Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:1.1.1.41 (isocitrate dehydrogenase)
 3,101 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDG), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDG) as well as acid phosphatase (AcPase) activities were assessed in the rat tracheal ciliated epithelial cells using cytophotometry, combined with ultrastructural AcPase demonstration within 1 to 5 hours after animal death. A moderate gradual reduction of LDG, G-6-PDG and AcPase, but not ICDG activities has been detected in the groups of initially unaffected and hypertensive rats. The activities of all dehydrogenases progressively decreased compared to the stable AcPase values in rats which died from acute renal failure. AcPase reaction products were found to be released from the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes into the adjacent cytoplasm and across the plasma membrane. Occasionally AcPase activity emerged in the cis- and intermediate lamellae of the Golgi apparatus. The perturbations in the membrane permeability evidenced by AcPase leakage can be considered as the most likely mechanism for the observed postmortem reduction of some enzymatic activities tested.
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PMID:[The dynamics of postmortem cellular changes. Ultrastructural-histochemical research]. 186 90

Activity of oxidation enzymes of the pentosephosphate way (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44), cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating oxaloacetate) (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.40) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.1.1.42) as well as the content of microsomal cytochromes b5 and P-450 in the rat liver have been studied 24 hours after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 intraperitoneal administrations of phenobarbital (4 mg per 100 g of the body weight). It is shown that the cytochrome P-450 content increases after a single administration of phenobarbital and then it gradually grows reaching its maximum after 4 administrations and falls after 5 administrations (though it remains high as compared to the control animals). The content of cytochrome b5 increases only after 4 administrations of phenobarbital and after 5th one it returns to the initial level. The content of microsomal gangliosides calculated per 1 mg of microsomal protein decreases after a single administration of phenobarbital and 5 days later it returns to the initial level. Activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increases after a single administration of phenobarbital, that of malate dehydrogenase--after 3 administrations, 6--phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase--after 4 administrations of the preparation. The 5 administrations of phenobarbital makes activity of all the mentioned dehydrogenases return to the initial level. Activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase under given conditions of the experiment does not change.
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PMID:[Activity of cytoplasmic NADP-dependent dehydrogenase in rat liver during induction of cytochrome P-450 by phenobarbital]. 188 64

The isolation and characterization of mutant alleles in a regulatory gene affecting NADP(+)-dependent enzymes are described. The locus, mex, is at position 26.5 +/- 0.74 on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. The newly isolated mutant allele, mex1, is recessive to either the mex allele found in Oregon-R wild-type individuals or that found in the cm v parental stock in which the new mutants were induced. The mex1 mutant allele is associated with statistically significant decreases in malic enzyme (ME) specific activity and ME specific immunologically cross-reacting material (ME-CRM) in newly emerged adult males. During this same developmental stage in males, the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase specific activity increases to statistically significant levels. Females of the mex1 mutant strain show statistically significant elevated levels of the pentose phosphate shunt enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Isoelectric focusing and thermolability comparisons of the active ME from mutant and control organisms indicate that the enzyme is the same. Developmental profiles of mex1 and control strains indicate that this mutant allele differentially modulates the levels of ME enzymatic activity and ME-CRM during development.
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PMID:The isolation and characterization of mutant alleles at a new X-linked locus, mex, affecting NADP(+)-dependent enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster. 190 31

Studies have been made on the activity of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, as well as on the intensity of in vitro oxidation of [U-14C]-glucose and [U-14C]-palmitate (together with in vivo lipid synthesis from these compounds) in porcine skeletal muscles during pre- and postnatal periods of life. It was shown that active utilization of glucose in oxidative metabolism and lipid synthesis is possible during the transition from prenatal to neonatal period. The increase in the rate of oxidation of fatty acids in skeletal muscles of piglets, in contrast to other animals, does not inhibit carbohydrate utilization.
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PMID:[Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in swine skeletal muscle in the pre- and neonatal periods]. 192 52

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) was applied to the numerical taxonomy of Candida species based on isoenzyme profiles. Multidimensional scaling uses proximity measures to generate a spatial configuration of points in multidimensional space where distances between points reflect similarity among types. The biochemical profiles of 35 types of Candida species based on 26 tests consisting of isoenzymes of alpha-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase were analyzed. Cluster analysis of MDS, using the Euclidean distance as a proximity measure, separated C. tropicalis and C. paratropicalis from C. albicans and C. stellatoidea. Stepwise multiple linear regression revealed the isoenzyme tests which influenced each of the MDS dimensions. MDS was able to reduce the dimensionality of the test profile.
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PMID:Application of multidimensional scaling in numerical taxonomy: analysis of isoenzyme types of Candida species. 202 78

Histochemical and histoenzymatic features of the adrenal medulla were studied 60 days after the end of an exposure to detergents. The findings obtained, point to an increase in the quantity of nucleic acids, and an intensified activity of nonspecific esterases as well as the cytochrome oxidase in rats maintained in a detergent manufacturing plant. The activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase was reduced in the control animals, as well as the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and isoenzyme "S" lactate dehydrogenase. The activity of isoenzyme "F" lactate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase is greater in the group which had been exposed to detergent influence. An active engagement of medullocytes is emphasized at this term of the experiment. The agent applied elicits a disturbance in the metabolism of glucose and a number of other substances. The author is of the opinion that an altered and stimulated synthesis and secretion of catecholamines takes place in the adrenal medullocytes under the experimental conditions which were investigated. The neuroendocrine system has been engaged in a series of processes which had been studied.
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PMID:[Histoenzymatic characteristics of the adrenal medulla 60 days after ending exposure to detergents]. 207 70

In Chaberia ovina species an electrophoretic study of 15 loci of the following enzymes has been conducted: glucose phosphate isomerase, mannose phosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, superoxide dismutase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, adenylate kinase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. The genetic variability has been relatively high, with 40% polymorphism values noted, an 0.10 mean heterozygosity observed and an 0.17 mean heterozygosity expected. The greater part of the allele frequencies were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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PMID:Electrophoretic analysis of gene-enzyme systems in Chabertia ovina. 233 99

The expression of selected X-linked and autosomal genes was examined in metafemales (3X:2A) compared to diploid sisters. Three enzyme activities (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, beta-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase) encoded by X-linked genes are not significantly different in the two classes of flies. In contrast, three autosomally encoded enzyme activities (alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase) are reduced in metafemales. Protein and DNA comparisons between metafemales and diploid sisters show a lowered level of total protein whereas the total DNA measurements are similar. Thus, the total cell number in metafemales is basically unchanged but gene expression is reduced. Phenotypic analysis of three autosomal loci, glass (gl), purple (pr) and pink-peach (pp), show that all three have lowered expression in metafemales while the X-linked loci, white-apricot (wa) and Bar (B), are dosage compensated. Quantitative dot blot analysis of messenger RNA levels of the second chromosomal locus, alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), and the X chromosomal locus, rudimentary (r), show that Adh has reduced expression and r is partially compensated per total RNA in metafemales. It is proposed that the increased dosage of the X chromosome inversely affects both the X and autosomal gene expression but the simultaneous increased dosage of the structural genes on the X results in dosage compensation. The reduced levels of expression of autosomal genes could contribute to the great inviability of metafemales.
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PMID:Gene expression in adult metafemales of Drosophila melanogaster. 250 26

We have previously reported that rats fed on the Steenbock and Black's rickets-inducing diet (deficient in vitamin D and with an altered Ca/P ratio) show metabolic modifications in kidney and intestinal mucosa. We have therefore decided to investigate if also in liver, seat of vitamin D hydroxylation, changes in the metabolic pattern occur. An increase of mitochondrial NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and a decrease of citrate and ATP content was demonstrated in liver of rachitic rats, together with changes in ATP-citrate lyase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. The inhibitory effect of ATP on liver mitochondria NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase was also studied.
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PMID:[Influence of a rachitogenic regime on hepatic metabolism in the rat]. 253 Oct 20

Estimates of the activities (Vmax) of four enzymes that generate the coenzyme NADPH, an absolute requirement for tissue fatty-acid synthesis, and of the concentration of NADP plus NADPH were made in lines of mice differing in fat content. These lines had been selected from the same base population for 20 generations, and 3 high, 3 low replicates and 1 unselected control were used. Analyses were performed on liver and gonadal fat pad (GFP) of males at 5 and 10 weeks of age. In both the liver and the GFP, measurable activities of the four enzymes: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and malic enzyme (ME) expressed per mg soluble protein were, with minor exceptions, higher in the Fat (F) than in the Lean (L) lines at both ages; the highest ratio being 2.2 for ME in the GFP. The relationships between these measurable activities (Vmax) and in vivo lipogenesis are not however known. When expressed per gram tissue, the ratios for F to L in the GFP were less than 1 in most cases, presumably because of the very different adipocyte numbers and/or sizes between the lines. There were no significant differences between the lines in the concentration of NADP plus NADPH per gram tissue in liver or GFP, suggesting that F lines converted NADP to NADPH faster than L lines. It is predicted that selection on the enzyme activities would be less efficient than direct selection at changing fat content.
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PMID:Analysis of lines of mice selected for fat content. 1. Correlated responses in the activities of NADPH-generating enzymes. 261 1


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