Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.10.3.2 (laccase)
 4,656 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight novel penicillins were synthesized by heteromolecular reaction of ampicillin or amoxicillin with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives using a laccase from Trametes spec. All products inhibited the growth of several gram positive bacterial strains in the agar diffusion assay, among them methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. The products protected mice against an infection with Staphylococcus aureus lethal to the untreated animals. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity of the new compounds were neglectable. The results show the usefulness of laccase for the synthesis of potential new antibiotics. The biological activity of the new compounds stimulates intensified pharmacological tests.
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PMID:Novel penicillins synthesized by biotransformation using laccase from Trametes spec. 1665 57

Sixteen novel cephalosporins were synthesized by amination of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives with the aminocephalosporins cefadroxil, cefalexin, cefaclor, and the structurally related carbacephem loracarbef using laccases from Trametes sp. or Myceliophthora thermophila. All products inhibited the growth of several Gram positive bacterial strains in the agar diffusion assay, among them methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The products protected mice against an infection with Staphylococcus aureus lethal to the control animals. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity of the new compounds were negligible. The results show the usefulness of laccase for the synthesis of potential new antibiotics. The biological activity of the new compounds stimulates intensified pharmacological tests.
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PMID:Novel cephalosporins synthesized by amination of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives using fungal laccases II. 1732 82

The laccases of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Myceliophthora thermophila are extracellular enzymes with high protein stability. They were used for the 'one pot' synthesis of azole derivatives from 1-aminobenzotriazole together with the p-dihydroxylated laccase substrates 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester. The reactions yielded heteromolecular dimers (in yields of up to 34%). Methanol was used as the co-solvent to determine the influence of solvent concentration on the course of reaction. The resulting products were isolated, structurally characterized and tested for their antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities. The products showed low antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity compared with commercial available standard compounds but these variables exceeded those of the initial reactants used for the synthesis. In addition to the synthesis of heteromolecular dimers, oligomers were formed and structurally characterized by LC/MS (liquid chromatography/MS).
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PMID:Derivatization of the azole 1-aminobenzotriazole using laccase of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Myceliophthora thermophila: influence of methanol on the reaction and biological evaluation of the derivatives. 2044 69

Excess "free" iron which occurs under certain physiological conditions participates in the formation of toxic reactive oxygen species via the "fenton" chemistry. The reactive oxygen species oxidize biomolecules and have been implicated in many oxidative stress-related diseases. However, the ideal therapy for treating iron overload problems in humans has not yet been developed. In this study, the phenolic molecules catechol, caffeic acid, and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid were successfully coupled to glucosamine as model substrate in a 1:1 ratio using laccase. Furthermore, coupling of these molecules onto chitosans of different sizes was demonstrated, resulting in decrease in -NH(2) groups as quantified via derivatization. A concomitant increase in iron-chelating capacity from below 3% to up to 70% upon phenolic functionalization was measured for the chitosans based on reduced ferrozine/Fe(2+) complex formation. Interesting these phenolic compounds seems to also participate as cross-linkers in producing characteristic microspheres. This work therefore opens-up new strategies aimed at developing a new generation of iron-chelating biomedical polymers.
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PMID:Enzymatic synthesis of catechol and hydroxyl-carboxic acid functionalized chitosan microspheres for iron overload therapy. 2157 20

The green and environmentally friendly synthesis of highly valuable organic substances is one possibility for the utilization of laccases (EC 1.10.3.2). As reactants for the herein described syntheses, different o-substituted arylamines or arylthiols and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and its derivatives were used. In this way, the formation of phenothiazines, phenoxazines, and phenazines was achieved in aqueous solution mediated by the laccase of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus in the presence of oxygen. Two types of phenothiazines (3-hydroxy- and 3-oxo-phenothiazines) formed in one reaction assay were described for the first time. The cyclization reactions yielded C-N, C-S, or C-O bonds. The syntheses were investigated with regard to the substitution pattern of the reaction partners. Differences in C-S and C-N bond formations without cyclization are discussed.
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PMID:Ring-Closure Mechanisms Mediated by Laccase to Synthesize Phenothiazines, Phenoxazines, and Phenazines. 3259 70

Trametes spec. laccase (EC 1.10.3.2.) mediates the oxidative coupling of 6-aminopenicillanic, 7-aminocephalosporanic, and 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives to form new penicillin and cephalosporin structures, respectively. The heteromolecular hybrid dimers are formed by nuclear amination of the p-hydroquinones with the primary amines and inhibited in vitro the growth of Staphylococcus species, including some multidrug-resistant strains.
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PMID:Laccase-catalyzed derivatization of 6-aminopenicillanic, 7-aminocephalosporanic and 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid. 3300 78