Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:1.10.3.2 (laccase)
4,656 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus sajor-caju were studied for their ability to produce laccase and carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) enzymes on different agricultural wastes under solid state fermentation. The spawns of P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju were inoculated on different agricultural wastes including viticulture wastes, wheat straw, paddy straw, sesame straw, sawdust as well as the mixtures of these wastes with wheat bran. The carbon and nitrogen contents of substrates containing bran were the highest. The laccase activities of P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju reached the highest values on the day 10 of mycelial growth. This enzyme activity was higher on the substrates containing bran which had high nitrogen and low C/N ratio than the other tested substrates with no bran. The CMCase activities of P. sajor-caju and P. ostreatus had two peaks on the 5th day of mycelial growth and after first flash. P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju grown on substrates containing wheat bran had higher biological efficiencies and total yields as well as higher CMCase and laccase activities.
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PMID:Yield performances and changes in enzyme activities of Pleurotus spp. (P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju) cultivated on different agricultural wastes. 2005 10

The effects of various synthetic medium components and their interactions with each other ultimately impact laccase production in fungi. This was studied using a laccase-hyper-producing marine-derived basidiomycete, Cerrena unicolor MTCC 5159. Inducible laccases were produced in the idiophase only after addition of an inducer such as CuSO(4). Concentration of carbon and nitrogen acted antagonistically with respect to laccase production. A combination of low nitrogen and high carbon concentration favored both biomass and laccase production. The most favorable combination resulted in 917 U L(-1) of laccase. After sufficient growth had occurred, addition of a surfactant such as Tween 80 positively impacted biomass and increased the laccase activity to around 1,300 U L(-1). Increasing the surface to volume ratio of the culture vessel further increased its activity to almost 2,000 U L(-1).
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PMID:Effects and interactions of medium components on laccase from a marine-derived fungus using response surface methodology. 2009 6

Degradation of organophosphorus compounds was achieved in the presence of purified fungal laccase from Trametes versicolor and a small molecular weight redox mediator (ABTS). This laccase-mediator system (LMS) catalyzed degradation of VX, PhX and VR while had no apparent effect on CVX, ecothiophate or demeton. Inhibition of ABTS oxidation was shown with VX, PhX, VR and CVX. Results with CVX suggest either no degradation subsequent to interaction with the laccase active site or the formation of a new toxic compound. PhX degradation was also monitored by mass spectroscopy, a method that allowed us to identify certain intermediates formed during OP degradation. Altogether, results underline the importance of the OP nitrogen atom at beta-position and of its substituents, even though the intimate mechanism of laccase-catalyzed degradation is not yet known.
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PMID:Application of laccase-mediator system (LMS) for the degradation of organophosphorus compounds. 2014 86

The effect of amino acids, complex nitrogen sources and vitamin addition on Trametes trogii, Trametes villosa and Coriolus versicolor var. antarcticus ligninolytic enzyme production, was evaluated. Dye decolorization by their culture filtrates was compared. Glutamic acid followed by peptone, were the best N sources for laccase and manganese peroxidase production. The three fungi produced two laccase isoenzymes (molecular weights from 38 up to 150 kDa); their pattern of production was not affected by medium composition. Although the response was not uniform, vitamin addition sometimes stimulated ligninolytic enzyme production, but never inhibited it. Thiamine induced manganese peroxidase production. T. trogii grown in glutamic acid produced culture filtrates with the highest laccase (188.3 U/ml) and manganese peroxidase activities (4.5 U/ml), rendering the best results in decolorization. These crude filtrates were able to decolorize in half hour (at pH 4.5, 30 degrees C): 13%, 23%, 40%, 46%, 82%, 94% and 95% of Gentian Violet, Xylidine, Congo Red, Malachite Green, Remazol Brilliant Blue R, Indigo Carmine and Anthraquinone Blue, respectively.
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PMID:Effect of nitrogen sources and vitamins on ligninolytic enzyme production by some white-rot fungi. Dye decolorization by selected culture filtrates. 2015 61

Studies were carried on the decolorization of the textile dye reactive blue 220 (RB220) by a novel isolate of Lentinus crinitus fungi. The optimal conditions for the production of destaining activity were obtained in media containing intermediate concentrations of ammonium oxalate and glucose (10 g L(-1)) as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively, at 28 degrees C and pH 5.5. Maximum decolorization efficiency against RB220 achieved in this study was around 95%. Ultra-violet and visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometric analyses, before and after decolorization, suggest that decolorization was due to biodegradation. This effect was associated with a putative low molecular weight laccase (41 kDa) displaying good tolerance to a wide range of pH values, salt concentrations and temperatures, suggesting a potential role for this organism in the remediation of real dye containing effluents.
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PMID:Decolorization and biodegradation of reactive blue 220 textile dye by Lentinus crinitus extracellular extract. 2045 21

A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of imidazole-2-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (H(2)ImTSC) on gold was formed and characterized by ATR-FTIR, Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The self-assembly of the ligand through its thioenolate group was confirmed by ToF-SIMS and the presence of XPS peaks at 161.9 (S(2p1/2)) and 163.1eV (S(2p3/2)). The two nitrogen donor atoms of self-assembled HImTSC were able to coordinate (kappa(2)-N,N) copper(II) when set to interact with a CuCl(2) solution upon a second deprotonation of the ligand. This way, two types of modified gold sheets for the immobilization of lipase and laccase were obtained: (a) SAM of the ligand on gold (Au-HImTSC), and (b) SAM of HImTSC with a second monolayer of copper(II) (Au-ImTSC-Cu(II)). The highest immobilization of enzyme was achieved for laccase on Au-ImTSC-Cu(II) according to XPS and enzymatic activity determinations. Copper(II) played a an important recognition role through coordination to the enzyme and/or electrostatic interactions. Nevertheless, the positively charged surface of Au-ImTSC-Cu(II) affected the activity of laccase.
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PMID:A copper(II) thiosemicarbazone complex built on gold for the immobilization of lipase and laccase. 2046 91

Statistically-based experimental designs were applied to optimize the fermentation for the production of laccase by Pleurotus florida NCIM 1243. Eleven components were screened for their significant effect on laccase production using Plackett-Burman factorial design. Glucose (carbon source), asparagine (nitrogen source), CuSO(4)(inducer) and incubation period were found to have highest positive influence on the laccase production. The combined effect of these factors on laccase production was studied using central composite design of Response surface methodology. The optimal point of variables for maximum laccase production using Response surface methodology are glucose (15.21 g/l), asparagine (6.40 g/l), CuSO(4) (91.78 microM) and incubation period (178.55 h), respectively. The maximum enzyme activity predicted by the model was 5.0 U/ml which was in perfect agreement with the actual experimental value (4.8 U/ml). Further, partially purified laccase from the optimized cultural condition was used for the decolorization of reactive dyes, Reactive Blue 198 and Reactive Red 35.
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PMID:Production of laccase from Pleurotus florida NCIM 1243 using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology. 2047 60

A long-term field experiment conducted in a Norway spruce forest at Solling, Central Germany, was used to verify and compare the response of lignin-decomposing fungal communities in soils receiving current and preindustrial atmospheric nitrogen (N) input for 14.5 years. Therefore, we investigated the decomposition of lignin compounds in relation to phenol oxidase activity and the diversity of basidiomycetes containing laccase genes in organic and mineral horizons. Lignin-derived CuO oxidation products and enzyme activity decreased with soil depth, while the degree of oxidative transformation of lignin increased. These patterns did not change with reduced atmospheric N input, likely reflecting a lasting saturation in available N. The laccase gene diversity decreased with soil depth in spring. In autumn, this pattern was only found in the control plot, receiving current N input. Principal component analysis confirmed the depth profile and distinguished a response of the fungal community to reduced N deposition for most organic layers in spring and a roof effect for the Oe layer in autumn. These responses of the fungal community did not translate into changes in enzyme activity and lignin content and decomposition, suggesting that transformation processes in soils are well buffered despite the rapid response of the microbial community to environmental factors.
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PMID:Response of recalcitrant soil substances to reduced N deposition in a spruce forest soil: integrating laccase-encoding genes and lignin decomposition. 2049 21

Enzymatic processes provide new perspectives for modification of lignocellulose materials. In the current study, laccase catalyzed coupling of long chain alkylamines to lignin model molecules and lignocellulose was investigated. Up to two molecules of dodecylamine (DA) and dihexylamine (DHA) were successfully coupled with lignin monomers (guaiacol, catechol and ferulic acid) while coupling onto complex lignin model compounds (syringylglycerol beta-guaiacyl ether, guaiacylglycerol beta-guaiacyl ether and dibenzodioxocin) yielded 1:1 coupling products. Surface analysis of beech veneers enzymatically grafted with DA showed an increase in nitrogen content of 3.18% compared to 0.71% in laccase only treated controls while the O/C ratio decreased from 0.52 to 0.46. Concomitantly the grafting of DHA or DA onto beech veneers resulted in a 53.8% and 84.2% increase in hydrophobicity, respectively when compared to simple adsorption. Therefore, laccase-mediated grafting of long chain alkylamines onto lignocellulose materials can be potentially exploited for improving their hydrophobicity.
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PMID:Reactivity of long chain alkylamines to lignin moieties: implications on hydrophobicity of lignocellulose materials. 2060 Mar 79

High residues of DDT in agricultural soils are of concern because they present serious threats to food security and human health. This article focuses on remediation of DDT-contaminated soil using laccase under different soil oxygen and soil pH conditions. The laboratory experiment results showed significant effects of soil oxygen conditions and soil pH on remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by laccase at the end of a 25-d incubation period. This study found the positive correlation between the concentration of oxygen in soil and the degradation of DDT by laccase. The residue of DDTs in soil under the atmosphere of oxygen decreased by 28.1% compared with the atmosphere of nitrogen at the end of the incubation with laccase. A similar pattern was observed in the remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by laccase under different flooding conditions, the higher the concentrations of oxygen in soil, the lower the residues of four DDT components and DDTs in soils. The residue of DDTs in the nonflooding soil declined by 16.7% compared to the flooded soil at the end of the incubation. The residues of DDTs in soils treated with laccase were lower in the pH range 2.5-4.5.
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PMID:Effects of soil oxygen conditions and soil pH on remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by laccase from white rot fungi. 2061 49


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