Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: DrugBank:BIOD00035 (CSF)
 30,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebral hemispheric blood flow and metabolism were measured before and after therapy with intracarotid infusion of combined PBZ and PPL in 15 patients with recent cerebral infarction. HBF was unaltered despite decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure. Cerebral hemispheric oxygen comsumption and carbon dioxide production decreased while cerebral hemispheric lactate production increased. Biphasic cerebral uptake of tyrosine was observed during and immediately after PBZ and PPL infusion. CSF HVA increased, indicating altered DA turnover. CSF 5HIAA levels also increased, suggesting altered 5HT turnover after PBZ and PPL. Release of cyclic AMP from ischemic brain into cerebral venous blood seen in the steady state was abolished after therapy. Cerebral hemodynamic studies suggest a functional balance between monaminergic neurogenic influences in the control of cerebral circulation. Imbalance of such controlling factors in ischemic brain may lead to paradoxical vascular responses to induced hypertension and hypotension. PBZ and PPL enhance such responses perhaps by increasing central neurotransmitter turnover and release. Further shift toward cerebral anaerobic metabolism may occur in ischemic brain following the use of phenoxybenzamine and propranolol. Worsening of neurological deficit occurred in four cases. Combined therapy with PBZ and PPL does not appear beneficial in the therapy of patients with recent stroke.
 ...
PMID:Influence of adrenergic receptor blockade on circulatory and metabolic effects of disordered neurotransmitter function in stroke patients. 0 7

Psychotic women with schizophrenic symptoms were treated with melperone 100 mg X 3 (n = 29) or thiothixene 10 mg X 3 (N = 34) USING A DOUBLE-BLIND PROCEDURE. Before and during treatment, levels of HVA, MOPEG, and 5-HIAA, the major metabolites of DA, NE, and 5-HT, were determined in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid by a mass fragmentographic technique. Both treatments resulted in an elevation of the HVA levels after 2 weeks, thiothixene having a more marked effect. The effect of thiothixene but not of melperone persisted after 4 weeks. Thiothixene did not influence the MOPEG level, but melperone reduced it after 4 weeks of treatment. The 5-HIAA levels were not significantly altered by the drugs. The HVA/MOPEG and the HVA/5-HIAA ratios were highly significantly elevated by both drugs after 2 as well as 4 weeks. Thiothixene induced a significantly greater change of these ratios than melperone. The results supply evidence that thiothixene accelerates central dopamine metabolism in man, presumably by blocking DA receptors. Melperone appears to act similarly, but has an effect which is weaker and/or of shorter duration. During long-term treatment with melperone the receptors develop tolerance to it. The acceleration in DA metabolism declines and the effect of melperone switches instead to central NA metabolism. The results indicate that both drugs cause long-term changes in the activity ratios of central monoamine systems. It is suggested that such changes in several systems rather than single biochemical events may be related to the antipsychotic effects of neuroleptic drugs. This study also demonstrated the versatility of using monoamine metabolite analysis of the CSF as a tool for the quantification of biochemical effects of neuroleptic drugs on the human CNS.
 ...
PMID:Monoamine metabolite levels in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic women treated with melperone or thiothixene. 2 44

CSF values of dopamine and serotonine metabolites (homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid) have been studied in 4 patients suffering from late dyskinesia due to neuroleptics. Trazodone (which acts on all monoaminergic systems, namely noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotoninergic) induced a marked clinical improvement associated with CSF HVA increase and 5-HIAA decrease. The Authors suggest that involuntary movements could be due to an impairment of 5-HT e DA link.
 ...
PMID:[Late chronic dyskinesia from neuroleptic drugs (CSF and pharmacological data) (author's transl)]. 3 40

Lumbar CSF HVA, MHPG, 5HIAA, cAMP, and cGMP were measured in 12 chronic schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia before and 3 weeks after sodium valproate (VPA) or cyproheptadine treatment. HVA levels significantly decreased and cAMP and cGMP levels significantly increased during the administration of VPA or cyproheptadine. There were no significant correlations between the degree of improvement in tardive dyskinesia and the changes of amine metabolities or cyclic nucleotides. None of the pretreatment values for CSF amine metabolites or cyclic nucleotides were different from those of 15 chronic schizophrenics without tardive dyskinesia as controls. Decrease of HVA and increase of cGMP during the treatment might indicate the normalization of dopaminergic-cholinergic imbalance in the brain. Furthermore, significantly low levels of 5HIAA were observed in the patients with drug-induced tremor. It is suggested that neuroleptic-induced tremor may be attributed to serotonergic dysfunction in the brain.
 ...
PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites and cyclic nucleotides in chronic schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia or drug-induced tremor. 3 67

The effect of ECT on concentrations of monoamine metabolites in lumbar CSF of psychotic women with a schizophrenic symptomatology was examined. After a series of ECT there was a significant reduction of the concentration of the major noradrenaline metabolite, MOPEG. Levels of HVA, 5-HIAA, prolactin, or total protein in CSF were not significantly influenced by treatment. The results indicate a specific alteration of central noradrenaline metabolism in relation to ECT.
 ...
PMID:Reduction of MOPEG levels in cerebrospinal fluid of psychotic women after electroconvulsive treatment. 11 32

Although CSF HVA is derived from brain DA metabolism the value of its determination as an index of brain DA turnover and dopaminergic activity is limited, as other factors can affect CSF concentrations. These include the partitioning of HVA between different routes of elimination from the brain, the rates of transport from CSF to blood and from the lateral ventricle to the lumbar sac, CSF space volumes, and methodologic problems. The uses and limitations of CSF HVA determination is illustrated by findings in Parkinson's disease, Huntington's chorea, motor neuron disease, disseminated sclerosis, and hepatic coma. Finally, preliminary results on the effect on CSF HVA of the DA agonist CB 154 are described.
 ...
PMID:CSF homovanillic acid: an index of dopaminergic activity. 12 31

Two patients with Huntington's chorea are reported whose psychiatric and neurological symptoms greatly improved after treatment with L-dopa. In both cases the basal values of CSF HVA were markedly decreased, being increased by the treatment with L-dopa.
 ...
PMID:Levodopa and Huntington's chorea. 13 1

CSF metabolites of dopamine (HVA), norepinephrine (MHPG) and serotonine (5HIAA) in 9 patients affected by Huntington's Chorea before and after therapy with phenotiazine derivatives (Fluphenazine) have been studied. A close relationship seems to exist between therapeutical results and CSF HVA modifications: improvement of choreatic movements is associated with marked increase in CSF HVA values. Biochemical bases of Huntington's Chorea are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Cerebrospinal fluid metabolism of biogenic amines in Huntington chorea]. 13 20

Huntington's chorea is a dominantly inherited disorder that usually leads to involuntary movements in the third or fourth decade. On gross pathological examination of the post-mortem brain there is a marked atrophy of the caudate nucleus and putamen. Histological examination reveals cell loss in most regions of the brain, although the hippocampus is usually remarkably free of any abnormalities. Studies to detect a biochemical defect in patients with chorea have been largely unrewarding. Since chorea appears to be the clinical counterpart of Parkinson's disease a number of investigations on dopamine metabolism have been carried out by measuring dopamine in the post-mortem choreic brain, and HVA, a metabolite of dopamine, in the CSF of patients. Most studies have found the dopamine concentrations to be normal or sometimes decreased and the activity of the biosynthetic enzyme for dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase, is normal. The discovery that the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA, and the biosynthetic enzyme GAD are greatly decreased in the post-mortem choreic brain provides some rational explanation for the uncontrolled movements in this disorder. The other significant abnormality found in many, but not all, choreic post-mortem brains has been a decrease in the biosynthetic enzyme for acetylcholine, choline acetyl transferase. The evidence that GABA receptors are intact in choreic brain provides an added stimulus for the development of useful GABA-mimetic drugs. For the ultimate eradication of this distressing disorder, however, a search must continue for the primary defect in order that this can be detected before the onset of symptoms, or hopefully in amniotic fluid.
 ...
PMID:Neurochemical findings in Huntington's chorea. 15 97

Concentration of dopamine and serotonin metabolites (HVA and 5-HIAA) in the CSF was evaluated before and after pharmacological treatment in 19 patients with different neuropsychiatric diseases. In every case a reciprocal modification of the two metabolites occurred after treatment. The result supports the hypothesis of a functional balance between the monoaminergic systems in the central nervous system.
 ...
PMID:Interactions between central monoaminergic systems: dopamine-serotonin. 16 Apr 45


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>