Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.1.1.28 (lactic acid dehydrogenase)
 476 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A quantitative evaluation of lectin binding to adult rat hepatocyte cell surfaces was done using cells isolated by two different collagenase perfusion methodologies and cultured as monolayers with two different tissue culture media formulations (protocol I vs. protocol II). The presence of alpha-D-mannosyl and alpha-D-glucosyl groups was detected by the binding of Concanavalin A (Con A), Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), and Pisum sativum agglutinin (PSA) to freshly isolated cells. Furthermore, beta-D-galactose [Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA)] and sialic acid residues [wheat germ (WGA)] were also found. Protocols I and II served as models for evaluation of: a) the stripping effect of collagenase separation procedures, b) the restoration in culture of collagenase-stripped sugar residues, c) the effect of the culture environment on cell viability [as measured by lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage] and the protein content of hepatocytes, and d) the presence of cell surface sugar residues as a function of culture duration. The ultrastructural morphology of freshly isolated and cultured hepatocytes was also evaluated. These studies indicated that a decline in lectin binding invariably occurred earlier than a massive leakage of LDH and a decrease in the protein content of the cells in culture. Ultrastructurally, autophagocytosis was an early phenomenon in cells isolated and cultured by protocol I, which was also inferior to protocol II regarding the preservation of hepatocyte glycocalyces. Sugar residues lost due to the collagenase-stripping effect were restored, as shown by lectin binding, within the first 24 h of culture. This stripping effect was confirmed by quantitative evaluations of lectin binding to hepatocytes in culture after an incubation with collagenase. This study shows that the binding of peroxidase-labeled lectins is a useful tool for quantitative evaluation of the sugar composition of hepatocyte cultures.
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PMID:A quantitative analysis of lectin binding to adult rat hepatocyte cell surfaces. 283 55

Tumour-cell heterogeneity has been studied in a continuous cell line, UCRU-BL-17CL, established from a xenografted human primary bladder carcinoma. The cell line, grown in vitro for more than 30 generations, reflects the pathology of both the xenograft from which it was derived and the original human tumour. It comprises mainly adenocarcinoma cells which secrete mucin in vitro, as well as squamous and transitional carcinoma cells. Features of both adenocarcinomatous and squamous differentiation have been observed within the same cell. The line expresses ABH blood group isoantigens, binds to peanut lectin and reacts with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against keratin and against normal and malignant epithelial cells. It also reacts with MAbs against ras p21 proteins and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It shows high levels of lactic acid dehydrogenase isozyme 5, consistent with a high-grade tumour, forms colonies in methylcellulose and is tumorigenic in nude mice. The karyotype (human) shows many marker chromosomes, consistent with expression of EGF receptors and ras p21 proteins, and an 11:13 translocation. DNA content, as studied by flow cytometry, reveals a shift from tetraploid to near triploid. This line may provide a useful model for studies of the histogenesis of bladder cancer and the relationship between transitional-cell carcinoma and the other histological subtypes of this disease.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a new human bladder cancer cell line showing features of squamous and glandular differentiation. 333 21