Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: DrugBank:APRD00545 (Peridex)
 235 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cervical abrasion and erosion lesions were restored with composite resin restorations bonded with four different dentin-bonding resins, an enamel-bonding resin, or restorations of a glass ionomer cement. The long-term clinical retention of the restorations were evaluated during a 4-year period. The surrounding enamel was not acid-etched. Four cleaning methods for dentin pretreatment were used to study their effects on the bonding between dentin and the restorative materials. The dentin was treated with either (1) etching for 60 seconds or (2) 15 seconds with 37% phosphoric acid, (3) cleaning with 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) for 20 seconds, or (4) cleaning with Tubulicid etchant for 60 seconds. None of the composite resin restorations, regardless of pretreatment or bonding method, showed acceptable restorations. All glass ionomer cement restorations were retained after pretreatment with Tubulicid etchant and 5% NaOCL after a 6-month period. Full acceptance, in other words, 3 year retention, was reached only after pretreatment with NaOCL.
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PMID:The effect of cavity pretreatment procedures on dentin bonding: a four-year clinical evaluation. 220 13

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the shear bond strength test of two glass-ionomer cements (G C cement and Ketac Bond) after different chemical pretreatments of dentine surface. The following dentine pretreatments were used: sodium hypochlorite, polyacrylic acid, tannic acid, H3PO4, FeCl3, Fe ossalate, Tubulicid, H2O2 and aqueous solution as control. Flat dentine surface of human extracted teeth was treated with the chemical agents, washed and dried. Cylindrical specimens of glass-ionomer cement were applied on dentine surface. After 24 hours in humidifier the specimens were tested in a universal testing machine. A significant higher bond was obtained only from polyacrylic acid and sodium hypochlorite treatments. The present results suggest that dentine pretreatment represent an essential step in composite resin/glass-ionomer cement restorations.
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PMID:[Glass ionomer cements and dentinal pretreatments: the evaluation of their adhesion to the dentin]. 234 51

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effects of various dentin chemical pretreatments (a) on the shear bond strength of five glass-ionomer cements (GICs) and (b) on marginal microleakage of the five GICs used in association with resin composites in Class V restorations. The dentin treatments were: three acid agents (polyacrylic acid, tannic acid, orthophosphoric acid), three cleansing agents (Tubulicid blue solution, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium hypochlorite), and an aqueous solution as control. After dentin treatment, the test specimens were stored in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hr. Shear bond strength was determined with a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 cm/min. Sodium hypochlorite and polyacrylic acid significantly improved the adhesion of GICs to a different degree in the various materials. Regarding microleakage tests, 320 non-retentive cavities were prepared at the cementum-enamel junction in freshly extracted human teeth. The teeth were thermocycled, immersed in dye solution, and serial-sectioned longitudinally at three sites. Treatment with sodium hypochlorite was the most effective in reducing marginal leakage. The present results suggest that dentin treatment is an important step in all resin composite/GIC restorations.
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PMID:Effects of acid and cleansing agents on shear bond strength and marginal microleakage of glass-ionomer cements. 270 Apr 59

An experimental system of laboratory infection control was tested, using 76 dentures from 40 volunteer patients. The dentures were cleansed on entering and again on leaving the laboratory. To evaluate the effectiveness of disinfection, the dentures were cultured as they were received from the patient, after the first cleansing, after polishing, and after the second cleansing. The disinfection of the prostheses involved scrubbing them with Hibiclens skin cleanser, rinsing, disinfection in one of three disinfectants (1:16 Sporicidin solution, full-strength Sporicidin solution, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite [undiluted Clorox]), and finally rinsing. Full-strength Sporicidin solution was significantly more effective than diluted Sporicidin solution, but no statistically significant difference was found between full-strength Sporicidin solution and sodium hypochlorite, or between sodium hypochlorite and 1:16 Sporicidin solution. All three solutions were effective in reducing or eliminating culturable aerobic bacteria.
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PMID:Evaluation of the barrier system, an infection control system for the dental laboratory. 347 84

Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Aspergillus niger conidia and Candida albicans blastospores were employed to assess the fungicidal activity of a range of antimicrobial agents used for hard-surface and skin disinfection in hospitals in the U.K. The antimicrobials were tested at in-use concentrations. The time taken to give greater than 99.99% kill was determined by estimating the number of survivors (cfu/ml) at a variety of time intervals after exposure of washed suspensions of spores to the disinfectants. At equivalent times the recovery in the broth was investigated. An alcoholic solution of chlorhexidine gluconate (0.02%) (Hibitane), iodine in Industrial Methylated Spirit (IMS) and a phenolic (0.36% phenols, Stericol) produced a 99.99% kill of all species within 2 min, alcoholic and aqueous solutions (10%) of povidone-iodine (Betadine) and hypochlorite (0.2%) required 10 min to give a 99.99% kill of all species tested. The preparations which contained cetrimide (Cetavlon), aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibitane) and combinations of these (Savloclens and Savlodil) were only slowly fungicidal, particularly against T. mentagrophytes spores, which was the most resistant of the three fungal species to disinfection.
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PMID:An assessment of the fungicidal activity of antimicrobial agents used for hard-surface and skin disinfection. 352 29

The efficiency of four commonly used antiseptics, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, cetrimide and sodium hypochlorite was compared in the disinfection of silicone-foam dressing used in the management of open granulating wounds. An in vitro model was first used to determine the minimum effective concentration of each antiseptic in killing a standard culture of Pseudomonas. The appropriate concentrations were then compared in comparative studies of clinical wounds. Chlorhexidine proved to be the most effective antiseptic, povidone-iodine and cetrimide were moderately successful, but sodium hypochlorite gave poor results. A subsidiary study looked at the problem of wound irritation by carry-over of the antiseptic. A rinse of the dressing after disinfection prevented irritation by chlorhexidine without compromising its antibacterial effect, but this procedure sometimes failed to prevent irritation when using the other antiseptic agents. It is concluded that chlorhexidine is the preferred cleansing agent in the management of silicone-foam dressings on both grounds of bacteriological efficiency and lack of wound irritation. It should be noted that Hibitane concentrate used in this work contains non-ionic detergent and a stabilizing agent. Pure preparations of chlorhexidine may not behave similarly.
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PMID:The disinfection of silicone-foam dressings. 393 12

Five antiseptics commonly used in endodontic treatment were evaluated with regard to cytotoxicity and initial tissue irritating effect. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in a cell culture system using HeLa cells and the initial tissue irritating effect was assessed by application of the antiseptics onto an intact nonepithelialized tissue surface. The cell response was assessed by registering changes in the DNA synthesis of the cells and the tissue response was assessed by registering changes in the oxidoreductase enzyme activity of the tissue. To evaluate the ability of the cells and the tissue to overcome an induced damage, one part of the study included a recovery period before the condition of the cells and the tissue was assessed. The most severe cell and tissue reactions were caused by 5% Chloramine-T whereas no differences in toxicity or tissue irritating effect were found between 0.04% Jodopax, 0.1% Biosept, 0.1% Hibitane, or 0.5% sodium hypochlorite. The HeLa cells showed the best recovery after having been influenced by Jodopax, Chloramine-T or sodium hypochlorite solutions, whereas the best tissue recovery was observed in the experiments with Biosept and Hibitane.
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PMID:Biological evaluation of root canal antiseptics using in vitro and in vivo methods. 692 85

The cytotoxicity of seven solutions used in root canal therapy was tested in human fibroblast and lymphoblast cultures. The amount of cell damage was assessed by measuring the release of 51Cr from labeled cells into the medium. The solutions, when applied at therapeutic concentrations, displayed high toxicity in vitro and differences in cytotoxicity were seen between different solutions. Generally, lymphoblasts were found to be more sensitive than fibroblasts. The cytotoxic profiles of the two cell types resembled each other except when 5% sodium hypochlorite or 0.2% Hibitane was used. When the criterion of total cell lysis was 50% 51Cr release, the toxic concentrations of the solutions tested ranged between 1:25 and 1:900 (v/v) for fibroblasts. For lymphoblasts the corresponding concentration range was between 1:40 and 1:750. Despite technical simplicity and good reproducibility the 51Cr release method proved unreliable for testing the cytotoxicity of endodontic solutions. Because the methodological errors cannot be foreseen the 51Cr release method requires supporting evidence from other methods.
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PMID:Cytotoxicity of some solutions used for root canal treatment assessed with human fibroblasts and lymphoblasts. 694 Feb 32

The effect on coronal leakage of the use of either a single gutta-percha cone or cold lateral condensation of gutta-percha, with a glass ionomer sealer cement was studied. In addition, the effect of the removal of the smear layer was also determined. Eighty-eight single-rooted teeth were prepared chemomechanically using hand files, with the balanced force technique. Lubrication was provided by either Hibiscrub (maintaining the smear layer) or an EDTA-containing paste (to remove the smear layer). Copious irrigation was carried out with 2.2% sodium hypochlorite. The teeth were allocated randomly to four groups of 20 teeth each, the remaining eight teeth served as controls. Two groups of teeth, one with and one without smear layer, were obturated with either a single gutta-percha cone or cold laterally condensed gutta-percha, with Ketac Endo as the sealer. The teeth were stored for 6 weeks, thermocycled, and the extent of coronal leakage determined for each group after immersion in India ink for 90 h. The teeth were demineralized, dehydrated and immersed in methyl salicylate, which rendered them transparent. Linear measurement of maximum dye penetration was recorded. The mean depth (+SD) of leakage for the groups in which the smear layer was left intact was 1.68 mm (+0.38) for the single cone (A1) and 2.29 mm (+1.58) for lateral condensation (B1). When the smear layer was removed the mean depth of leakage for the single cone group (A2) was 2.04 mm (+0.73) and 2.37 mm (+1.70) for the laterally condensed group (B2). There was no significant difference in coronal leakage between the groups (P > 0.05).
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PMID:Assessment of coronal leakage in teeth root filled with gutta-percha and a glass of ionomer root canal sealer. 781 30

A variety of methods have been used to evaluate the cleanliness of root canals after endodontic preparation and irrigation. Few irrigation agents other than sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) have been tested in conjunction with endosonics. The purpose of this study was to examine the cleaning ability of water, NaOCl, Hibiscrub and a biological washing liquid when used as intracanal irrigants, with and without endosonics. Two methods of evaluation were employed to assess the root canal cleanliness after endodontic preparation. A total of 56 teeth, divided into eight groups, were prepared manually using the step-down technique. Each irrigating agent was used in two experimental groups, with and without endosonics. Two additional teeth which received neither instrumentation nor irrigation served as the controls. The teeth were split longitudinally and the state of cleanliness of the root canal was assessed by scoring the amount of stained organic debris and smear layer. It was demonstrated that the results of debris and smear layer scoring were significantly influenced by the type of irrigant and whether endosonics had been used. All agents exhibited similar cleaning ability when introduced manually. With endosonics, NaOCl yielded significantly less stainable debris (P < 0.05) than the other groups which showed no significant difference. The ability to remove the smear layer was enhanced, but at some distance short of the working length, by endosonics for all irrigants tested. None of the solutions tested was able to produce a canal wall that was free of smear layer.
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PMID:In vitro cleaning ability of root canal irrigants with and without endosonics. 814 42


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