Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: DrugBank:BIOD00035 (CSF)
 30,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

100 cases of Spitz-Holter shunts performed for hydrocephalus over a period of 3 years were analyzed; 17 of these were of posttraumatic origin and are discussed in regard to pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, and therapy. Half of these 17 had severe traffic accidents. The rapidity and degree of ventricular dilatation were positively correlated with the duration of unconsciousness. When the unconsciousness had lasted more than 10 days hydrocephalus was recognized early, and the shunt was performed on an average 2 months after the trauma. Two thirds of the patients improved after the shunt operation. Pathogenetically we believe the important factors in the acute stages are increased CSF pressure, disturbed CSF dynamics, brain swelling and vascular circulation disorder; in the chronic stages, parenchymous atrophy. The following 3 types of posttraumatic hydrocephalus were differentiated on the basis of the clinical features: --symmetrical communicating internal hydrocephalus with malresorption, especially after subarachnoid hemorrhage, --communicating internal hydrocephalus alone, or in combination with external hydrocephalus resulting from atrophy, --internal occlusive hydrocephalus after trauma. The following posttraumatic clinical features were found to be indications that hydrocephalus may be present: in the acute stages inadequately long symptom resolution considering the severity of the trauma, secondary changes for the worse, an apallic syndrome which does not improve; in late stages, the presence of an Adams-Hakim syndrome charaterized by dementia, a spastic gait and loss of sphincter control. The most successful diagnostic methods were found to be pneumencephalography with 24 and 48 h delayed exposures, cisternoscintigraphy and continuous intracranial pressure monitoring in combination with the spinal infusion test. The most important intracranial shunting procedures and the indications for shunting are discussed.
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PMID:[Clinical observations on hydrocephalus with special regard to the posttraumatic malresorptive form (author's transl)]. 5 11

Eosinophilic granulocytes in the CSF were observed in 94 of approximately 10,000 qualitative cytologic preparations. Those cases of eosinophilia which occurred in the context of a parasitic disease or a puncture-related hemorrhage were excluded. CSF eosinophilia exceeding 1% was found in 57.5% of the cases and 5% in 23.5%. Increased cell counts were observed in 67.7% of the cases; elevated CSF protein values, in 68% to 73%; blood eosinophils, in 10.4%. There was no reason to suspect a relationship between these findings and the number of eosinophils in the CSF.--Fifty-two percent of the cases involved inflammatory diseases of the nervous system; the 18 cases of abacterial inflammation of unknown etiology were particularly striking. In the remaining cases, eosinophils were found in conjunction with cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage, with tumors, and in a relatively high percentage of children (21%). The frequency of occurrence with drained or undrained hydrocephalus was striking. A review of the pathophysiological function of eosinophils indicated that revived or corpuscular antigens were present in all cases of CSF eosinophilia in which an eosinophilic reaction was induced. Nothing can be said at this time, however, concerning the classification of the antigens.
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PMID:Eosinophilic granulocytes in cerebrospinal fluid: analysis of 94 cerebrospinal fluid specimens and review of the literature. 8 Dec 95

An infant with chronic diarrhea developed hydrocephalus following treatment with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via jugular vein catheterization. Total parenteral nutrition is used when nutritional needs cannot be met adequately by oral alimentation. Serial computerized tomograms showed progression of communicating hydrocephalus. Superior sagittal sinograms demonstrated bilateral internal jugular vein occlusion with extensive venous collateralization. Lumboperitoneal shunt effectively decreased raised CSF pressure. A judicious approach to alternative venous routes for hyperalimentation is suggested. Radiographic delineation of communicating hydrocephalus by computerized tomography and superior sagittal sinography is presented.
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PMID:Radiography of hydrocephalus after total parenteral nutrition. 10 11

The major changes in clinical condition during and after encephalography may be explained by intracranial pressure variations. If neither intracranial hypertension nor CSF dynamic perturbations exist, minimal complications may be predicted, but in intracranial hypertension immediate deterioration may occur. Despite an apparently good level of tolerance, complications may develop if the compensation phenomena cannot occur: normal pressure hydrocephalus, craniosynostosis. In the cases with good clinical tolerance, minimal changes occur when air injection is administered at a slow rate and with a small volume.
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PMID:[Effect of fractionated pneumoencephalography on intracranial pressure]. 20 16

In 12 patients with different posterior fossa tumours the concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured in cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles. All patients had obstructive hydrocephalus. Patients with a clear increase of 5-HIAA/HVA ratio in the ventricular CSF have died subsequently. This feature may have a diagnostic value, and indicates the prevalence of serotoninergic neurones in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus with fatal course after surgery.
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PMID:Concentration of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. 21 82

A series of 360 consecutive extracranial CSF shunts performed between June 1960 and June 1976 for infantile non tumoral hydrocephalus is reviewed. The surgical methods used, the reasons for re-operation, the time distribution of post-operative complications, the causes of death and the long term results are analysed and discussed for each of the four groups: tetraventricular communicating hydrocephalus, triventricular hydrocephalus, obstructive hydrocephalus with a ventriculo-cisternal block and post-meningocele or post-myelomeningocele hydrocephalus.
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PMID:Extracranial CSF shunting for infantile non tumoral hydrocephalus--a retrospective analysis of 360 cases. 23 Sep 35

Twenty-one patients were examined with computer tomography following subarachnoid injection of metrizamide (Amipaque). Five were evaluated because of dementia or possible obstructive hydrocephalus. The remainder were referred for lumbar or cervical myelography and served as controls. Concentration and distribution of the contrast medium within the cranial subarachnoid space and ventricular system depend upon a composite of the physical properties of the contrast medium, patient positioning and activity and CSF physiology.
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PMID:Computer tomography and subarachnoid metrizamide for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid flow. 29 80

Computerized tomographic (CT) brain scan was performed on 28 infants with unexplained cardiorespiratory and neurologic deterioration and bloody lumbar cerebrospinal spinal fluid. Fourteen of 20 with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) died; the six infants with lesser degrees of IVH survived. Significant subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was demonstrable in three infants and three had negative scans despite bloody CSF. We have found that CT scans provide useful information about the size and extent of neonatal IVH and distinguished it from SAH. It also confirms the diagnosis of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus in these infants. Continued use of the CT scan will help us to understand the natural history and the effects of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage among the survivors of intensive care.
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PMID:Evaluation of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage by computerized tomography. 29 37

In 3 patients with predominant symptoms of communicating hydrocephalus more investigations led to the diagnosis of neurinoma at the cerebellar-pontine angle. Possible causes of CSF circulatory disturbances will be discussed.
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PMID:[Communicating hydrocephalus due to acustic neurinoma (author's transl)]. 30 21

Four cases are presented of marked periventricular oedema associated with hydrocephalus on CT scan. In one of the patients oedema, as well as the hydrocephalus, subsided after successful re-establishment of CSF absorption. The most likely explanation of the periventricular oedema is increased absorption of CSF by periventricular brain tissue.
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PMID:Demonstration of transventricular CSF absorption by computerized tomography. 30 56


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