Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase)
 9,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alcohol is oxidized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and cytochrome P-4502E1 (CYP2E1), and then to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Polymorphisms of these ethanol-metabolizing enzymes may be associated with inter-individual difference in alcohol metabolism and susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease. We determined genotype and allele frequencies of ALDH2, CYP2E1, ADH2, and ADH3 in male Korean patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n=56), alcoholics without evidence of liver disease (n=52), and nondrinkers (n=64) by using PCR or PCR-directed mutagenesis followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The prevalences of heterozygous ALDH2*1/*2 plus homozygous ALDH2*2/*2 in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (7.1%) and alcoholics without evidence of liver disease (3.8%) were significantly lower than that in nondrinkers (45.3%). The c2 allele frequencies of the CYP2E1 in alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholics without evidence of liver disease, and nondrinkers were 0.21, 0.20, and 0.20, respectively. Allele frequencies of ADH2*2 in the three groups were 0.78, 0.74, and 0.77 and those of ADH3*1 were 0.94, 0.98, and 0.95. Therefore, we confirmed the observation that the ALDH2*2 gene protects against the development of alcoholism. However, the development of cirrhosis in Korean alcoholic patients was not associated with polymorphisms of ethanol-metabolizing enzymes.
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PMID:Association between polymorphisms of ethanol-metabolizing enzymes and susceptibility to alcoholic cirrhosis in a Korean male population. 1174 56

Individual differences in lung cancer susceptibility should be considered for effective lung cancer prevention. We investigated the CYP2E1, ADH3, and GSTP1 genetic polymorphisms that biotransform xenobiotic carcinogens, and variations of their enzyme activity in Caucasian lung tissues (N=28), and found a variant distribution in pulmonary ADH and CYP2E1 activity. The ADH3*1/*1 subjects (N=8) showed significantly higher ADH activity than ADH3*2/*2 (N=3) subjects (P<0.01). On the other hand, we found a 5-fold variation in the pulmonary CYP2E1 activity using a sensitive HLPC/EC based technique. A subject with the CYP2E1-c/t allele showed 2-fold higher CYP2E1 activity than subjects with the c/c allele (N=14). GSTP1 expression comprised 83% of the total pulmonary GSTs. However, neither the GSTP1 polymorphism, nor other lifestyle factors, such as age, gender, smoking status, were found to be associated with pulmonary GST expression. In conclusion, subjects with the ADH3*1 allele showed higher ADH activity and acetaldehyde-DNA adducts in lung than other subjects; thus, the ADH3*1 allele could be considered a risk factor for lung cancer.
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PMID:Effects of the ADH3, CYP2E1, and GSTP1 genetic polymorphisms on their expressions in Caucasian lung tissue. 1236 88


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