Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.1.1.41 (isocitrate dehydrogenase)
 3,101 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Male goats ("Criolla Argentina" breed), castrated at 45 days of age, showed altered lipid metabolism 180 days after castration as compared to control goats. Subcutaneous, perirenal and omental adipose tissues of castrated goats showed increases in fatty acid synthetase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase activities. Castration increased the amount of total lipids and triglycerides, but did not modify the amount of cholesterol, phospholipid and protein in the three types of adipose tissue. The incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into fatty acids of subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissue was increased in castrated goats in relation to noncastrated goats. Our results suggest that removal of gonadal steroids increases significantly the rate of lipogenesis in adipose tissue of male goats.
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PMID:Lipids and lipogenic enzymes in adipose tissue of castrated male goats. 261 68

Studies were conducted into 60 Friesian dairy cattle in the GDR for determination of dorsal fat thickness (DFT), activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) in adipose tissue, concentrations of fat and protein in adipose tissue, 2 weeks ante partum as well as 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 28, 36 weeks post partum, and liver fat levels, 2 and 4 weeks post partum. DFT, ICDH, GPDH, ICDH-GPDH ratio, fat level, fat-protein quotient, changes in DFT, GPDH, and fat-protein quotient exhibited significant relations with the weeks of lactation. The above 60 experimental cows were subdivided by 6 groups of half-siblings consisting of 10 animals each. Significant differences were found to exist between these groups of half-siblings with regard to DFT, GPDH, ICDH-GPDH ratio, and fat-protein quotient. Within each of the half-sibling groups, significant differences were found to exist between individuals for DFT, ICDH, GPDH, ICDH-GPDH ratio, and fat-protein quotient. The above parameters can be used to describe the energy metabolism of dairy cow via quantitative and temporal curves of fat mobilisation and fat deposition. In the context of both animal health and breeding, more attention should be given to determination of mobilisation and deposition of fat as well as to the post partum energy deficit.
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PMID:[Behavior of back fat thickness, the activity of NADP-dependent dehydrogenases from adipose tissue and adipose tissue constituents fat and protein and their evidence for energy metabolism in dairy cows]. 261 89

Short-term effects of estradiol on gluconeogenesis, redox state and on the activities of the enzymes involved in NADPH production have been examined. Hepatocytes incubated with estradiol (10(-4)M) showed a decreased gluconeogenesis and an increased lactate/pyruvate ratio. The malic enzyme was found to be stimulated by 45%, whereas glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities were not affected by the presence of the hormone. Estradiol produced selective inhibitions of glucose synthesis from various substrates and diminished malate dehydrogenase activity by 22%. The possibility that the estradiol-induced alterations here reported are related to the hormone catabolism itself in the liver is suggested. Other results in this work call attention to the importance of the vehicle used for the steroid dispersion. Propylene glycol markedly alters the metabolic state of liver cells and also antagonizes the modifications produced by estradiol.
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PMID:Metabolic changes due to the in vitro addition of estradiol in rat hepatocytes. 264 19

Juvenile white sturgeon were fed isonitrogenous diets containing 27.2% glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, dextrin, raw corn starch or cellulose for 8 wk. Growth, body composition, plasma chemistry (with the exception of glucose), and liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.49), malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH, 1.1.1.42) activities of sturgeon were significantly (P less than 0.05) affected by the different dietary carbohydrate sources. Sturgeon fed either the maltose or glucose diets had the highest percent energy retained, followed by those fed either the dextrin, raw corn starch or sucrose diets, whereas those fed either the lactose, fructose or cellulose diets had the lowest. Sturgeon fed either the maltose or glucose diets were hyperlipidemic, having twice the amount of plasma total lipid, triacylglycerol and total cholesterol as fish fed the other carbohydrate sources. These two carbohydrate sources were also more lipogenic: maltose- or glucose-fed sturgeon had significantly higher body lipid and liver G6PDH, malic enzyme, and ICDH activities. The poor ability of sturgeon to utilize either sucrose or lactose appears to be due to low intestinal sucrase (EC 3.2.1.48) and lactase (EC 3.2.1.108) activities. Intestinal aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.11), maltase (EC 3.2.1.20), sucrase and lactase activities of sturgeon were not affected by feeding different carbohydrate sources for 8 wk.
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PMID:Ability of juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to utilize different carbohydrate sources. 272 21

1. The activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, malic enzyme, NAD+ and NADP+ isocitrate isocitrate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase were assayed in homogenate of camel hump and sheep tail tissues. 2. In addition the levels of glucose, cholesterol, total protein and total lipids in these tissues were measured. 3. Results obtained were utilized to compare the state of metabolism of adipose tissue of camel hump to that of sheep tail, and to shed some light on possible contribution of these tissues toward blood glucose level.
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PMID:A comparative study of enzyme profile of camel (Camelus dromedarius) hump and sheep (Ovis aries) tail tissues. 280 43

The histochemical activities of nonspecific acid and alkaline phosphatases, NADH- and NADPH-tetrazolium reductases, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were investigated in kidneys from rats treated with lithium and lithium plus neuroleptics. During the first 8 weeks of lithium treatment the activity of NADH-tetrazolium reductase, succinate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity in the collecting ducts increased. The other enzymes did not change. After 8 weeks of treatment no further changes in enzyme activity occurred. Withdrawal of lithium caused normalization of enzyme activity after 8 weeks. A decrease in concentration ability was found in parallel with the increase in enzyme activities (p less than 0.001). The changes in enzyme activity were not significantly correlated to morphological changes in the collecting ducts. Treatment with neuroleptics alone caused no change in enzyme activity. During combined lithium plus neuroleptic treatment the enzyme activities changed in a similar way as during lithium therapy, but the changes were less pronounced. In parallel, a less pronounced decrease in concentration ability was found during this treatment.
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PMID:Correlation between distal nephron enzyme activity, structure and function in rats during lithium and lithium plus neuroleptic treatment. 285 95

The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on the activity of NADPH-producing enzymes and the development of enzyme-altered foci has been investigated in the liver of female Wistar rats subjected to an initiating treatment (a necrogenic dose of diethylnitrosamine) followed, 15 days later, by a selection treatment [a 15-day feeding of a diet containing 0.03% 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF), with a partial hepatectomy at the midpoint of this feeding]. At the end of the selection treatment all rat groups received, for 15 days, a basal diet containing, when indicated, 0.05% phenobarbital (PB) and/or 0.6% DHEA. The effect of DHEA on the activity of NADPH-producing enzymes was also studied in normal rats fed, for 15 days, a diet containing 0.6% DHEA and in their pair-fed controls. DHEA caused a 43-58% inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and, respectively, 338-420% and 21-24% increases in malic enzyme (ME) and isocitric dehydrogenase activities in all rat groups. This was coupled with a great fall in the production of ribulose-5-phosphate, while no change in NADP+/NADPH ratio occurred. Hepatocytes, isolated from DHEA-treated rats, exhibited a very low activity of hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS), which was not stimulated by methylene blue, an exogenous oxidizing agent that markedly stimulated HMS activity in control hepatocytes. DHEA caused a great fall in the percentage of liver occupied by gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT)-positive foci, in the rats subjected to the initiation-selection treatments. PB enhanced the development of these foci, an effect which was completely overcome by DHEA. In addition, focal cells no longer expressed a G6PD activity higher than that of surrounding liver in DHEA-treated rats, but exhibited a high histochemical reaction for ME. DHEA also caused a great fall in labelling index of GGT-positive foci. Starting at the end of 2-AAF feeding, a mixture of ribonucleosides (RNs) of adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil and of deoxyribonucleosides (DRNs) of adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine were injected i.p. every 8 h for 12 days to the rats subjected to the initiation-selection treatments plus PB. Rats were killed 3 days after the end of RN and DRN treatments. These treatments completely overcome the DHEA effect on the development of GGT-positive foci and DNA synthesis by the focal cells, without affecting G6PD activity of both whole liver and putative preneoplastic foci. Experiments with labeled nucleosides revealed that RNs and DRNs produced derivatives that were incorporated into liver DNA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Reversal by ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides of dehydroepiandrosterone-induced inhibition of enzyme altered foci in the liver of rats subjected to the initiation--selection process of experimental carcinogenesis. 289 55

Liver metabolites and in vitro enzyme activities were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats pair-fed the standard NIH diet with or without 0.6% (wt/wt) dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) for 16 d. Absorption of DHEA from the gut was confirmed by a 300-fold increase in urine 17-ketosteroids in DHEA-treated animals. Of the liver metabolites measured only 6-phosphogluconate was significantly changed, increasing by less than a factor of two in the DHEA-treated animals, 38.7 +/- 2.2 nmol/g, above the value in the pair-fed controls, 22.5 +/- 2.5 nmol/g. Contrary to the in vitro findings that DHEA inhibits glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), thus leading to the hypothesis that DHEA inhibits fat synthesis by diminishing the availability of NADPH, the [NADP+]/[NADPH] ratios calculated from the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44), isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.42) and malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40) redox couples were no more oxidized in the DHEA-treated animals than in the control animals. Malic enzyme and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities were 620 and 25% higher in DHEA-treated animals than in pair-fed controls. There was no change in the measured activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase or 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. These data give no support to the hypothesis that administration of DHEA per os results in decreased cytoplasmic NADPH in liver.
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PMID:The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on liver metabolites. 293

Enzyme electrophoretic variants were studied in 49 strains of Vibrio cholerae using zymovar analysis. The following seven enzymes were selected for use: alanine dehydrogenase (ADH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH). The results indicated the presence of three main groups defined chiefly by their GPI and 6PGDH variants. The first group, defined by possessing the variants GPI-2 and 6PGDH-3, contained all the 01 serovar and E1T or biovar isolates from cholera cases. The second group, defined by possessing the variants GPI-3 and 6PGDH-2, contained all the 01 serovar and classical biovar isolates; the third group was heterogeneous and included the 01 serovar isolates from environmental sources as well as isolates of other serovars (the so called NAGs, non-agglutinable with 01 antisera or NCVs). It is thus now possible to separate the epidemic strains of 01 serovar from other members of this serovar isolated from the environment. Zymovar analysis deals with differences which are a direct expression of the genome and seems to be unaffected by gross phenotypic changes such as smooth-rough variation and phage resistance. It is a promising tool for investigating bacteriological and epidemiological questions, in particular the significance of an environmental reservoir of cholera.
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PMID:Enzyme markers for Vibrio cholerae: identification of classical, El Tor and environmental strains. 293 9

The evaluation of the specific activity of some enzymes related to energy transduction was performed in 7 fresh samples of malignant gliomas and in 4 samples of normal brain tissue. Compared with normal brain tissue, the hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and citrate synthase activities are lower; the lactate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase are unchanged, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP+-isocitrate dehydrogenase activities are higher in gliomas.
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PMID:Enzymes related to energy metabolism in human gliomas. 294 16


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