Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:1.11.1.7 (peroxidase)
65,474 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) react with proteins found in the granules of neutrophils and the peroxidase-positive lysosomes of monocytes, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteinase 3 (PR-3), and elastase. ANCA-associated diseases, such as Wegener's granulomatosis and polyarteritis nodosa, are characterized by necrotizing vascular inflammation. The inflammatory lesions typically contain both neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes, with the latter sometimes predominating, for example, in the granulomatous lesions of Wegener's granulomatosis. We investigated the presence of the ANCA target antigens PR3, MPO, and elastase in mononuclear phagocyte cytoplasm during the course of differentiation in vitro and in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. We observed that ANCA antigens were down-regulated during mononuclear phagocyte differentiation, with the loss corresponding to that of peroxidase-positive granules. This suggests that ANCA can directly interact only with monocytes and early exudative macrophages and not with mature macrophages.
...
PMID:Reactivity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies with mononuclear phagocytes. 131 Oct 14

ANCA positive sera, detected by the standard immunofluorescence method, derived from 37 patients with vasculitis were studied using formalin-acetone fixed chronic myelocytic leukemia cells (CML). All 37 sera were positive on CML cell smears. Furthermore formalin-actone fixation selectively impaired antinuclear antibody binding without reducing ANCA staining and thus facilitated differentiation of these autoantibodies which is often difficult with the standard immunofluorescence method. Two unequivocal and mutually exclusive ANCA binding patterns were identified using the CML smears: (1) type I with diffuse granular binding confined to the polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell lineage and preferentially staining immature cells; (2) type II with similar binding to the PMN cell lineage and, in addition, granular staining of the basophils. All type I antibodies were associated with a c-ANCA pattern suggesting that the major antigen recognized by these antibodies, recently identified as proteinase 3, is not detectable in basophils. The type II pattern was detected in both p-ANCA (84%) and c-ANCA (16%) positive sera. The type I sera remained positive on PMN cells from a myeloperoxidase (MPO) deficient subject and anti-MPO antibodies could not be detected in this group by ELISA. Conversely the type II pattern occurred in the presence of anti-MPO antibodies identified by immunofluorescence, ELISA and dot-blot with the exception of a single serum with antilactoferrin antibody. Type I binding only was observed in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) but both patterns were found in microscopic polyarteritis (MPA) and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN).
...
PMID:Determination of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) specificity by immunofluorescence on chronic myelocytic leukemia cells. 131 34

The antigen specificity of autoantibodies causing perinuclear staining of granulocytes and monocytes (pANCA) was evaluated by analyzing 3000 sera, which were sent to us for screening of anticytoplasmic antibodies (ACPA, synonym: cANCA, anti-proteinase 3). In 620 sera, perinuclear staining was found. Antigen specificity was investigated by a myeloperoxidase ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence with Hep2 cells specific for antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Only 9.8% of the 620 sera showed reactivity with myeloperoxidase (AMPO), while 85.6% contained ANA which induced a pANCA-like staining. A further 4.6% of the 620 sera were neither ANA nor AMPO positive. Therefore, pANCA in general is only an indication that one should look for AMPO or other antilysosomal autoantibodies, when ANA have been excluded. To investigate the disease specificity of AMPO, we examined sera from patients with several well-defined autoimmune diseases. There were only very few positive results in collagen vascular diseases (3/114) (positive/total), primary systemic vasculitis (1/116) and clinically and histologically proven Wegener's granulomatosis (2/213). On the other hand, AMPO were present in patients with different forms of glomerulonephritis (45/192), especially crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) (34/79) without immune deposits in their biopsy specimen (3/30 showed trace deposits of IgM). There were, however, additionally 11 patients with symptoms resembling WG (who were cANCA negative, w/o characteristic WG biopsy), who had no obvious renal symptoms. These findings indicate that AMPO are primarily associated with idiopathic GN, especially CGN. Together with anti-proteinase-3 antibodies and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies they are an essential serologic parameter in the diagnosis of unclear systemic diseases with renal involvement.
...
PMID:Immunodiagnostic aspects of autoantibodies against myeloperoxidase. 131 47

Antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) diseases-including Goodpasture's (GP) syndrome-and Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) are systemic diseases, which may be diagnosed by means of circulating autoantibodies. Possible overlap syndromes may exist; however, they remain imperfectly defined. We analyzed sera from 31 patients with WG and from 23 patients with anti-GBM disease. All underwent biopsy. Anti-cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); a perinuclear (P-ANCA) or diffuse-cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) staining was discerned. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies (P-ANCA) and protein 3 (SP3) antibodies (C-ANCA) were analyzed by specific ELISA systems. Anti-GBM antibodies (anti-NC1 antibodies) were detected by ELISA and immunoblotting; the globular domain NC1 of collagen IV was employed as antigen. All 31 WG patients, as defined by clinical and histological criteria, showed ANCA by IIF. Twenty-nine of 31 showed a C-ANCA pattern; all were also positive for SP3 antibodies by ELISA. Three of 31 WG patients were P-ANCA positive by IIF and also had anti-MPO antibodies by ELISA. In one of these patients, SP3 antibodies were additionally found by IIF and by ELISA (double positive). No patient with WG had anti-NC1 antibodies. All 23 serum samples from patients with GP syndrome (N = 19) or anti-GBM glomerulonephritis (N = 4) had anti-NC1 antibodies. In seven of these patients, low titers of anti-MPO antibodies were detected by ELISA; however, the IIF for ANCA was negative. None of these seven patients had extraglomerular vasculities. In addition, the clinical prognosis of these patients was similar to that of those patients who lacked these antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies and antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies in Goodpasture's syndrome and in Wegener's granulomatosis. 131 24

We conducted a prospective study of 651 Mediterranean patients from Catalonia (Spain) with well-defined forms of systemic vasculitis, connective tissue diseases, and renal and pulmonary disorders to determine the prevalence and clinical value of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) with myeloperoxidase (MPO) specificity (MPO-ANCA). ANCA were first tested by indirect immunofluorescence on ethanol-fixed neutrophils. When a positive result was obtained, then MPO-ANCA were identified by performing the immunofluorescence assay again on neutrophils from a voluntary donor known to have a complete and selective deficiency of MPO. This disorder was detected by automated flow cytochemistry with the Technicon system and was further verified by cytochemical and biochemical studies. We detected MPO-ANCA in 61 of 70 (87%) patients with a perinuclear pattern (p-ANCA), but in none of 25 with a cytoplasmic pattern (c-ANCA). These results were corroborated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using human purified MPO as a substrate. On immunofluorescence microscopy, all patients with MPO-ANCA were found to have a typical and restrictive immunostaining pattern. In our study, while c-ANCA were mainly found in patients with biopsy-proven Wegener's granulomatosis, MPO-ANCA identified those with idiopathic and polyarteritis nodosa-associated necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis. In addition, pulmonary hemorrhage with necrotizing alveolar capillaritis as the main morphologic substrate occurred frequently among patients with MPO-ANCA, including three affected by polyarteritis nodosa and three who had pulmonary hemorrhage as the only clinical finding. On the other hand, these antibodies could be also detected in 30% of patients with a proven diagnosis of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
...
PMID:Anti-myeloperoxidase autoantibodies in patients with necrotizing glomerular and alveolar capillaritis. 132 37

ANCA are markers for systemic vasculitis such as Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyarteritis (MPA) and are usually of the IgG isotype. However, IgM ANCA may rarely occur in isolation, and in these circumstances, we have found that they are associated clinically with a syndrome of pulmonary hemorrhage and systemic vasculitis. How frequently IgM ANCA may occur in conjunction with IgG has not previously been investigated. We report here a study of 24 consecutive patients with IgG ANCA-positive systemic vasculitis (14 WG, 10 MPA) in whom we determined whether IgM ANCA occurred in association with IgG ANCA, and if so, whether this had clinical importance. Eight patients were found to have IgM ANCA as well as IgG ANCA, and of these, seven presented with severe pulmonary hemorrhage. None of the IgM ANCA-negative patients presented with pulmonary hemorrhage. Although the occurrence of pulmonary hemorrhage in ANCA positive vasculitis was closely correlated with the presence of IgM ANCA, the antigen specificity of these IgM autoantibodies was variable, since both myeloperoxidase (4 patients), PR3 (3 patients), and an unknown ANCA antigen (1 patient) were found to be targets. We conclude that knowledge of ANCA isotype may have important clinical and therapeutic implications for the management of patients with systemic vasculitis.
...
PMID:Association of IgM with IgG ANCA in patients presenting with pulmonary hemorrhage. 135 55

Antibodies against cytoplasm of neutrophil leucocytes (ANCA) with a high sensitivity are found in idiopathic necrotizing vasculitis and idiopathic glomerulonephritis with formation of sickles (IGS). C-ANCA are directed against the myeloid lysosomal enzyme--proteinase 3 and are found above all in Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyarteritis. P-ANCA are directed mainly against myeloperoxidase, less against leucocytic elastase or lactoferrin and are found above all in microscopic polyarteritis, IGS, polyarteritis nodosa or Churg-Strauss syndrome. The elevated ANCA level correlates with the activity of the disease or precedes a relapse. These autoantibodies activate probably neutrophil leucocytes for respiratory exacerbation and degranulation which may lead to extensive tissue damage.
...
PMID:[Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies--ANCA]. 146 72

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been described as sensitive and specific markers for active Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). ANCA in WG produce a characteristic cytoplasmic staining pattern of neutrophils (c-ANCA) and are directed against proteinase 3 (Pr3), a serine protease from the azurophilic granules. c-ANCA, more or less equivalent to anti-Pr3, occur in more than 90% of patients with extended WG, in 75% of patients with limited WG without renal involvement, and in some 40% to 50% of patients with vasculitic overlap syndromes suggestive of WG such as microscopic polyarteritis. The presence of c-ANCA is highly specific for those diseases (greater than 98%). Changes of levels of c-ANCA precede disease activity and may be used as guidelines for treatment. Antibodies producing a perinuclear staining of ethanol-fixed neutrophils (p-ANCA) occur in a wide range of diseases. They are directed against different cytoplasmic constituents of neutrophils. Among those, antibodies to myeloperoxidase are found in patients with idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis, the Churg-Strauss syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa with visceral involvement, and vasculitic overlap syndromes. Their specificity for this group of necrotizing vasculitides is high (94% to 99%), although they may occur in patients with hydralazine-induced glomerulonephritis, anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, and possibly in some patients with idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus. Antibodies to leukocyte elastase are incidentally found in patients with vasculitic disorders, whereas lactoferrin antibodies are detected in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis with or without ulcerative colitis and in rheumatoid arthritis. Their diagnostic significance awaits further studies. p-ANCA of undefined specificity may distinguish ulcerative colitis (sensitivity of 75%) from Crohn's disease (sensitivity of 20%). p-ANCA also occur in autoimmune liver diseases: in 75% of patients with chronic active hepatitis, in 60% to 85% of those with primary sclerosing cholangitis, and in about 30% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Finally, p-ANCA are detected in chronic arthritides and in some 5% of healthy controls. Assessment of their diagnostic value has to await further characterization of the antigens involved, allowing the development of antigen-specific assays.
...
PMID:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: a still-growing class of autoantibodies in inflammatory disorders. 782 11

The occurrence of antibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic components in 39 children (23 boys, 16 girls, median age 2.0 years) with Kawasaki syndrome was studied. The conventional indirect immunofluorescence test (ANC-Ab) on alcohol-fixed neutrophils and two commercially available ELISA tests (ANCA-EIA and MPO-EIA) were employed to detect the antibodies. Fourteen (36%) of the 39 patients with Kawasaki disease had antibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic components in at least one of the three tests used. Eleven patients were identified using the indirect immunofluorescence test. Five patients were positive in the MPO-EIA test and two additional patients in the ANCA-EIA test. The IF staining pattern was cytoplasmic in eight patients and perinuclear in three. The cytoplasmic staining pattern in patients with acute Kawasaki disease is different from that seen in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. The occurrence of antibodies may assist in the diagnosis of some patients with Kawasaki disease, although neither the positivity itself nor the five different antibody profiles seem to have any other clinical relevance.
...
PMID:Antibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic components in Kawasaki disease. 156 19

Sera of 108 patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 13 control sera were screened for antibodies against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA) by an indirect immunofluorescence test. 37 out of 64 sera (58%) from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) produced a fine granular and perinuclear ANCA staining pattern (p-ANCA) clearly different from the typically diffuse and granular cytoplasmic ANCA fluorescence (c-ANCA) seen in active Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Only 1 of the 44 sera from patients with Crohn's disease and none of the control sera showed positive p-ANCA reactions. Only 1 of the 64 CU sera was positive for antinuclear antibodies, and another one showed a positive reaction in the anti-proteinase-3 ELISA which is specific for WG. Antibodies against myeloperoxidase were negative in the CU sera. 31 out of the 37 p-ANCA-positive sera (84%) were obtained from patients with high disease activity. p-ANCA titers became negative after long-term steroid therapy and after complete colectomy. These preliminary data suggest that ANCA screening may be of value in differentiating IBD and in monitoring disease activity and drug effects in UC patients.
...
PMID:[A new type of ANCA in sera of patients with ulcerative colitis: effects of therapy and disease severity on serum titer]. 156 54


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---