Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase)
 9,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study the GSTmu phenotype and ADH genotype at the ADH3 locus were investigated in a group of 39 alcoholic men with upper respiratory/digestive tract cancer: 21 with oropharyngeal cancer and 18 with laryngeal cancer. The results are compared with those of a control group of 37 alcoholic men without alcohol-related medical complications. Of the control subjects, 48% were found to be GSTmu deficient [GSTmu(-)] and 19% carried the ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 genotype. In the laryngeal cancer patients, a significantly elevated frequency of both the GSTmu(-) (78%) and ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 genotype (56%) was observed, relative to the control group. On the basis of this result, the risk of laryngeal cancer associated with the GSTmu(-) and ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 genotypic combination within the population of alcoholics was estimated to be 12.9 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.8-92 (P < 0.01) relative to alcoholic individuals who have GSTmu [GSTmu(+)] and are not ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1. Thus, alcoholics who are GSTmu(-) and ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 have at least an 80% greater risk of developing laryngeal cancer than alcoholics who are GSTmu(+) and who are not ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1. In addition, the oropharyngeal cancer patients had excess frequencies of both GSTmu(-) (62%) and ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 (43%) relative to the control group, but these excess frequencies were not statistically significant. The GSTmu(-) and ADH(3)1/ADH(3)1 genotypic combination may be a constitutional risk factor for laryngeal cancer among alcoholics.
 ...
PMID:Laryngeal and oropharyngeal cancer, and alcohol dehydrogenase 3 and glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphisms. 905 Sep 16

Alcohol is a recognized risk factor for upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) cancers, but the mechanism by which alcohol causes cancer remains obscure. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde (the suspected carcinogenic agent in alcohol) by alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and cytochrome P-4502E1 (CYP2E1), both of which exhibit great inter-individual variability in activity. The hypothesis that these polymorphisms influence susceptibility to alcohol-related cancers remains poorly documented. We investigated whether ADH(3) and CYP2E1 DraI and RsaI genotypes modified the risk of UAT cancers among 121 oral cavity/pharyngeal cancer patients, 129 laryngeal cancer patients, and 172 controls, all French Caucasians. Cancer risks and gene-alcohol interactions were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression, accounting for potential confounders. ADH(3) genotype was not associated with UAT cancer. In contrast, a 2-fold risk of oral cavity/pharyngeal (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-3.9) and laryngeal (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.5) cancers was observed for carriers of the CYP2E1 DraI C variant allele compared with other individuals. The risk associated with the CYP2E1 RsaI c2 variant allele also increased for oral cavity/pharyngeal cancer (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.0-6. 6). The effects of ADH(3) or CYP2E1 genotype and alcohol or tobacco were independent. The highest risk of oral cavity/pharyngeal cancer was observed among the heaviest drinkers (>80 g/day) with the CYP2E1 DraI C allele (OR = 5.8, 95% CI 1.9-18.2) or the CYP2E1 RsaI c2 allele (OR = 7.2, 95% CI 1.4-38.2) compared with lighter drinkers with other genotypes. Our study suggests that CYP2E1 genotype modifies the risk of UAT cancers, but due to the low frequency of CYP2E1 variant alleles, large-scale studies are needed to confirm our findings.
 ...
PMID:Role of alcohol dehydrogenase 3 and cytochrome P-4502E1 genotypes in susceptibility to cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. 1092 69

Oral and laryngeal cancer has a high incidence in the Basque Country (Spain), the main risk factors in this pathology being regular consumption of tobacco and alcohol. However, since not all the individuals exposed to these risk factors develop cancer, the individual genetic susceptibility should be investigated in this population. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B polymorphism (Arg48His; rs1229984) in our region and analyze its association with the risk of oral and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Samples from 87 patients with oral or laryngeal cancer and 242 healthy controls were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the combined Arg/His and His/His genotypes were associated with a reduced risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (odds ratio: 0.203; 95% confidence interval: 0.052-0.796). In conclusion, the histidine allele was associated with a reduced risk of oral and laryngeal cancer in the Basque Country.
 ...
PMID:Alcohol-dehydrogenase (ADH1B) Arg48His polymorphism in Basque Country patients with oral and laryngeal cancer: preliminary study. 2137 55

In this study, we assessed the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes and the prognosis of laryngeal cancer (LC) patients. Thirty-seven SNPs in 26 genes were genotyped in 170 male Han Chinese patients with LC. The effects of the candidate genes on the prognosis of LC patients were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models. The GA genotype of rs1229984 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.537; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.340-0.848; p = 0.008) in alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (ADH1B), and the AA genotype of rs9929218 (HR, 6.074; 95% CI, 1.426-25.870; p = 0.015) in CDH1 were associated with overall survival. Our data suggest that polymorphisms in ADH1B and CDH1 may be prognostic indicators in LC.
 ...
PMID:ADH1B and CDH1 polymorphisms predict prognosis in male patients with non-metastatic laryngeal cancer. 2768 23