Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: DrugBank:APRD01322 (balanced salt solution)
 1,541 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight adult cats were inoculated IV (n = 6) or SC (n = 2) with Ehrlichia risticii-infected P388D1 (continuous murine macrophage) cells or with E risticii released from P388D1 cells. Three additional cats were inoculated with organism-free P388D1 cultured monocytes, and 1 cat, which served as a medium control was inoculated with balanced salt solution. Clinical signs of illness were observed in the IV inoculated cats from which E risticii was isolated. One cat developed intermittent diarrhea between postinoculation days (PID) 8 and 18, and the other cat developed lymphadenopathy, acute depression, and anorexia between PID 20 and 24. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated in cultures from 2 of 6 IV inoculated cats on PID 6, 10, and 17. Both cats were inoculated with E risticii released from the P388D1 cells. Ehrlichia risticii was not isolated from SC inoculated cats or from control cats. All 8 cats inoculated with E risticii seroconverted between PID 10 and 23. A pony inoculated with E risticii isolated from 1 of the inoculated cats developed clinical signs of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis including fever, anorexia, depression, and mild colic. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated from the blood of this pony on PID 7, 9, 11, and 16.
 ...
PMID:Susceptibility of cats to infection with Ehrlichia risticii, causative agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis. 307 Nov 94

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a polypeptide cytokine, has been postulated as a chemical messenger between the immune and the neuroendocrine system. IL-1 receptors and immunopositive neurons have been visualized in the human and rat hypothalamus, suggesting that IL-1 can act as a neurotransmitter within the brain. In the hypothalamus IL-1 and the amino acid neurotransmitters are known to modulate several functions, such as fever, anorexia and the gonadal and adrenal axis. Since the hypothalamic actions of IL-1 on the amino acid neurotransmitter output are unknown, the aim of the present paper was to evaluate the effects of IL-1 on the hypothalamic release of both, the inhibitory taurine, glycine and GABA and the excitatory glutamate, amino acid neurotransmitters. Intact adult male rats were employed. The preoptic/mediobasal hypothalamic area was dissected and superfused with Earle's balanced salt solution. Superfusate fractions were collected after a 60-min stabilization period. Following 60 min of basal release, IL-1 was added to the superfusion medium over 30 min. GABA, taurine and glycine release were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the superfusion medium, while glutamate was not modified compared with the control group. These observations show that IL-1 increased GABA, taurine and glycine release. These effects indicate that this cytokine can affect the hypothalamic inhibitory amino acid output, which may help us to understand the mechanism by which IL-1 exerts its effects.
 ...
PMID:Interleukin-1 stimulates hypothalamic inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter release. 969 51