Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: DrugBank:BIOD00035 (CSF)
 30,988 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors conducted a comparative study of the therapeutical effectivity of ribonuclease, hetero- and homologic specific gamma-globulin used in 189 children with tick-borne encephalitis in the acute period of the disease. It was established that there was a significant advantage of ribonuclease before serotherapy. During ribonuclease treatment the febrile period of the disease was much less, while the meningeal symptoms disappeared more rapidly with normalization of the CSF.
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PMID:[Experience with the etiotropic treatment of children with tick-bone encephalitis]. 6 84

Three single CSF proteins with different molecular size (albumin, immunoglobulin G, and alpha2-macroglobulin) were determined by the method of electroimmunoassay in 61 children with febrile convulsions (FC) in order to evaluate the permeability of the blood-CSF barrier (B-CSF-B). Forty-two children with acute extracerebral infection served as controls. In contrast to a group of 22 children who suffered from acute meningoencephalitis or encephalitis, the CSF values of 48 children with FC were within normal limits. Thus even a very mild form of inflammatory encephalopathy-undetectable with conventional CSF investigation-was excluded in the majority of the children with FC. In 11 patients, however, CSF concentrations of albumin and alpha2-macroglobulin were abnormally raised, indicating a B-CSF-B distrubance. Elevated albumin values were found most frequently. In several children with FC lasting more than 20-30 min, B-CSF-B damage was probably caused by prolonged seizure activity since there is a linear correlation between albumin concentration and duration of convulsions. Several other factors known to raise the children's risk of developing epilepsy in later life were associated with the protein pattern of B-CSF-B disturbance in some of the children. In these cases, the cause of abnormal permeability of B-CSF-B is unknown and the condition might have existed prior to the occurrence of seizures.
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PMID:Febrile convulsions and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. 7 3

The CSF and sera of 17 patients with meningoencephalitis or encephalitis, 10 with meningitis or meningomyelitis, 5 subjects with postencephalitic sequelae and 2 with arachnoiditis were studied. Diseases involving the intracranial CNS parenchyma were found to give CSF electrofocusing findings differing from those of the other diagnostic subgroups. Differences regarding subfraction patterns of the gamma-globulin region seemed to be influenced of whether supra- or infratentorial structures were affected. The present study seems to indicate that the abnormal CSF-protein patterns found on electrofocusing were not only influenced by temporal but also by spatial factors.
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PMID:Electrofocusing and electrophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins in CNS disorders of known or probable infectious etiology. 7 89

A virus isolated from the CSF of a patient who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for 7 years, and prolonged pleocytosis in the CSF, was adapted to suckling mouse brain by subsequent serial blind passages. This Schu virus belongs to the tick-borne encephalitis complex of the genus Flavivirus (Togaviridae). Suckling mouse brain homogenate of the 13th passage was used for transmission experiments in various species of laboratory animals. Golden hamsters infected subcutaneously fell ill after a number of months, lost weight, and had paresis of the legs. Histologically they had petechial hemorrhages in different parts of the CNS and inflammatory changes in the gray substance of the spinal cord. Pilot studies with repeated inoculations of small doses of different flavivirus strains suggest a course of the disease in experimental animals which resembles slow-virus infections insofar as no encephalitis is produced and degenerative changes of the anterior horn cells prevail over inflammatory signs in the spinal cord. After intracerebral application of Schu virus, cynomolgus monkeys developed the typical lesions of togavirus panencephalitis with epileptic seizures, ataxia, and paresis. After subcutaneous application, the virus seems to spread along peripheral nerves to anterior spinal roots and spinal cord, where mainly motor neurons of the anterior horn are damaged, and from there to the brain. The histological findings are such that one may assume the disease of the patient was due to the infection with the virus isolated from his CSF. Therefore, the hypothesis may be advanced that at least some of the cases diagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are due to a togavirus infection.
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PMID:Attempts to reproduce amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in laboratory animals by inoculation of Schu virus isolated from a patient with apparent amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 8 63

A 16 year old boy with Bruton type agammaglobulinaemia developed acute encephalitis. Echo virus type 3 was isolated on two occasions from the same sample of CSF. Clinical improvement occured after treatment with gammaglobulin with high anti-Echo virus titers given intramuscularly and intrathecally. However the C.S.F. protein is still raised so that it is not certain he has been completely cured.
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PMID:[Echovirus encephalitis during Bruton disease. Favorable development. Therapeutic problems]. 9 70

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for quantitating IgG, IgA and IgM in unconcentrated CSF has been developed. The amounts and percentages of these immunoglobulins in CSF from 31 normal individuals were determined. Using these values as normal, CSF from patients with syphilis, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), and multiple sclerosis (MS) was studied. Abnormalities were detected, indicating the potential relevance of more extensive study of the CSF immunoglobulins. CSF from patients with myotonic dystrophy and myasthenia gravis was normal. RIA was compared with rocket electroimmunodiffusion (EID) for the quantitation of IgG. Although RIA consistently gave lower absolute values, both assays reliably detect elevated IgG in CSF. However, an advantage of RIA is its capacity to quantitate IgA and IgM.
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PMID:Quantitation of IgG, IgA and IgM in the CSF by radioimmunoassay. 10 29

An association of evidence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in 3 different cases of neurological disease not related to infectious monomucleosis is reported. A rise in antibody titres to EBV-viral capsid antigen (VCA) and early antigen (EA) in the serum and CSF was demonstrated in a patient with acute encephalitis and in a patient with a psychotic-like organic brain syndrome. Both patients demonstrated albuminocytological dissociation in the cerebrospinal fluid. IgM antibodies specific to EBV-VCA indicating a primary infection by EBV were found in both patients. In the second, concomitant infection with HSV1 probably preceding EBV infection was found. In the third patient with polyneuritis, elevated antibody titres to EBV-VCA were demonstrated. No evidence of penetration of antibodies to EBV through the blood-brain barrier, resulting from the elevated level in the serum, was demonstrated.
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PMID:Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in neurological diseases. 18 Feb 62

Acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis developed in two immunologically normal adults. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of CMV from the CSF and urine in one case and from temporal lobe biopsy tissue, CSF, and urine in the second case. Both patients were treated with vidarabine and showed dramatic clinical improvement. Virus excretion, which had been chronic in one case, cleared after therapy. To our knowledge, these are the first persons with CMV encephalitis evidenced by isolation of the virus from the CNS. The response to vidarabine was impressive and warrants further evaluation.
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PMID:Cytomegalovirus encephalitis in immunologically normal adults. Successful treatment with vidarabine. 19 55

Serial concomitant paired sera (S) and CSF were taken from eight patients with biopsy-proved herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). These specimen pairs were compared with 28 others from patients with various neurologic conditions. Before and after reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol, a ratio of S/CSF antibody titers of less than or equal to 20 with either the passive hemagglutinating (PHA) or immune adherence hemagglutinating (IAHA) antibody tests occurred in every patient with HSVE. Diagnostic S/CSF ratios were noted in three patients before biopsy of the brain and in four patients by the tenth day of neurologic disease. Among control subjects, a ratio of S/CSF titers greater than 20 was observed in all but four patients. Each of the latter patients had neurologic diagnoses easily distinguishable from HSVE. The PHA or IAHA S/CSF ratio offers a rapid, reliable method for the diagnosis of HSVE (P less than .001).
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PMID:Simultaneous serum and CSF antibodies in herpes simplex virus encephalitis. 20 6

A case of Neonatal Herpes Simlex Virus (RSV) Encephalitis with severe ocular manifestation treated by topical systemic and intrathecal Interferon inducer, Poly IC (Polyriboinosinic acid-Polyribocytidylic acid) is reported. Prior to the administration of Poly IC, no Interferon could be detected neither in blood nor in CSF and vesicular fluid from conjunctiva. Intravenous administration of the drug initiated measurable levels in blood and tears, but not in CSF. However, intrathecal injection induced persistent high levels of Interferon in CSF. Virus clearance from conjunctiva tears and vesicular fluid occurred after three days of topical application of Poly IC. The mechanism of action of Poly IC, the laboratory results and the therapeutic conclusions are discussed in detail. This is the first report of intrathecal administration of Poly IC in a case of HSV Encephalitis.
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PMID:Systemic and topical use of poly I.C. in treatment of generalized neonatal herpes simplex infection with severe ocular involvement. 21 90


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