Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase)
9,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At various ambient temperatures the effects of hypothalamus temperature and spinal cord temperature on urine formation and heat production were studied in conscious goats with chronically implanted thermodes. At neutral air temperature cooling hypothalamus or spinal cord induced a fall in urine volume and a rise in urine osmolality. This antidiuretic response was concurrent with a rise in heat production. Simultaneous occurrence of antidiuresis and increased heat production was also found after cessation of hypothalamic warming. At hot ambient temperature cooling hypothalamus affected neither urine formation nor heat production. Since hypothalamic cooling and spinal cord cooling produce identical effects on kidney function it is concluded that this response is linked to the complex cold defence activity as a whole. The predominent change of free water clearance is tentatively interpreted as caused by an increased ADH concentration in the blood during the cold defence activity.
...
PMID:Antidiuretic responses to thermal stimulation of hypothalamus and spinal cord in the conscious goat. 55 96

Thermoregulatory reactions evoked by selective preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (PO/AH) heating in conscious rabbits were associated with significant changes in renal function. Urine flow rate decreased from a control value of 0.92 +/- (S.E.) 0.08 to 0.47 +/- 0.07 ml/min after 10-20 min of heating, urine osmolality increased from 273 +/- 34 to 417 +/- 46 Osm/kg H2O, and free water clearance per 100 ml GFR decreased from 1.11 +/- 0.46 to -0.50 +/- 0.23 ml/min. These changes were followed by a gradual recovery despite continued heating. Clearances of exogenous creatinine and p-aminohippurate fell transiently during the first 10 min of heating and then returned to normal. Plasma antidiuretic activity (ADA) measured by rat bioassay increased regularly and markedly during PO/AH heating but was poorly correlated with changes in urine concentration. Moreover, a similar increase in plasma ADA observed with selective heating of a different brain area (supraoptic nucleus) never produced urine concentration or other renal changes. This suggests that a large and variable fraction of ADA appearing in rabbit blood in response to thermal stimuli was not identical with antidiuretic hormone. Therefore, the causal relationship of ADH release and antidiuresis associated with thermoregulatory reactions could not be clearly demonstrated. The physiological role of renal water conservation would be to compensate for extrarenal water loss related to thermal sweating or panting.
...
PMID:Renal function changes during preoptic-anterior hypothalamic heating in the rabbit. 56 82

We have studied the binding of two inhibitor molecules, imidazole and 1,10-phenanthroline, to liver alcohol dehydrogenase by crystallographic methods. X-ray data for the imidazole complex were collected to 0.29-nm resolution and for the 1,10-phenanthroline complex to 0.45-nm resolution. In both cases we found only one peak in the difference electron density maps close to the active zinc atom. The peak corresponding to 1,10-phenanthroline overlaps the site of the density of the zinc-bound water in the apoenzyme and the imidazole density partly overlaps this density. We can not discern any additional peaks close to the zinc atom which would correspond to new positions of bound water. We thus conclude that both these inhibitors bind to the catalytic zinc atom and that upon binding they displace the water molecule that is firmly bound to this zinc atom in the apoenzyme. We do not see any structural changes in the remaining part of the molecule.
...
PMID:X-ray investigation of the binding of 1,10-phenanthroline and imidazole to horse-liver alcohol dehydrogenase. 56 93

The temperature of the anterior and middle hypothalamus of conscious Pekin ducks was altered with chronically implanted thermodes. Both urine formation and salt secretion by the supraorbital glands were influenced by hypothalamic cooling. When osmotic diuresis was induced by continuous intravenous infusion of 1.2 ml . min-1 of 293 mosm . kg-1 mannitol in H2O solution, hypothalamic cooling increased urine flow rate at reduced urine osmolality and unchanged osmolal excretion rate. The degree of this cold induced diuresis increased with cooling intensity. Additional ADH administration by continuous infusion at a supramaximal dose abolished the diuretic effect of hypothalamic cooling. When water diuresis was induced by intragastric continuous infusion of 1.2 ml . min-1 of distilled water, hypothalamic cooling enhanced the diuresis, but hypothalamic warming had equivocal effects. The diuretic effects of hypothalamic cooling suggest an inhibition of endogeneous ADH release by lowering hypothalamic temperature. When the salt glands of salt adapted ducks were stimulated by continuous intravenous infusion of 0.2 ml . min-1 of 800 mosm . kg-1 NaCl in H2O solution, hypothalamic cooling reduced the salt gland secretion rate to an extent depending on cooling intensity. It is concluded that the activities of those integrative and/or efferent hypothalamic neurons, which mediate the hormonal control of renal water absorption and the nervous control of salt secretion by the supraorbital gland, depend on their own temperature.
...
PMID:Hypothalamic temperature and osmoregulation in the Pekin duck. 57 Oct 87

The water-diuretic features of 1,4-dimorpholino-7-phenylpyridol[3,4-d]-pyridazine (DS-511) and its water-soluble 4'-OH derivative [DS-511(4'-OH)] were investigated. In saline-infused rats the minimum i.v. diuretic dose of DS-511(4'-OH) was 1.0 micrograms/kg/min, while in water-diuretic rats the minimum dose was 50 micrograms/kg/min. Intravenous infusion of DS-511 or DS-511(4'-OH) at rates of 1 to 10 micrograms/kg/min caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the ADH-induced antidiuresis in water-diuretic rats, and a decrease in urinary osmolality. However, hydrochlorothiazide even at 500 micrograms/kg/min did not alter the antidiuresis, but increased the osmolality. Furosemide at a rate of 10 micrograms/kg/min increased urinary excretion of water and sodium in both saline-infused and water-diuretic rats, but the same dose did not inhibit the ADH-induced antidiuresis. These findings indicate that the specific anti-ADH action at relatively low doses of DS-511 and DS-511(4'-OH) is partly involved in the diuretic mechanism of these agents.
...
PMID:Inhibitory effect of 1,4-dimorpholino-7-phenylpyrido[3,4-d]-pyridazine (DS-511) and its 4'-hydroxy derivative on antidiuretic action of vasopressin in rats. 58 6

Post-traumatic diabetes insipidus was observed in 14 among 702 patients with severe trauma. The cause of the abnormal vasopressin secretion may be cerebral oedema, cerebral contusion near the hypothalamus, pull on the hypophyseal stalk by displacement or gross destruction of the brainstem. The hormonal hypofunction disappears once the cerebral damage has regressed. Treatment consists of exact balancing of water and electrolyte loss, using salt-free solutions. Drug treatment with vasopressin and with ADH-secretion stimulators has given unsatisfactory results, but should be used. Seven of the 14 patients died of their injuries. The symptoms of the diabetes insipidus syndrome regressed in the survivors.
...
PMID:[Post-traumatic diabetes insipidus syndrome (author's transl)]. 62 50

We have investigated the effect of indomethacin and DDAVP on water excretion in a patient with familial Bartter's syndrome in whom urinary concentration was impaired during ad libitum fluid intake without any decrease in maximal concentrating ability. In response to indomethacin urine osmolality and free water reabsorption increased, simultaneously with the decrease in the excretion of prostaglandin E2. The indomethacin induced improvement was however less than that obtained after DDAVP with or without indomethacin. The results can be interpreted on the basis of either a direct "vasopressin-like" action of indomethacin or abolishment of the peripheral vasopressin--prostaglandin interaction. The clinical implication is that the theoretical possibility of indomethacin-induced inappropriate ADH syndrome should be borne in mind when a patient is treated with this drug on a long term basis.
...
PMID:Pharmacologic studies in Bartter's syndrome: effect of DDAVP and indomethacin on renal concentrating operation. Part II. 63 67

We propose a novel enzymatic method for assay of uric acid at 340 nm, which eliminates several disadvantages of both the colorimetric and enzymatic methods now in common use. Here, uric acid is catalytically oxidized to allantoin and hydrogen peroxide. The peroxide is reacted with ethanol in the presence of catalase to form acetaldehyde and water, and the acetaldehyde is reduced by NADH in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase to ethanol. The decrease in absorbance at 340 nm caused by oxidation of NADH is directly proportional to the concentration of uric acid in the sample. Measurement of the change in absorbance between 20 and 200 s eliminates the need for a serum blank measurement. Absorbance and concentration are linearly related to 120 mg of uric acid per liter. The new method was compared with the uricase method in which decomposition of uric acid at 293 nm is directly measured. The results for the 47 patients' sera so examined can be expressed by the linear equation y340 = 1.0078x293 + 0.122 (r = 0.9984).
...
PMID:New ultraviolet (340 nm) method for assay of uric acid in serum or plasma. 63 59

The influence of the prevailing PaCO2 on the water-retaining effects of sustained elevations in ADH was assessed by administering vasopressin (5 U in oil, twice daily) and a fixed water intake to dogs with eucapnia (n, 7), chronic hypercapnia (n, 6), and chronic hypocapnia (n, 8). Although water excretion initially fell to a similar extent in all three groups, cumulative water retention by day 4 of vasopressin administration was 77 mg/kg in the hypocapnic group, 46 ml/kg in the eucapnic group, and only 14 ml/kg in the hypercapnic group. These differences were reflected in a marked disparity in the degree of hyposmolality of body fluids, plasma osmolality falling by day 4 to an average value of 223, 237, and 268 mosmol/kg in the hypocapnic, eucapnic, and hypercapnic animals, respectively. In a separate group of dogs, water deprivation and water loading studies revealed that sustained hypercapnia does not affect the maximal concentrating or diluting ability of the kidney. We conclude, therefore, that the striking influence of the prevailing PaCO2 on the water-retaining effects of administered vasopressin cannot be ascribed to an altered responsiveness of the nephron per se, but that this influence reflects an alteration in the ease with which the kidney can escape from the antidiuretic effects of this substance.
...
PMID:Influence of steady-state PaCO2 on escape from ADH-induced water retention in the dog. 64 65

Seven chronically prepared dogs (electromagnetic flow transducers around the pulmonary and left renal artery, left atrial catheter) maintained on a controlled sodium and water intake were studied. About 20 h after the last intake of food and water, the effects of i.v. methohexitone (initial dose: 6.10 +/- 0.84 mg/kg bw; sustaining infusion: 0.34 +/- 0.10 mg/min.kg bw) on renal excretion of sodium, potassium, urea and water as well as on several haemodynamic values were investigated over a period of 60 min (MP) after a control period (CP) of 60 min in the unanaesthetized state. In 18 of 19 experiments water diuresis (U/Posm less than 1) was observed between 20 and 40 min after starting the administration of methohexitone. Urine volume increased from 44 +/- 21 microliter/min.kg bw (CP) to 104 +/- 62 microliter/min.kg bw (MP).I.v. administration of arginine-vasopressin (ADH) completely abolished water diuresis. During MP, there was a decrease in cardiac output (-11%), stroke volume (-36%) and left atrial pressure (-27%), heart rate increased (+ 43%). Mean arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow did not change. It is assumed-as plasma osmolality did not change-that the central release of antidiuretic hormone is suppressed by methohexitone.
...
PMID:[Water diuresis during methohexitone anaesthesia. Studies in chronically instrumented dogs (author's transl)]. 65 67


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>

---