superficial PE were not identified in 20 per cent of L5178Y cells, while in every case intracellular granules were found. Both the macrophages and the polimorphonuclear cells present in the ascitic fluid contained intracellular PE granules measuring 0.05 to 0.4 micron in diameter, and did not contain superficial PE.
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PMID:Proteolytic enzymes marking of malignant lymphoblasts, study of the L5178Y murine lymphoma. 63 54

The dose-dependent effect of L-asparaginase (Crasnitin, Bayer) on the serum IgG, IgA and IgM content was studied in 14 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This effect was less evident in the intracellular metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes (studied by the NBT test), in the myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase activities and in the serum glycogen and lipid content.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin and granulocyte cytochemical reactions in L-asparaginase treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 107 77

The Bayer-Technicon H*2 haematological analyser provides differential white blood cell count, including the assay of polymorphonuclear leukocytes by light scattering and the absorbance increase following the cytochemical reaction for myeloperoxidase. The mean value of polymorphonuclear leukocytes scatter, which reflects polymorphonuclear leukocytes volume, is printed in a separate report "for laboratory use only" as a ybar value in arbitrary units. In certain patients neutrophils displayed an unreported correlation between polymorphonuclear leukocytes high ybar basal values (> or = 37.00 arbitrary units) (determined on the H*2) and a defective response in vitro to the chemoattractant, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (determined by microscopic evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes shape change (polarization)). The patients showing no polymorphonuclear leukocyte response or a defective one to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were all affected by "Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)". Therefore the predictive value of the positive test for SIRS is 100%. On the other hand 8.8% of SIRS patients had polymorphonuclear leukocytes < 37.00 arbitrary units of ybar basal value and a "normal" response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine; the predictive value of the negative test being 90%. Since we demonstrated in vitro a dose-dependent deactivation of endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide-pretreated polymorphonuclear leukocytes, the "normal" response to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine of the "false negative" cases may occur because the endotoxaemia in these patients is too low to prevent it.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:High light scatter by neutrophils in the Bayer-Technicon H*2 analyzer: a screening test of morphologically defective responsiveness to in vitro chemotactic stimulation. 816 88

In the present study, phagocytosis and the oxidative metabolism of neutrophil granulocytes from five clinically healthy persons with different degrees of myeloperoxidase deficiency were investigated and compared to those of normal persons. The identification of individuals with myeloperoxidase deficiency was performed with the Bayer/Technicon H3 blood cell counter, which differentiates the leukocytes by measuring the peroxidase activity. Neutrophils of three out of five investigated myeloperoxidase deficient persons showed extremely low peroxidase indices (-53 and lower), but only the neutrophils of one person totally lacked myeloperoxidase. This was demonstrated by comparing myeloperoxidase mass concentration measured with an enzyme immunoassay, lack of HOCl production, and was further confirmed by measuring luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Characteristically, myeloperoxidase deficient granulocytes showed a strikingly decreased luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence while the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence was significantly increased compared to normal granulocytes. Although there is a DNA sequence homology of about 70%, the activity of peroxidase in eosinophils was not affected in any myeloperoxidase deficient person investigated. Moreover, a person with a very rare defect of eosinophil peroxidase had completely normal myeloperoxidase activity. The lack of myeloperoxidase activity is compensated for by an increased phagocytic activity, an increased production of superoxide anion (lucigenin-chemiluminescence) and probably by an alternative metabolism of H2O2; since persons lacking myeloperoxidase activity do not normally suffer from severe infections, H2O2 is obviously metabolized to other reactive oxygen substrates than HOCl, e.g. to OH-radicals.
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PMID:Phagocytic activity and oxidative burst of granulocytes in persons with myeloperoxidase deficiency. 896 Apr 64

Activity and release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured in heparinized whole blood samples after activation of neutrophil granulocytes by the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) using two different methods: (i) by determination of the amount of MPO released into the blood plasma using a MPO enzyme-immunoassay, and (ii) simultaneously, by measuring the remaining activity within the neutrophils by flow cytometry using the Bayer Technicon H3. Although a part of MPO was released immediately after addition of fMLP, remaining MPO activity within the neutrophils surprisingly increased during the first minutes after incubation. Subsequently, MPO activity dropped due to a continuous release of MPO. In addition to fMLP, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhanced MPO activity in neutrophils. These results indicate that MPO is present in resting granulocytes in an inactive or only partially active form and is activated by fMLP and GM-CSF.
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PMID:Evidence for the activation of myeloperoxidase by f-Meth-Leu-Phe prior to its release from neutrophil granulocytes. 912 33

We describe a new dip- and read dipstick that detects urine albumin at concentrations of 10 mg/l and above and urine creatinine at concentrations of 300 mg/l and above. The albumin assay is based on a high-affinity, dye-binding technique while the creatinine assay is based on the peroxidase-like activity of copper creatinine complexes. With these two-test dipsticks, urines from normal adults supplemented with albumin and creatinine were correctly identified to within +/- 15% of the expected value for both analytes; the between-day coefficients of variation ranged from 7.1% to 16.1%. We tested 275 patients' unmodified urines by the Bayer and Boehringer Mannheim Micral-Test albumin dipsticks and for albumin with the Beckman Array on the same specimens. We also analyzed 42 selected urines from the group of 275 for albumin by another quantitative immunochemical method and by electrophoresis plus a total protein method to estimate the albumin concentration. The quantitative immunochemical methods appear to underestimate the urine albumin concentrations; in these 42 urines measured as negative, i.e., < ca. 16-20 mg/l, by one of the quantitative method but positive by the Bayer dipstick, 33 of these were positive by the electrophoresis/total protein assay combination. The Bayer albumin dipstick correctly identified urines as having < 16 mg/l or > or = 16 mg/l at an 80% rate. At a cutoff of 20 mg/l, the rate increased to 87%. We also determined the urinary albumin/creatinine ratios on the 275 patients using the Bayer two-pad dipstick and found agreement 84% of the time with the same ratio obtained from a quantitative immunochemical method for albumin and a rate-Jaffe method for creatinine; an albumin/creatinine ratio (mg/g) of 30 was used as the discrimination point. Albumin stability studies performed on the Beckman Array patients with six fresh urines showed small but consistent decreases at -20 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C after one month of storage. The albumin in contrived urines, as estimated by electrophoreses/total protein and by the dipsticks did not change at these storage conditions. Boric acid at 1 g/l as a urine preservative had no effect on the measurement of albumin by any of the methods described here nor of the assay of creatinine. Other urinary proteins present at abnormal excretion rates did not interfere with the Bayer albumin dipstick. Abnormal concentrations of bilirubin, citrate, creatine, ascorbic acid, albumin, hemoglobin and myoglobin in urine did not interfere with the creatinine dipstick measurements. The first four of the above did not affect the Bayer dipstick results for albumin.
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PMID:Comparison of urine dipsticks with quantitative methods for microalbuminuria. 935 32

To facilitate the analysis of apoptotic cells, the present study proposes a new quantitative method based on the changes of light scatter properties of lymphoid cells undergoing apoptosis measured with a hematology analyzer. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 40 chronic B-lymphocytic leukemia samples, five acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia samples, three healthy donors and from T-cell lines Jurkat, SUB-T1 and SUP T8) were cultured during 72 hours in medium alone or in the presence of chlorambucil, fludarabine or theophylline, all compounds known to be apoptosis inducers, with or without adjunction of interleukin 4. Samples were run on a Bayer-H1 system and the percentage of apoptotic cells was evaluated by monitoring the lobularity index corresponding to the polymorphonuclear population. Results compared to the dUTP-fluorescein method by flow cytometry and dUTP-peroxidase labeling on slides (TUNEL) showed an excellent correlation (chi-square test: P < 0.01). This method is reliable and simple and allows one to measure routinely the percentage of apoptotic lymphoid cells at short notice in a laboratory of hematology. This is especially valuable, particularly in testing the predictive value of in vitro drug-induced apoptosis before starting a chemotherapy protocol.
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PMID:Simple, fast method of detection apoptosis in lymphoid cells. 962 22

The Bayer-Technicon hematological devices differentiate leukocytes by their peroxidase activity and their volume, displaying them as separate clusters. Peroxidase deficiencies are manifested by the irregular location of these clusters. This makes it possible to identify persons totally or partially lacking myeloperoxidase. The deficiency is quantified by the myeloperoxidase index, which is expressed for every routine analysis and for which normal values were determined. Values of the myeloperoxidase index confirm varying degrees of deficiency and prevalence. Family studies using these degrees show that the hereditary pattern must be more complicated than the classical autosomal-recessive mode. A bigenic mode is suggested. While about half of the totally deficient individuals detected were free of typical symptoms, in the other half we found infectious complications that were sometimes life-threatening. The hematological devices allow the identification of persons suffering from eosinoperoxidase deficiency and from MPO deficiency of the monocytes. The latter symptom seems to indicate immaturity of these cells and may lead to unexpected diagnosis of malignancy.
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PMID:Prevalence of myeloperoxidase deficiency: population studies using Bayer-Technicon automated hematology. 976 44

The ADVIA (Bayer) haematological system differentiates leukocytes by their volume and their peroxidase (MPO and EPO) activity. It thus allows specific counting of the eosinophils and detection of totally EPO and MPO deficient individuals. EPO activity is determined by the coordinates of the eosinophil cluster on the outprint. A reliable method of quantitation by simple angle measure is suggested. It allows recognition of partial deficiencies. Among approximately 100,000 persons, 29 cases of total EPO deficiency were detected. No typical or specific pathology of the defect was noted. Family studies showed heterozygous parents and offspring to be partially deficient. The frequency of these partial deficiencies in the general population is studied. The results exclude a simple autosomal recessive monogenic transmission of the defect. A model for bigenic transmission is suggested.
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PMID:Screening for total and partial eosinoperoxidase deficiency by flow cytometry: prevalence in a general population, pathology and genetic implications. 1099 77

The goal of our study was to perform a multisite evaluation of a new urine dipstick called Multistix PROtrade mark (Bayer, Elkhart, IN), which has reagent pads for the simultaneous assay of urinary albumin, protein, and creatinine. Patients' urine specimens were assayed at four sites with these dipsticks and with the familiar Bayer Multistix 10SG dipsticks for protein. The new dipstick pads for albumin are impregnated with bis (3',3"-diiodo-4',4"-dihydroxy-5',5"-dinitrophenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromo-sulfonephthalein (DIDNTB) dye. These dipsticks also have a novel pad that estimates urinary creatinine using the peroxidase activity of the copper-creatinine complex. We determined the interlaboratory agreement of these dipsticks by comparing dipstick results to values obtained by quantitative analytical methods. We found that dividing the dipsticks' albumin or protein results by the creatinine concentration reduced the number of false-positive albumin or protein values observed in concentrated urines, and reduced the number of false negatives in dilute urines. The ratio of albumin to creatinine, or protein to creatinine gives a better measure of albumin or protein excretion. Compared to reading by eye, the dipstick results agreed better with the quantitative assays when they were read by a reflectometer (Bayer Clinitek).
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PMID:Multisite evaluation of a new dipstick for albumin, protein, and creatinine. 1157 49


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