Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.11.1.7 (peroxidase)
 65,474 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and severe infections are associated with major derangements in the coagulation system. The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamic alterations in thrombin generation in abdominal sepsis. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57/Bl6 mice. Cecal ligation and puncture caused a systemic inflammatory response, with neutrophil recruitment and tissue damage in the lung as well as thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia. Thrombin generation, coagulation factors, lung histology, and myeloperoxidase activity was determined 1, 3, 6, and 24 h after induction of CLP. It was found that thrombin generation was increased 1 h after CLP and that thrombin generation started to decrease at 3 h and was markedly reduced 6 and 24 h after CLP induction. Platelet-poor plasma from healthy mice could completely reverse the inhibitory effect of CLP on thrombin generation, suggesting that sepsis caused a decrease in the levels of plasma factors regulating thrombin generation in septic animals. Indeed, it was found that CLP markedly decreased plasma levels of prothrombin, factor V, and factor X at 6 and 24 h. Moreover, we observed that CLP increased plasma levels of activated protein C at 6 h, which returned to baseline levels 24 h after CLP induction. Finally, pretreatment with imipenem/cilastatin attenuated the CLP-evoked decrease in thrombin generation and consumption of prothrombin 24 h after CLP induction. Our novel findings suggest that thrombin generation is initially increased and later decreased in abdominal sepsis. Sepsis-induced reduction in thrombin generation is correlated to changes in the plasma levels of coagulation factors and activated protein C. These findings help explain the dynamic changes in global hemostasis in abdominal sepsis.
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PMID:Dynamic changes in thrombin generation in abdominal sepsis in mice. 2497 91

Abdominal sepsis is associated with significant changes in systemic inflammation and coagulation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of peripheral blood monocytes for systemic coagulation, including thrombin generation and consumption of coagulation factors. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57BL/6 mice. Plasma and lung levels of IL-6 and C-X-C motif (CXC) chemokines [chemokine CXC ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL2, and CXCL5], pulmonary activity of myeloperoxidase, thrombin generation, and coagulation factors were determined 6 h after CLP induction. Administration of clodronate liposomes decreased circulating levels of monocytes by 96%. Time to peak thrombin formation was increased and peak and total thrombin generation was decreased in plasma from CLP animals. Monocyte depletion decreased time to peak formation of thrombin and increased peak and total generation of thrombin in septic animals. In addition, monocyte depletion decreased the CLP-induced increase in the levels of thrombin-antithrombin complexes in plasma. Depletion of monocytes increased plasma levels of prothrombin, factor V, factor X, and protein C in septic mice. Moreover, depletion of monocytes decreased CLP-induced levels of IL-6 and CXC chemokines in the plasma and lung by >59% and 20%, respectively. CLP-induced myeloperoxidase activity in the lung was attenuated by 44% in animals depleted of monocytes. Taken together, our findings show, for the first time, that peripheral blood monocytes regulate systemic coagulation. The results of our study improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of sepsis and encourage further attempts to target innate immune cell functions in abdominal sepsis.
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PMID:Monocytes regulate systemic coagulation and inflammation in abdominal sepsis. 2550 8

Sepsis causes severe derangements of the coagulation system. However, the signaling mechanisms regulating sepsis-induced thrombin generation remain elusive. Herein, we hypothesized that Rho-kinase might be an important regulator of thrombin generation in abdominal sepsis. Abdominal sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in C57Bl/6 mice. Thrombin generation, coagulation factors, lung histology and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were determined 6 h and 24 h after induction of CLP. Induction of CLP triggered a systemic inflammatory response characterized by neutrophil accumulation and tissue injury in the lung as well as thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia. Administration of Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, attenuated these markers of systemic inflammation in CLP animals. Moreover, peak thrombin formation was decreased by 77% and 81% in plasma from mice 6 h and 24 h after induction of CLP. Total thrombin generation was reduced by 64% and 67% 6 h and 24 h after CLP induction, respectively. Notably, administration of Y-27632 increased peak formation by 99% and total thrombin generation by 66% in plasma from septic animals. In addition, CLP markedly decreased plasma levels of prothrombin, factor V and factor X at 6 h and 24 h. Interestingly, Rho-kinase inhibition significantly enhanced levels of prothrombin, factor V and factor X in plasma from septic mice. In addition, inhibition of Rho-kinase decreased CLP-induced elevations of CXCL2 by 36% and interleukin-6 by 38%. These novel findings suggest that sepsis-induced thrombin generation is regulated by Rho-kinase. Moreover, inhibition of Rho-kinase reverses sepsis-evoked consumption of coagulation factors. Thus, our results show that targeting Rho-kinase signaling might protect against coagulation dysfunction in abdominal sepsis.
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PMID:Thrombin generation in abdominal sepsis is Rho-kinase-dependent. 2581 86