Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase)
 9,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tissue-specific genetic variation in expression of the alcohol dehydrogenase, encoded by the Adh-1 gene, is found between C57BL/6J (B6) mice and B6.S congenic mice. B6.S mice contain a variant Adh-1 allele derived from a wild Danish strain in a B6 genetic background. B6 mice have nearly twice the alcohol dehydrogenase activity in liver but less than half the activity in kidney as B6.S mice. These tissue-specific genetic changes in alcohol dehydrogenase expression are manifest at the level of Adh-1-encoded mRNA. The regulatory site(s) involved act cis in both kidney and liver. These strains also differ in the extent to which androgen induces mRNA encoded by kidney Adh-1, with androgen increasing these levels 17-fold and 7.4-fold in the B6 and B6.S kidney, respectively. To identify the regulatory mechanism(s) underlying this strain variation in Adh-1 transcription in the B6 and B6.S kidney, liver, and androgen-induced kidney. For both uninduced and induced kidney, a difference in the transcription rate alone accounts for the strain difference in mRNA concentration. In contrast, because the Adh-1 transcription rate in liver does not differ significantly between B6 and B6.S mice, strain-specific variation in posttranscriptional regulation must be operative. Taken together these results indicate that the variation in Adh-1 expression between B6 and B6.S mice results from changes in both transcriptional and posttranscriptional control, and these controls are differentially operative in kidney and liver.
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PMID:Tissue-specific genetic variation in the level of mouse alcohol dehydrogenase is controlled transcriptionally in kidney and posttranscriptionally in liver. 247 23

The rat prostate is dependent on androgen for normal growth and differentiation. In addition, the organ undergoes rapid cell death upon withdrawal of androgen on castration, and the atrophied tissue is capable of regrowth after androgen replacement in adult animals. In our search for novel factor(s) that participate in this androgen-induced proliferation of adult rat prostate cells, we have generated a complementary DNA (cDNA) library enriched in cDNAs transiently up-regulated after androgen stimulation in castrated rat ventral prostate using a PCR-based subtractive hybridization technique. Sequence analysis of about one hundred clones in the library showed that approximately 70% of them are identical or closely related to genes of known function, the remaining ones showing no or very low similarity to any genes characterized previously. Among the former a new member of the rat aldo-keto reductase superfamily that is closely related to aflatoxin, B1 aldehyde reductase has been identified. The newly identified protein (androgen-inducible aldehyde reductase, AIAR) and rat aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase (AFAR) exhibit 80% amino acid sequence homology. The enzymatic activity toward 4-nitrobenzaldehyde of recombinant AIAR expressed in Escherichia coli was about 16% of that of rat AFAR. Northern blot analysis revealed AIAR expression in various adult rat tissues in addition to the ventral and dorsolateral prostates, which differs from the highly restricted expression of AFAR in the kidney and liver. The AIAR messenger RNA (mRNA) content of the ventral prostate was low in normal and castrated rats, transiently increased after androgen administration to castrated rats, attaining a peak 12-24 h after the treatment. Although the physiological substrate(s) of AIAR has not been identified, the current results suggest that AIAR expression is associated with some growth-related processes in regrowing rat prostate.
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PMID:Androgen-regulated expression of a novel member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily in regrowing rat prostate. 1096 90