Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: DrugBank:BIOD00035 (CSF)
 30,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. This patient, a 50-year-old male, had been eating uncooked slugs for 40 years. His chief complaints on admission were headache, fever and general fatigue. Neurological examination and CT findings were normal, but the CSF contained increased cells, most of which were eosinophilic cells. The presence of eosinophilic cells in the CSF is by itself abnormal. We therefore suspected eosinophilic meningitis and performed immunological tests. Since the gelatin particle method and immunological antigen antibody reaction were positive. We diagnosed the patient as having eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis. There are only 27 reported cases of this disease in Japan, and most of them have been reported in Okinawa-Prefecture.
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PMID:[A case of eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis]. 143 77

We have reported two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease. Case 1: a 45-year-old woman noticed a diffuse goiter, palpitation and emaciation in 1977. Laboratory studies confirmed that she had Graves' disease, and she was treated with antithyroid drug. In 1986, when the hyperthyroidism was subsided, she showed progressive symmetrical weakness and numbness in her limbs, and she was almost in tetraplegia at 1987. Markedly slowed motor and sensory nerve conductions and elevated CSF proteins as well as clinical manifestations confirmed the diagnosis of CIDP. Following corticosteroid-pulse therapy and plasmapheresis resulted in good recovery in both motor and sensory impairment, though two-times of relapses were observed. Case 2: a 33-year-old man first noticed weakness in his legs in 1977, motor and sensory disturbances progressed for 12 years. Slowed nerve conduction, high CSF proteins and two-times of relapses in early phase indicated that the CIDP was the diagnosis. In 1989 he complained general fatigue, hyperhidrosis and body-weight loss. The serum thyroid hormone levels were high, and other laboratory studies confirmed the presence of Graves' disease. The cases with both CIDP and Graves' disease has rarely been reported. The background mechanism of this association is not well understood, but the susceptibility to CIDP and Graves' disease may be related to the HLA antigens and immunoglobulin Gm allotypes of which are the genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex and controlling immune responses. The present two cases commonly shared several HLA-DR antigens, but their significance should be confirmed by examining many cases.
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PMID:[Two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease]. 178 65

This is a report on an eight-year-old girl who presented with facial palsy, headache, fatigue, arthralgias and myalgias six weeks after two tick bites. Physical examination was unremarkable with the exception of a left-sided facial palsy. Laboratory investigation revealed normal complete blood count, ESR and CRP. The spinal tap showed a protein of 63 mg/dl, glucose 45 mg/dl and no cells. IFT titres to Borrelia burgdorferi in serum and CSF were significantly elevated. The diagnosis was supported by Western blot analysis. Treatment was started with ceftriaxone i.v. for a total of 14 days. Under this therapeutic regimen the patient improved substantially within five days. Investigation of CSF in patients with facial palsy may help to establish the diagnosis of Lyme disease by simultaneously measuring IFT to B. burgdorferi in serum and spinal fluid, even in cases where CSF shows little or no signs of inflammation.
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PMID:Facial palsy with elevated protein in otherwise normal CSF in a child with Lyme disease. 191 37

We report two cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis in immunologically normal adults. Patient 1, a 53-year-old man: onset was acute with headache and pyrexia, followed by moderate disturbance of consciousness with meningeal signs. Repeated lumbar puncture revealed 58 CSF cells per microliters and 96 mg protein per dl. On the 11th day after onset, we started treatment with adenine arabinoside (ara-A). He recovered completely. With IgG-ELISA methods, antibody to CMV turned into positive on the third week, and into negative again on the fifth week, and these conversions were concomitant with the symptomatic aggravation and amelioration, respectively. Patient 2, a 78-year-old woman: onset was acute with general fatigue and pyrexia, followed by meningeal signs and mild disturbance of consciousness. Consciousness level was worsened and two courses of acyclovir (Acv) treatment were started on the 59th and on the 93rd day after onset, but consciousness level went down to coma and she died. Repeated lumbar puncture revealed 787 CSF cells per microliters and 229 mg protein per dl. CMV antibody titer (CF) in CSF was 1:32 and antibody index was 58 or more, suggesting antibody production in central nervous system. CMV encephalitis in immunologically normal adults is very rare, only 10 cases having been reported so far. Most patients recover spontaneously, but some may be fatal. In our view ara-A treatment should be taken in consideration in case of acute encephalitis unresponsive to Acv.
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PMID:[Cytomegalovirus encephalitis in immunologically normal adults]. 216 21

As part of a multicenter trial 12 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were treated with 14-day-cycles of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF; 250 micrograms/m2 day s.c.). In addition, all patients received 20 mg/m2/day s.c. cytosine-arabinoside (Ara-C) 12 h after GM-CSF except for patients suffering from refractory anemia (RA) according to FAB classification. Courses were repeated after 4 weeks. In 11 evaluable patients, results according to FAB-classified MDS were as follows: RA, 1/2 response (R), 1/2 stable disease (SD); RAEB, 2/3 R, 1/3 SD; RAEB-T, 1/6 CR, 1/6 PR, 2/6 R, 2/6 progression; CMML, 1/2 SD. In 2 patients with RAEB-T, overt acute myeloid leukemia was observed 2 and 10 weeks after initiation of treatment. With few exceptions, treatment resulted in a prompt increase in granulocytes and eosinophiles. This was associated with improvement of infectious complications. Increases in red cells and platelets occurred variably and was apparently associated with responses of the underlying disease. Dose limiting side effects consisted of fever, severe fatigue and dolent local reactions at the site of GM-CSF injection. In addition, nausea and diarrhoea occurred frequently. Less often, respiratory and cardiovascular side effects were encountered. In summary, GM-CSF +/- Ara-C in MDS results in objective remission with manageable toxicity. Conceivably, this regimen will serve as a base for future treatment strategies against MDS.
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PMID:Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and low-dose cytosine-arabinoside in the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. A phase II study. 218 22

A case of subacute demyelinating disease showing large honeycomb-like and lamellar lesions in bilateral cerebral white matter on MRI was reported. A 22 year-old woman felt general fatigue on sept. 30, 1988, and developed complete quadriplegia and mutism in about 10 days. She recovered shortly after high-dose corticosteroid therapy. She had neither fever nor meningeal irritation. There were no inflammatory changes in examinations of blood and CSF. On MRI, high and low signal areas of irregular shape in the cerebral white matter and brainstem, were observed on T2 and T1 weighted images, respectively, suggesting that the lesions are of demyelinating nature. These lesions appeared lamellar or honeycomb-like structures on T1 and T2 weighted image. This patient was diagnosed as having a subacute type of demyelinating disease similar to Balo's disease (concentric sclerosis).
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PMID:[A case of demyelinating disease showing a peculiar honeycomb-like and lamellar structure on magnetic resonance imaging]. 238 9

Among 49 consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease, 40% were depressed according to DSM-III; they had major depression or dysthymic disorder accompanied by sleep disturbance, fatigue, psychomotor retardation, loss of self-esteem, and excessive guilt. During a 10-day dopamine-free period, lumbar puncture was performed to measure the metabolites of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Patients were given an overnight dexamethasone suppression test, and the effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and L-dopa on plasma growth hormone and prolactin were examined. Level of CSF 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was lowest in parkinsonian patients with major depression and was related to psychomotor retardation and loss of self-esteem.
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PMID:Clinical and biochemical features of depression in Parkinson's disease. 242 23

The genes for a number of growth factors that stimulate human hematopoietic and lymphoid cells in vitro have recently been cloned and recombinant molecules provided for clinical trials. For three of these (erythropoietin, G-CSF, and GM-CSF), phase I and II studies have been completed and promising results have been obtained. Of particular relevance to the field of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has been the finding that G-CSF and GM-CSF could shorten the period of neutropenia in patients treated with chemotherapy, including regimens requiring BMT support. Doses of up to 240 micrograms/m2 of GM-CSF have been well tolerated and have increased the peripheral blood neutrophil count in a dose-dependent manner. At higher doses, eosinophils and monocytes were also increased. A continuous infusion over at least 2 h was found to be superior to bolus administration in terms of both efficacy and reduced side effects. These have usually been mild, but bone pain, headache, fatigue and elevated temperature have been encountered. The rise in neutrophil numbers shortly after initiating treatment with GM-CSF is probably due to neutrophil demargination. After a few days increased bone marrow cellularity has also been noted. In addition to these effects on cell numbers, enhancement of granulocyte and monocyte functions has been documented. However, a major concern with the use of G-CSF and GM-CSF in cancer patients, particularly those with hematopoietic malignancies, is the potential of these molecules to stimulate malignant cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Colony stimulating factors. 245 88

Fifteen patients with refractory aplastic anemia or agranulocytosis received treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) in doses from 4 to 64 micrograms/kg/d by continuous intravenous (IV) infusion. Ten of 11 evaluable patients with aplastic anemia had substantial increments in granulocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils associated with myeloid and eosinophilic hyperplasia in the bone marrow. Patients with pretreatment granulocytes greater than 0.3 x 10(9)/L had greater increments in circulating myeloid cells than patients with more severe granulocytopenia. Only one patient had improvement in erythrocytes and platelets. Blood counts fell to baseline after rhGM-CSF treatment was discontinued. Doses up to 16 micrograms/kg/d were relatively well tolerated in the absence of extreme leukocytosis. Fatigue and myalgia were common. Three patients developed pulmonary infiltrates that resolved with discontinuation of treatment. Patients tended to have recurrent inflammation in previously diseased tissues. These data indicate that rhGM-CSF will increase circulating granulocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils in patients with refractory aplastic anemia. Further studies are necessary to determine if rhGM-CSF treatment will reduce morbidity or improve survival.
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PMID:Treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. 264 86

Twelve cases of Lyme's disease with neurological complications are reported. Seven patients had meningoradiculitis of the Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth type, with facial palsy in 2 cases. In 1 case the radiculitis involved only the cauda equina. Two more patients had meningomyelitis. Of the remaining 3, 1 had subacute inflammatory polyneuritis with albumino-cytologic dissociation, 1 had probable dorsal epiduritis, and the last one developed parkinsonism and communicating hydrocephalus after an otherwise classical meningoradiculitis. Three patients recalled a tick bite but only one a cutaneous eruption. No arthritis or cardiac involvement were observed. In 2 cases the CSF contained pseudo-neoplastic cells. Severe pain was a prominent feature in most cases. Pain consistently and rapidly improved on high-dose intravenous penicillin, while other signs or symptoms (e.g. paresthesias or fatigue) often lasted several months. Parkinsonism and hydrocephalus were not influenced by penicillin, and both required specific therapy. Isolated neurological (both central and peripheral) involvement is not unusual in Lyme's disease and may give rise to a wide range of signs and symptoms. This diagnosis is to be considered even when other features of Borrelia burgdorferi infection are lacking.
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PMID:[Neurologic forms of Lyme disease. 12 cases]. 266 39


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