Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase)
 9,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Known physiologic mechanisms explain the elevated blood ADH levels observed in most patients with the syndrome of inappropriate ADH. Therefore the word "inappropriate" is a misnomer. It implies that the mechanisms that regulate ADH release are not functioning normally--which is not true. The term misleads the physician who, ideally, should determine why a patient has an excessive blood ADH level and initiate appropriate treatment. Patients with ectopic production of ADH and hyponatremia should be so labeled: "Hyponatremia due to ectopic ADH production." The term SIADH, if used at all, should be reserved for the rare patient with CNS injury or disease that causes increased ADH release and in which the hypothalamic center does not respond normally to afferent peripheral stimuli.
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PMID:Antidiuretic hormone excess. 10 2

Nocturnal enuresis is common. Although its aetiology remains unclear recent evidence increasingly supports the lack of a normal nocturnal increase in ADH leading to nocturnal polyuria exceeding functional bladder capacity. Sleep patterns are probably normal although an arousal disorder might be a factor. Treatment should follow careful evaluation to determine if one is dealing with 'uncomplicated' or 'complicated' enuresis. Complicated enuresis requires further investigation. 'Uncomplicated enuresis' always requires reassurance and patient and parent education. Resource centres such as ERIC can provide information and advice. Active treatment should be tailored to the patients age, motivation and parental wishes. Behavioural modification techniques yield the highest long-term cure rate but require the most commitment and are rarely successful before the age of 7-8 years. Pharmacotherapy has been revolutionized by DDAVP which gives a response rate of up to 70% relatively free from side-effects but at the price of a high relapse rate after medication. Imipramine is less expensive than DDAVP but may be fatal in overdose. Anticholinergics should be reserved for those patients with significant diurnal symptoms or those who fail first-line pharmacotherapy. Overall patients and parents should be reassured by the high spontaneous cure rate.
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PMID:Nocturnal enuresis. 778 50