Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.10.3.2 (laccase)
 4,656 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The gene encoding laccase in the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, has been cloned and characterized. The predicted C. parasitica laccase amino acid sequence (591 aa) was 57% identical to the Neurospora crassa laccase sequence and contained four potential copper-binding regions that are conserved in a number of copper-binding proteins. Treatment of a virulent C. parasitica strain with 3 microM cycloheximide resulted in a marked increase in laccase mRNA accumulation, whereas identical treatment of an isogenic strain that contained a hypovirulence-associated virus failed to significantly increase laccase mRNA levels. In contrast, the accumulation of mRNAs encoding beta-tubulin, actin, or glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was not appreciably altered by either the presence of a hypovirulence-associated virus or treatment with cycloheximide. These results provide evidence that the expression of a specific fungal gene encoding a known protein product is selectively modulated by a hypovirulence-associated virus.
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PMID:Molecular analysis of the laccase gene from the chestnut blight fungus and selective suppression of its expression in an isogenic hypovirulent strain. 153 23

The effect of cucurbitacin and of Ecballium extract on the formation of mRNA coding for laccase was examined in cultures of Botrytis cinerea grown with inducers of laccase formation, in the presence or absence of the inhibitory compounds. RNA was isolated from the cultures and probed with specific DNA probes for laccase. As an internal control, the RNA was probed for Botrytis beta-tubulin mRNA. From an analysis of the results it is clear that cucurbitacin I and Ecballium extract specifically repress the amount of mRNA coding for laccase. This could account for the previously observed repression of laccase formation by cucurbitacins.
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PMID:Effect of cucurbitacins on mRNA coding for laccase in Botrytis cinerea. 868 71

Phialocephala fortinii s.1. and Acephala applanata are the dominant dark septate endophytes (DSE) in roots of many trees and shrubs. Population genetic analysis led to the discovery of morphologically indistinguishable but reproductively isolated cryptic species (CSP) within Phialocephala fortinii s.1. In the present study we show that sequence data of two coding (beta-tubulin and translation elongation factor [EF-lalpha]) and three noncoding DNA loci confirm subdivision of P. fortinii s.1. and allow to differentiate seven CSP of P. fortinii. In addition we show that strains collected throughout Europe can be classified correctly based on these sequence markers. Statistically significant differences in growth response on different media were observed among CSP of P. fortinii and A. applanata. Growth inhibition on MEA amended with 100 mgl(-1) cycloheximide had the strongest differential effect of all physiological traits examined. In contrast exoenzyme production (laccase, proteinase, pectinase, phenol-oxidase, amylase, cytochrome oxidase and tyrosinase) rarely helped to differentiate CSP of P. fortinii. However A. applanata was a strong producer of amylases, laccases and proteinases. Based on these data we propose to assign species rank to six CSP of P. fortinii: P. turiciensis, P. letzii, P. europaea, P. helvetica, P. uotolensis, P. subalpina spp. nov. and P. fortinii s.s.
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PMID:Assignment of species rank to six reproductively isolated cryptic species of the Phialocephala fortinii s.1.-Acephala applanata species complex. 1848 52

The expression of laccase and manganese peroxidase genes of a selected strain of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied in olive oil mill wastewater (OMW). The fungal strain decolourized 50% OMW in a linear way for 21 days and, at the same time, degraded the phenol compounds by 85%. Transcripts of laccase genes poxa1b, pox2, poxa3, and sspoxa3a, sspoxa3b coding for the small subunits of POXA3, were estimated by qRT-PCR, at different time intervals, together with beta-tubulin gene used as internal control, from fungal cultures grown in a chemically-defined complete medium (CM), a supplemented CM with the addition of Cu(+2) and Mn(+2) (CM-plus) and 50% OMW in distilled water. The most abundant transcripts in both OMW and CM-plus were those of the poxa3, whereas pox2 transcripts were induced only in OMW and those of poxa1b at a strict time-window (14 days) in both OMW and CM-plus. Interestingly enough, the transcripts of genes sspoxa3a and sspoxa3b were up-regulated between 14-21 days, at a time at which the large subunit of the enzyme coded by poxa3 was down-regulated. The manganese peroxidase gene mnp2 exhibited a strong and specific transcriptional induction in OMW after 12 and 14 days, followed by a drastic drop after 18 days and a complete cease of expression at day 21, whereas mnp3 transcripts were at maximum level in OMW at day 10 but where thereafter reduced.
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PMID:Differential gene expression of ligninolytic enzymes in Pleurotus ostreatus grown on olive oil mill wastewater. 2060 27